Umuntu wo mu muryango wawe, wenda mama wawe ukunda, so, nyogokuru cyangwa nyirasenge, ashobora kuba arwaye indwara ya Alzheimer. Cyangwa se wenda ushishikajwe no kumenya byinshi kuri iyi ndwara. Alzheimer ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu ndwara yo kwibagirwa, aho ubuhanga bwo gutekereza nko kwibuka, gukemura ibibazo, no kuvuga bugenda bugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.
Impamvu ikomeye ishobora gutera indwara ya Alzheimer ni ugusaza. Nubwo imiti iriho ubu ishobora kugenzura ibimenyetso ku rugero runaka, ntabwo ishobora guhagarika burundu iyo ndwara. Niyo mpamvu abashakashatsi barimo gushaka uburyo bushya bwo kuvura bushobora kugabanya iterambere ry’iyi ndwara. Uyu munsi, turavuga kuri bubiri muri ubu buryo butera imbaraga ubwonko. Mu magambo make, ubu buryo bwo kuvura bukoresha amashanyarazi cyangwa imiraba ya rukuruzi kugira ngo "bufungure" cyangwa "buzimye" ibikorwa by'ibice bimwe na bimwe by'ubwonko.
Uburyo bwo kuvura bwa rTMS (Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) ni iki?
Ubu ni bumwe mu buryo bushya bwo kuvura abarwayi ba Alzheimer. Bukubiyemo gukoresha magnet yo hanze kugira ngo bukore igice runaka cy'ubwonko, nta kubagwa. Byitwa "repetitive" kuko ubuvuzi bukorwa iminsi itanu mu cyumweru, buri munsi mu byumweru bine kugeza kuri bitandatu.
Tekereza wicaye mu ntebe isanzwe. Umuganga agushyize ku mutwe urusaku rw'amashanyarazi. Iyo rumaze gukoreshwa, wumva nk'aho tukanawak nto irimo kukubita ku gahanga kawe n'ijwi rya "click" "click" rimara amasegonda make. Ntibisaba ikinya (gutera ibisebe mu mutwe). Kubera ko atari ukubaga, bishobora gukorerwa mu biro bya muganga cyangwa kwa muganga.
Ntabwo byumvikana neza 100% uburyo rTMS ikora mu by’ukuri ku barwayi ba Alzheimer. Abashakashatsi bemeza ko gukangura ubwonko muri ubu buryo bishobora kwihutisha cyangwa kugabanya imikorere y’ubwonko ijyanye no kwibuka no gutekereza.
Ibi byagenze neza gute?
Kugira ngo ubuvuzi bwa rTMS bugere ku ntego nyinshi, byagaragaye ko gukangura ubwonko hakoreshejwe inshuro nke byagaragaye ko bigabanya imikorere y'ubwonko, mu gihe gukangura ubwonko hakoreshejwe inshuro nyinshi byagaragaye ko byongera imikorere yabwo. Nanone, agace k'ubwonko kigenewe kuvurwamo ndetse n'indi miti yose umurwayi afata bishobora kugira ingaruka ku musaruro.
Muri rusange, gukangura abantu inshuro nyinshi byagaragaye ko bigira akamaro cyane ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kwibagirwa cyoroheje kurusha abafite ikibazo cyo kwibagirwa gikomeye. Hari igihe ibisubizo byiza bihita bigaragara nyuma yo kuvurwa, ariko kuri bamwe, bishobora gufata ibyumweru 6 kugira ngo babone ibisubizo. Ibi byiza bishobora kumara amezi 3 cyangwa arenga.
Hari igihe ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwa rTMS buba ari uburyo bwo kwigisha ubwonko ibijyanye no gutekereza.Bikorerwa hamwe. Ni ukuvuga gutanga ibikorwa bitandukanye n'imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo binoze imikorere y'ubwonko. Iyo ibi byombi bikorewe hamwe, umusaruro mwiza uba ubonetse, cyane cyane ku barwayi ba Alzheimer boroheje kugeza ku bari hagati.
Icy'ingenzi ni uko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abarwayi ba Alzheimer barwaye indwara yo kwiheba. rTMS ni uburyo bwemewe na FDA bwo kuvura indwara yo kwiheba. Kubwibyo, biragoye kumenya niba inyungu zo kuvura rTMS ku barwayi ba Alzheimer ziterwa n'indwara nyayo cyangwa ihungabana rijyanye nayo.
| Ingaruka mbi n'ingorane zo kuvurwa na rTMS | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ingaruka zisanzwe | Kubabara ahantu hakururwa n'umukuru, gucika intege mu rwasaya, mu mutwe, cyangwa mu maso, kuribwa umutwe, no kuzungera bishobora kubaho. |
| Ingaruka mbi zikomeye ariko zidasanzwe | Gufatwa n'indwara zo mu mutwe bishobora kubaho gake cyane. Nta byinshi birazwi ku ngaruka mbi z'igihe kirekire kugeza ubu. |
| Ibibazo bijyanye n'ingorane | Nk’uko bamwe mu bashakashatsi babivuga, hari impungenge ko gukangura umubiri inshuro nyinshi bishobora kongera indwara ya Alzheimer. Hakenewe ubushakashatsi bw’inyongera kuri ibi. |
Gukangura Ubwonko Bwimbitse (DBS) ni iki?
