Ese wumva kwibuka kwawe kugenda gucika buhoro buhoro? Reka tuvuge kuri MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)!

Twese rimwe na rimwe twibagirwa ibintu, si byo se? Tekereza, umaze kuva mu nzu ukagenda urugendo rugufi, uhita wibaza uti "Mana yanjye, nakinze urugi?" Cyangwa uhita wibagirwa icyo wari ugiye kuvuga mu gihe uganira neza n'inshuti yawe. Ibi bintu ni ibisanzwe cyane, kandi nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo. Ariko se, wowe, nyoko wawe, so, cyangwa umuntu ukunda, wumva ko ibyo kwibagirwa bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi bikaba binatera ibibazo bito ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi? Noneho iyi nkuru izaba ingenzi cyane kuri wewe. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri MCI, bisobanura Impairment yo mu mutwe.

MCI ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment) ni indwara aho ubushobozi bw'umuntu bwo kwibuka no gutekereza bugabanuka gato . Ibi biruta gato ukwibagirwa gusanzwe kuza iyo umuntu ashaje. Ariko, ntabwo bikabije nk'indwara ikomeye yo kubura kwibuka yitwa dementia.

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Ushobora kugorwa no kumenya terefone y'uburiganya, cyangwa ushobora kwibagirwa ibintu nk'umunsi wagiye kwa muganga. Wowe n'umuryango wawe mushobora kubona izi mpinduka. Ariko icy'ingenzi ni uko umuntu urwaye MCI ashobora gukomeza gukora imirimo ye ya buri munsi nta bufasha bw'abandi. Ibyo bivuze ko ashobora gukora ibintu nko guteka, kwambara, no gukora imirimo yo mu rugo wenyine.

Inkuru nziza ni uko MCI idahoraho buri gihe. Hari igihe ibimenyetso bishobora kugabanuka iyo impamvu nyamukuru imaze kuvurwa. Ariko, kugira MCI byongera gato ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa, nka Alzheimer, mu gihe kizaza.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa MCI:

Tugabanya ikibazo cya MCI mo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi. Kugira ngo byoroshye kubyumva, ndabisobanura muri ubu buryo.

Ese nawe ufite ibi bintu?

Ikintu nyamukuru kiranga MCI ni ukugabanuka k'ubushobozi tuvuga ubu. Reba niba ubu bushobozi bumeze nk'ubusanzwe.

• Kwitondera: Biragoye gukomeza kwibanda ku kintu kimwe, kandi ubwenge buhita burangara byoroshye.
• Icyemezo: Biragoye guhitamo icyiza n'ikibi, gufata icyemezo cyiza.
• Ururimi: Kugorwa no kubona amagambo akwiye mu gihe uvuga.
• Kwibuka: Kwibagirwa ibintu kenshi kurusha mbere.
• Gutegura: Biragoye gutegura no gukora igikorwa mu buryo buri ku murongo.
• Impamvu: Biragoye kumva ikibazo no kugishakira umuti.

Ibi bigaragara bite mu buzima bwa buri munsi?

• Akenshi nibagirwa aho nshyira imfunguzo zanjye, indorerwamo, na telefoni nkabishakisha.
• Nibagiwe kwishyura ibintu nk'amashanyarazi n'amazi.
• Amateraniro y'ingenzi, ibirori, n'iminsi yihariye y'umuryango byibagiranye.
• Mu gihe uvuga, uhita wibagirwa icyo wagombaga kuvuga maze ugahagarara.

Bamwe mu bantu barwaye MCI bashobora no kugira ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no kugenda no kubura impumuro.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Ni izihe mpamvu zitera MCI?

Hari ibice by'ubwonko bwacu bifasha mu kwibuka no gutekereza. Urugero, ibice nka hippocampus na temporal lobes. Muri MCI, hari ibyangiritse cyangwa impinduka mu miterere y'utu duce. Izi mpinduka mu bwonko ni zo zituma bigorana kwibuka ibintu neza nka mbere, gutekereza neza, no kwitondera.

Hari igihe MCI ishobora kuba icyiciro cya mbere cy’indwara ikomeye yo kwangirika kw’imitsi aho uturemangingo tw’ubwonko duhita twangirika buhoro buhoro. Zimwe muri izi ndwara zirimo:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer
• Indwara yo kwibagirwa imbere n'imbere
• Lewy body dementia
• Indwara ya Parkinson
• Kwibagirwa imitsi y'amaraso

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara MCI?

Umuntu wese ashobora kurwara MCI, ariko hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara.

Ibintu bidashobora gukumirwa bishobora gutera ibyago:

• Ku myaka irenga 65: Ingaruka ziyongera uko imyaka igenda ishira.
• Amateka y'umuryango:Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango warwaye indwara yo kwibagirwa.
• Ibintu bitera imiterere y'uturemangingo: Kugira ubwoko bw'uturemangingo bwitwa APOE-e4 (iyi ni imiterere y'uturemangingo yongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer).

