Ese ibintu byose bigomba kuba bitunganye kandi bitunganye? Reka tuvuge kuri OCPD (Indwara y'umuntu ukunda kwibanda ku bintu bidasanzwe)!

Ese wigeze ubona ukuntu abantu bamwe bashishikajwe no gushyira ibintu byose mu buryo, ibintu byose uko babyifuza, nta nenge na imwe? Hari igihe, iyo ibi bintu birengeje urugero, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwabo no ku mibanire yabo. Ibyo nibyo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi.

OCPD ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Mu magambo make, OCPD (Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder) ni indwara yo mu mutwe aho umuntu ashishikazwa no gushaka gutungana, gushyira ibintu mu murongo no kugenzura ibintu . Iyi myitwarire n'uburyo bwo gutekereza bituma bigorana gukora mu buzima bwa buri munsi no gukomeza kugirana umubano mwiza n'abandi.

Tekereza, ufite inshuti ikomeza ibintu byose mu nzu ye neza ntagire icyo akora. Iyo akuye igitabo ku meza akagisoma, agomba kugisubiza aho cyari kiri, uko cyari kiri kose. Bitabaye ibyo, araruhuka cyane. Iyo atangiye igikorwa, nta n'ikosa na rito rishobora kubaho. Niyo mpamvu adashobora kurangiza imirimo imwe n'imwe.

Abantu bafite OCPD bafite imyizerere ikomeye cyane . Bakora ibintu uko babyifuza. Ntibashaka guhindura ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose. Bagorwa no kumvikana n'abandi. Akenshi abantu bafite OCPD ntibatekereza ko hari ikibazo kiri mu myitwarire yabo cyangwa uburyo batekereza. Ni ibisanzwe kuri bo.

OCPD ibarirwa mu ndwara zo mu mutwe za "Cluster C" . Ibimenyetso by'iri tsinda birimo guhangayika no gutinya .

Ese OCPD na OCD ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye? Reka dukemure uru rujijo!

Abantu benshi bavanga amagambo OCPD na OCD. Nubwo asa, mu by'ukuri ni indwara ebyiri zitandukanye.

OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) ni indwara yo guhangayika . Muri iyi ndwara, umuntu agira ibitekerezo bidakenewe kandi byinjira mu buzima bwe (obsessions) . Kugira ngo agabanye stress iterwa n'ibyo bitekerezo, akora ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe inshuro nyinshi (compulsions) . Urugero, gucana itara kenshi cyangwa gukaraba intoki kenshi.

Igikuru ni uko abantu benshi barwaye OCD bazi ko imyitwarire yabo iterwa n’iyi ndwara. Banemera kandi ko bakeneye kuvurwa. Ariko, abantu barwaye OCPD akenshi ntibaba bafite ubumenyi buhagije ku myitwarire yabo. Batekereza ko ibyo bakora ari byo bikwiye.

Tekereza, Nimal arwaye OCD. Akaraba intoki ze inshuro zigera kuri makumyabiri ku munsi kuko afite ubwoba bukabije bwa mikorobe. Azi ko ibi atari ibisanzwe, bityo asaba inama kwa muganga. Ku rundi ruhande, Kamala afite OCPD. Abika ikaramu yose n'urupapuro rwose ku meza y'ibiro bye kugeza kuri milimetero. Iyo umuntu ayimuyeho gato, ararakara. Yibwira ko ari umuntu usanzwe, kandi abandi bose ni abajura. Urabyumva itandukaniro?

Ni nde ushobora kwibasirwa cyane na OCPD?

Ubusanzwe indwara ya OCPD itangira mu myaka ya nyuma y’ubwangavu cyangwa mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya 20. Ku bijyanye n’urwego rw’uburezi, hari ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bafite impamyabumenyi y’amashuri yisumbuye cyangwa munsi yayo.

Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe bikurikira bashobora kurwara OCPD:

• Indwara zo guhangayika (hafi 24%), nk'indwara yo guhangayika n'indwara yo guhangayika rusange .
• Indwara z'amarangamutima ( hafi 24%), urugero , indwara y'ibicurane .
• Indwara zo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge zoroshye kugeza ku rugero rwo hagati (12% kugeza 25%).

OCPD ikunze kugaragara gute?

Dukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, OCPD ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu baturage muri rusange. Ishobora gufata abantu bakuru bari hagati ya 3% na 8% .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya OCPD? Ese nawe urabihura nabyo?

Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga OCPD ni ugukunda gahunda, gutungana, kugenzura, n'uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora ibintu . Iyi myitwarire ishobora gutuma bigorana kurangiza imirimo no guteza ibibazo mu mibanire n'abandi. Ibimenyetso bya OCPD akenshi bitangirira mu bwana.