Bitandukanye na rTMS, DBS ni uburyo bwo kuvura busaba kubagwa ubwonko. Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye. Muri ubu buryo bwo kubaga, hashyirwamo electrode ebyiri mu bwonko bwawe. Kimwe n'icyuma gifasha mu gupaza umutima, moteri ebyiri nto zigenzura izi electrode zishyirwa munsi y'uruhu rw'igituza cyawe.
Mbere yo kubagwa, uzakorerwa isuzuma rya MRI mu mutwe wawe. Uzaba uri maso mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Ntugahangayike, umutwe wawe uzaba ufite ibinure (anesthesia yo mu gace) bityo ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose. Kubera ko ubwonko butumva ububabare, muganga ashobora gukoresha amashusho ya MRI kugira ngo ashyire electrodes ahantu heza. Hanyuma, uzashyirwa munsi y'ikinya rusange hanyuma icyuma gitera imiti n'insinga bizihuza na electrodes zo mu bwonko bwawe bizashyirwa mu gituza cyawe. Nyuma yo kubagwa, iki gikoresho kizatanga uburyo bwo gukomeza gukangura ubwonko bwawe.
Ubuvuzi bwa DBS bwakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu kuvura ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Parkinson, nko gutigita no gukomera. Nyuma y'uko umurwayi umwe wavuwe na DBS kubera umubyibuho ukabije agaragaje ko yibuka neza, abashakashatsi batangiye gukora iperereza niba bushobora no gukoreshwa ku ndwara ya Alzheimer.
Ibi byagenze neza gute?
Ubushakashatsi bwa mbere bwerekanye ko DBS ari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ariko, kugira ngo igende neza biterwa n'urwego rw'indwara ndetse na gahunda yo kuyivura (agace k'ubwonko kigamije, imbaraga z'uburyo bwo kuyitera imbaraga).
Muri rusange, ubuvuzi bwa DBS bugira akamaro cyane iyo bukoreshejwe mu ntangiriro z'iyi ndwara (Alzheimer's mu cyiciro cya mbere) . Abantu basanzwemo nyuma y'imyaka 65 (batangiye nyuma y'igihe gito) bashobora kubyaza umusaruro, bivuze ko iyi ndwara ishobora kugabanya ikwirakwira ryayo. Ariko igitangaje ni uko abantu basanzwemo mbere y'imyaka 65 (batangiye mbere y'igihe gito) batabonye inyungu nini muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura.
| Ingaruka mbi n'ingorane zo kuvurwa na DBS | |
|---|---|
| Ingorane zijyanye no kubagwa | |
| Kubagwa bishobora gutera kuva amaraso, kwandura indwara, no kudakora neza kw'ibikoresho byo mu gituza. | |
| Ingaruka mbi ziterwa no gukangura | |
| |
| Izindi ngaruka mbi zishobora kubaho | |
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Ingaruka zimwe na zimwe (kubabara umutwe, impiswi, kuruka) zizagabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita, ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ko DBS ari uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora guteza akaga.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara ya Alzheimer ikomeza kwiyongera. Nubwo imiti ikoreshwa ubu ishobora kugenzura ibimenyetso, ntabwo ishobora gukiza iyo ndwara.
- rTMS ni uburyo bwo gukangura ubwonko butarimo kubaga, kandi bufite ingaruka nke, bushobora kugirira akamaro abantu bari mu ntangiriro z'indwara, ariko buracyari mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi.
- DBS ni uburyo bukomeye kandi buteje akaga busaba kubagwa ubwonko. Bushobora kandi gufasha abantu bamwe na bamwe mu ntangiriro z'iyi ndwara, ariko ntabwo bukoreshwa cyane.
- Ubu buryo bwombi bwo kuvura buracyari igerageza ku ndwara ya Alzheimer kandi ntabwo ari uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura.
- Igikuru ni uko niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ya Alzheimer, mbere yo gufata icyemezo cy’uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kuvura, ganira na muganga wawe witonze kandi usobanukirwe uburyo bukwiriye umurwayi.
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