Ibintu bishobora kugabanya cyangwa kuvurwa:

• Ibibazo by'umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso: Indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cholesterol nyinshi, na stroke.
• Indwara zidakira: Diyabete, COPD, osteoarthritis.
• Ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe: kwiheba no guhangayika.
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira: kugona no kubura umwuka wo mu gihe cyo gusinzira.
• Kubura Vitamine: cyane cyane kubura Vitamine B12.
• Ibibazo bya tiroyide: Hypothyroidism.
• Indwara: Ibintu nk'indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTI) bishobora gutuma umuntu acika intege, cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze.
• Ibikomere byo mu mutwe: (Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretse cyane).
• Imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti imwe n'imwe nka antihistamines, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi, opiate, na benzodiazepines nayo ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi zo kwibuka.

Umuganga abibona ate?

Nta kizamini na kimwe gishobora kukwereka neza niba ufite MCI. Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, azagusuzuma neza.

1. Ibaze wowe n'umuryango wawe ibyerekeye impinduka: Ni ryari ibimenyetso byawe byatangiye, ni ibihe bintu wibagirwa, kandi niba bigira ingaruka ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi? Ushobora kandi kubaza umuntu uri kumwe nawe ibyerekeye izi mpinduka.

2. Isuzuma ry'umubiri n'imitsi: Isuzuma ry'imikorere y'imitsi yawe, uburyo imyakura ikora, n'imikorere y'imitsi yawe biragenzurwa.

3. Ibizamini bipima kwibuka no gutekereza: Ushobora kubazwa ibibazo bigufi, ugasabwa gushushanya amashusho, cyangwa kwibuka amagambo yo gupima imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe. Ibi twita ikizamini cya Neuropsychological.

4. Ibindi bizamini:

• Gupima amaraso n'inkari: Reba izindi mpamvu, nko kubura vitamine, ibibazo bya tiroyide, n'indwara zandura.
• Gupima ubwonko: Gupima CT cyangwa MRI bishobora kureba ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko, ibimenyetso by'indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi, cyangwa izindi mpinduka mu miterere y'umubiri.
• Gutobora mu kibuno:Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byihariye, iki kizamini gishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe poroteyine zifitanye isano n'indwara ya Alzheimer.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura MCI?

Uburyo bwo kuvura MCI buterwa n'impamvu. Nta buryo bumwe bwo kuvura bushobora gukoreshwa muri byose. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama y'ibintu nk'ibi:

• Kuvura indwara zishingiye ku barwayi: Niba impamvu ya MCI ari ikintu nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ibibazo byo gusinzira (sleep apnea), cyangwa kubura vitamine, ubuvuzi bwiza bw'iyo ndwara bushobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kwibuka.
• Guhindura imiti: Niba hari imiti ufata igira ingaruka ku kwibuka kwawe, muganga wawe ashobora kuyihindura cyangwa kugabanya ingano yayo.
• Ibikorwa bitera ubwonko gukangura: Gukemura ibibazo, kwiga ikintu gishya (nk'ururimi, igikoresho cya muzika), gusoma ibitabo, no gusabana n'abandi ni imyitozo myiza ku bwonko.
• Impinduka mu mibereho:
• Kureka cyangwa kugabanya kunywa itabi n'inzoga.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye (imboga nyinshi, imbuto, amafi).
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Kwita ku mutekano: Ushobora kuba ukeneye gutekereza ku bintu nko gukemura ibibazo bishobora gutemba no kugwa mu rugo rwawe (urugero: tapi) ndetse wenda no kongera gutekereza ku gutwara imodoka.

Ejo hazaza hazaba hameze hate ku muntu urwaye MCI?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi batinya. Indwara yitwa MCI si imwe kuri bose.

• Kuri bamwe: Nyuma yo kuvurwa, ibimenyetso bishobora koroha bigasubira uko byari bisanzwe ukurikije imyaka yabo.
• Kuri bamwe: Ibimenyetso bishobora kuguma ari bimwe, bitarushijeho kwiyongera.
• Ku bandi: Uko igihe kigenda gihita, MCI ishobora gutera indwara yo kwibagirwa. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hagati ya 10% na 20% by'abantu barengeje imyaka 65 bafite MCI bazarwara indwara yo kwibagirwa mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe.

Ariko si buri wese urwaye MCI uzarwara indwara yo kwiheba. Abantu benshi bashobora gukomeza gukora akazi kabo no kubaho ku giti cyabo. Icy'ingenzi ni ugukomeza kugirana umubano uhoraho na muganga wawe . Ni ngombwa cyane kumusura buri mezi 6 kugeza kuri 12 kugira ngo umenye uko umeze.