Umuntu urwaye OCPD ashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Guhangayikishwa cyane n'ibisobanuro birambuye, amategeko, urutonde, gahunda, n'uburyo ibintu bikorwamo , no gushimangira ko bikomeza kuba uko. Mu by'ukuri, iyo ikintu gito kitagenze neza ku "Rutonde rw'ibikorwa byabo," bishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye.
• Gushaka gukora ibintu byose neza ni ukudashobora kurangiza umurimo. Urugero, niba utangiye kwandika inyandiko, ntuzayirangiza kugeza igihe itunganye 100%. Ibi bishobora gutuma unanirwa kuyitanga ku gihe.
• Kwiyemeza cyane gukora no gutanga umusaruro . Ibi bituma umuntu abura ibyo akora kandi akamarana umwanya muto n'abo akunda. Bigera aho uvuga uti: "Akazi ni ko kanjye kose, nta kindi kintu mfite."
• Gushidikanya cyane no kutiyemeza gufata icyemezo. Bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo ufate ibyemezo bito n'ibito.
• Kwitonda cyane ku kwirinda ibintu ubona ko bizagutera gutsindwa .
• Kuba umuntu udakomera kandi utava ku izima ku myizerere ye n'uburyo akora ibintu .
• Kudashaka kwemera ibyo umuntu ashaka. Hashobora kubaho imyitwarire nk'iyi igira iti "Ibyo mvuga ni ukuri, nta yindi nzira ihari."
• Kudashaka guta ibintu byangiritse cyangwa bidafite akamaro , nubwo nta gaciro bifite mu marangamutima. Ushobora kubikusanya utekereza uti "Nzabikenera umunsi umwe."
• Korana n'abandi cyangwaBiragoye guha abandi imirimo, keretse iyo bakoze ibintu neza neza nk'uko babibwiwe.
• Gushyira umutima cyane ku gitekerezo kimwe, inshingano, cyangwa ukwemera .
• Kubona ibintu byose nk' "umukara cyangwa umweru" (ibitekerezo bitandukanye) . Ni ukuvuga ko ikintu runaka kiba cyiza cyangwa kitari cyo rwose. Ntibabona ikibazo kiri hagati yabyo.
• Kugorwa no kwihanganira kunengwa . Nubwo umuntu yavuga ikintu gito, aragifata nk'ikintu gikomeye.
• Kwibanda cyane ku ntege nke z'abandi .

Urebye bwa mbere, abantu bafite OCPD bashobora kugaragara nk'abizewe cyane, bafite gahunda kandi bafite ubuhanga buhanitse. Imiterere yabo yo hejuru ishobora kuba ingirakamaro mu mirimo imwe n'imwe. Ariko, kudashobora kumvikana no kudashaka guhindura imyitwarire akenshi bigira ingaruka mbi ku mibanire yabo.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera OCPD?

Indwara z'imico, harimo na OCPD, ni zimwe mu ndwara zidasobanutse neza mu rwego rw'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Abashakashatsi baracyagerageza kumenya impamvu nyayo y’iyi ndwara, ariko bemeza ko iterwa n’ibintu bitandukanye. Bibiri mu by’ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Genetike: Abahanga mu bya siyansi bavumbuye gene idakora neza bizera ko ishobora kuba igize uruhare muri OCPD. Ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa ku isano iri hagati ya genetike n'imico nk'ubugizi bwa nabi, guhangayika, n'ubwoba. Iyo umuntu mu muryango afite ikibazo cy'imico, guhangayika, cyangwa kwiheba, abandi bashobora kurwara OCPD.
• Ihungabana ry’abana: Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje isano iri hagati y’ibintu bibabaza, nko guhohoterwa n’abana, n’ingaruka z’ibibazo by’imico.

Wamenya ute neza ko ufite OCPD? (Isuzuma)

Gusuzuma indwara ya OCPD bishobora kugorana kuko abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara ntibamenya ko hari ikibazo kiri mu myitwarire yabo cyangwa imitekerereze yabo.

Iyo basabye ubufasha, ni ukuvura imihangayiko cyangwa kwiheba biterwa n'ibibazo biterwa n'indwara ya OCPD (urugero, gutakaza akazi, gusenyuka kw'imibanire), ntabwo ari OCPD ubwayo.

Iyo inzobere mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe , nk’inzobere mu by’indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa inzobere mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu, bakeka ko hari umuntu ufite OCPD, akenshi babaza ibibazo rusange . Intego ni ukugira ngo umurwayi avuge ku mugaragaro nta kumurwanya cyangwa ngo amurwanye. Babaza ibibazo kugira ngo bakusanye amakuru ku bintu nka:

• Imibanire
• Amateka y'akazi
• Gupima ukuri
• Kugenzura impulse

Kubera ko umuntu ukekwaho kuba afite OCPD ashobora kubura ubumenyi ku myitwarire ye, abahanga mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bakunze kuvugana n’umuryango n’inshuti z’uwo muntu kugira ngo bakusanye amakuru arambuye ku myitwarire ye n’amateka ye.

