Reka twige ibyerekeye Mitral Valve Prolapse.

Ese hari igihe wumva igituza cyawe kirimo gutera, ukagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka ndetse no mu gihe uri kugenda urugendo rugufi, cyangwa wumva unaniwe umunsi wose? Nubwo abantu benshi batekereza ko ibi ari ibintu bisanzwe, rimwe na rimwe hashobora kuba hari ikibazo gito mu mutima inyuma y'ibi. Mitral Valve Prolapse ni indwara igaragara mu bantu benshi, ariko akenshi ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye. Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi.

Mu magambo make, Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) ni iki?

Tekereza umutima wawe nk'inzu ifite ibyumba bine. Hariho inzugi hagati y'ibi byumba zemerera amaraso gutemba. Izi nzugi nizo twita "valve" mu buvuzi. Ni nk'inzugi zifunguka inzira imwe gusa.

Valve ya Mitral ni urugi ruri hagati y’icyumba cyo hejuru (atrium y’ibumoso) n’icyumba cyo hasi (ventricle y’ibumoso) ku ruhande rw’ibumoso rw’umutima wawe. Iyi valve irafungura kandi igafunga buri gihe umutima wawe ukubita, ikagenzura urujya n’uruza rw’amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni mu cyerekezo gikwiye.

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) ni indwara aho udupapuro tubiri tw’iyi valve tudafunga neza ahubwo tugasubira inyuma, yerekeza ku gice cy’ibumoso cy’inyuma. Ni nk’urugi rudafunga neza kandi rusubira inyuma gato. Ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kubuza valve gufunga burundu.

Ariko ntugahangayike. Iyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane, ifata hagati ya 2% na 3% by'abatuye isi. Abantu benshi ntibazi ko bayirwaye kuko nta bimenyetso bafite. Ibyo biterwa nuko valve igoramye gato, ariko iracyakora neza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso umuntu ufite MVP ashobora kugira?

Nubwo abantu benshi badafite ibimenyetso, hari abantu bashobora kubibona. Ibi bimenyetso ntibibaho kimwe kuri bose.

Kuki ikintu nk'iki kibaho?

Impamvu nyamukuru ya MVP ni intege nke z'imitsi y'amaraso. Mu buvuzi, ibi byitwa "myxomatous degeneration". Muri make, imitsi y'amaraso iracika intege kandi irakomera, nk'umukandara ushaje. Impamvu nyayo ntiboneka buri gihe.

• Umurage: Hari igihe iyo bigeze mu muryango, bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bana. Ibi bivuze ko hari ingaruka ku miterere y'umubiri.
• Izindi ndwara: Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe zo mu ngingo zibasira umubiri baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara ya MVP. Urugero, indwara nka Marfan syndrome na Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
• Izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera ibyago: Abantu bafite indwara nk'indwara z'umutima za rubagimpande, scoliosis, n'indwara ya Graves nabo bafite ibyago byinshi.

Ese ibi bishobora guteza izindi ngorane?

Nubwo abantu benshi batagira ingorane iyo ari yo yose, hari abantu bamwe, cyane cyane abafite indwara ikomeye kurushaho, bashobora kugira ibibazo bimwe na bimwe.

Ingorane nyamukuru ni indwara yitwa Mitral Regurgitation . Ibi bibaho iyo valve idafunze neza, bigatuma amaraso ava mu cyerekezo kitari cyo, ava mu gice cy'ibumoso asubira mu gice cy'ibumoso. Iyo uku gusohoka kwiyongereye, umutima ugomba gukora cyane.

Iyo Mitral Regurgitation ibaye ikomeye, hashobora kubaho ingorane zikurikira:

• Umutima unanirwa
• Kwandura kwa valve (`Infectious endocarditis`)
• Umutima utari umeze neza, urugero `(Atrial fibrillation)`
• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Ni gake cyane, kutumvikana gukomeye k'umutima (`Ventricular arrhythmias`) bishobora gutera urupfu rutunguranye rw'umutima.

Ubibona ute, Muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe n'uko hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara y'umutima. Hanyuma azagutega amatwi mu gituza akoresheje stethoscope.

Iyo umuganga yumva umutima w'umuntu urwaye MVP, ashobora kumva ijwi ridasanzwe. Ni ijwi rya 'click', rigakurikirwa n'ijwi rya 'whoosh' (murmur) . Niyo mpamvu bamwe bita iki kibazo 'click-murmur syndrome'.

Numva iyi jwi, muganga wawe azagusaba ibindi bipimo byinshi kugira ngo yemeze iyo ndwara kandi amenye ubukana bwayo.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Inkuru nziza ni uko abantu benshi bafite MVP badakeneye ubuvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose . Muganga wawe azakubwira kuza kwisuzumisha buri gihe. Muri izo nshuro, azagukorera echocardiogram kugira ngo arebe niba imiterere y'agapira k'umutima yarahindutse.

• Imiti ivura ibimenyetso: Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kuzungera no kubabara mu gatuza, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nka beta-blockers kugira ngo ubigenzure.
• Imiti yo kwirinda kubyimba kw'amaraso: Niba ufite indwara nka atrial fibrillation cyangwa warigeze kugira stroke mbere, uzahabwa imiti yitwa anticoagulants kugira ngo wirinde kubyimba kw'amaraso.
• Kubagwa: Iyo gusubira inyuma bikomeye kandi bikagira ingaruka ku mutima, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa.
• Gusana valve ya Mitral: Igihe cyose bishoboka, abaganga bazagerageza gusana valve yawe. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza.
• Gusimbuza valve ya Mitral: Iyo valve yangiritse cyane ku buryo idashobora gusanwa, amahitamo ni ukuyisimbuza valve nshya (ya mekanike cyangwa iya biyoloji).

Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo muri iki gihe, ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora gukorwa binyuze mu gukata gato (kubaga gake cyane) hatabayeho gufungura igituza burundu.

Namenya nte ko nanjye nzakenera kubagwa?

Si abantu bose bafite MVP bakeneye kubagwa. Hafi umuntu umwe ku icumi azakenera kubagwa. Ushobora gukenera kubagwa niba:

• Niba ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita .
• Iyo valve irimo kuva amaraso (gusubira inyuma) ku rugero rukabije .
• Niba scan zigaragaza ko umutima wagutse (`ventricular y'ibumoso cyangwa atrial y'ibumoso`).
• Niba ufite umutima utari umeze neza (arrhythmia).
• Iyo umutima udashobora kohereza amaraso ahagije mu mubiri (igice cyo gusohora amaraso kiragabanuka).

Ni ryari nkwiye gushaka ubufasha bwihutirwa kwa muganga?

Menya neza ko ujya kwisuzumisha buri gihe nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse. Ariko, niba ibimenyetso bikurikira bigaragaye mu buryo butunguranye, jya kwa muganga wita ku barwayi ba ETU byihutirwa .

• Ububabare bukabije mu gituza butunguranye.
• Gutakaza ubwenge, isereri ikabije, cyangwa intege nke zikabije.
• Guhumeka bigoranye cyane kandi mu buryo butunguranye.
• Niba ufata imiti ibuza amaraso kuzura kandi ukagira impanuka nko kugwa , jya kwa muganga vuba, nubwo nta gikomere kigaragara inyuma, kuko hari ibyago byo kuva amaraso imbere.