Abatanga serivisi z'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bapima indwara zo mu mutwe hakurikijwe ibipimo biboneka mu gitabo cy’ubuvuzi n’imibare cy’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika ryita ku ndwara zo mu mutwe (DSM) (mu magambo make, ni cyo gitabo cy’ingenzi abaganga bakoresha mu gushyira mu byiciro indwara zo mu mutwe).

Kugira ngo umuntu agaragarweho OCPD, agomba kuba ahora ahangayikishijwe n'ibi bikurikira:

• Gutumiza
• Gushaka gutungana
• Kwigenzura ubwabo, abandi n'imimerere

Iyi gahunda igomba kugaragaza imyitwarire ine cyangwa irenga mu rutonde rw'ibimenyetso twavuzeho mbere.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura OCPD?

Akenshi, abantu bafite OCPD ntibatekereza ko imyitwarire yabo idafite ikibazo. Ariko, bashobora gushaka ubufasha mu gihe babangamiwe n'ikindi kibazo.

Ubusanzwe, ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe , cyangwa ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga, ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe. Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ugufasha umurwayi kumenya impamvu n'ubwoba biri inyuma y'ibitekerezo bye n'imyitwarire ye. Byongeye kandi, bashobora kwiga kubana neza n'abandi.

Uburyo bubiri bwihariye bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe bushobora gufasha abantu bafite OCPD ni ubu:

• Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze: Ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi bwibanda ku mizi y'imitekerereze y'ihungabana ry'amarangamutima. Binyuze mu kwisuzuma no kwisuzuma , umukiriya areba imibanire n'imyitwarire ifite ibibazo mu buzima bwe, akiyumva neza, kandi akagerageza guhindura uburyo afitanye isano n'abandi n'ibidukikije.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu bwenge (CBT): Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite gahunda kandi bushingiye ku ntego . Umuvuzi cyangwa inzobere mu by'imitekerereze y'abantu afasha umurwayi gusuzuma mu buryo bwimbitse ibitekerezo bye n'amarangamutima ye. Bamenya uburyo ibitekerezo bye bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa bye. Binyuze muri CBT, umuntu urwaye OCPD ashobora kwigira (kwigira) ibitekerezo n'imyitwarire mibi no kwiga guteza imbere imitekerereze n'ingeso nziza.

Nubwo nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe buhari, hari imiti ivura kwiheba no guhangayika, rimwe na rimwe ishobora kubaho icyarimwe ku bantu bafite OCPD.Kuvura izi ndwara bishobora no koroshya kuvura OCPD.

Ese OCPD ishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo OCPD idashobora kwirindwa burundu, kuvurwa bishobora kugabanya ibibazo byinshi bijyana na byo . Gushaka ubufasha ibimenyetso bikimara kugaragara bishobora kugabanya ihungabana ku buzima bw'umuntu, umuryango we n'inshuti ze.

Ni iki giteganyijwe ku ndwara ya OCPD?

Uko OCPD ihagaze biterwa no kuba ubuvuzi bukenewe cyangwa butakenewe .

Iyo itavuwe, OCPD ishobora gutera ibintu nk'ibi:

• Imibanire mibi
• Ingorane z'akazi
• Imikorere mibi mu mibereho y'abantu

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka ni uko OCPD ari indwara yo mu mutwe. Kimwe n'izindi ndwara zose zo mu mutwe, gushaka ubufasha vuba ibimenyetso bikigaragara bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibibazo mu buzima bwawe. Abahanga mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bashobora kuguha gahunda zo kugufasha gucunga ibitekerezo byawe n'imyitwarire yawe.

Abakunzi b'abantu barwaye OCPD nabo bashobora kugira stress kenshi, depression, no kwigunga . Ni ngombwa kwita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no gushaka ubufasha niba ufite ibi bimenyetso.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe by'ingenzi cyane (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, twaganiriye cyane kuri OCPD uyu munsi. Dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka muri iyi nkuru:

• OCPD ni indwara ikomeye yo mu mutwe. Ntukayifate nk'ikintu cyoroshye.
• Abantu bafite iyi ndwara akenshi ntibabona ikibazo mu myitwarire yabo, ariko bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwabo n'ubw'ababakikije.
• OCPD na OCD ni indwara ebyiri zitandukanye. Ntuzivange.
• Ni ngombwa kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare no gushaka ubufasha ku mujyanama w’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe w’umuhanga. Ubuvuzi nk’ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe bushobora gutanga ihumure rikomeye.
• Niba ufite umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yawe irwaye OCPD, fata neza ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe mu gihe umufasha. Shaka ubufasha ubwawe niba ubukeneye.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine. Hari abantu bashobora gufasha mu bihe nk'ibi.

OCPD , ibibazo by'imico, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, gutunganirwa, gahunda, kugenzura, ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe