Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva ububabare mu gituza, isesemi ? Cyangwa uhura n'ingorane zo guhumeka iyo uzamuka ingazi? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bito bigaragaza ko imitsi y'amaraso (imitsi) mu mutima wacu yazibye gato. Nubwo abantu benshi batinya "indwara y'umutima", bitewe n'iterambere ry'ubuvuzi muri iki gihe, hari uburyo bwo gukuraho izi nzitizi nta kubagwa gukomeye. Niyo mpamvu tuvuga ku buryo bw'ingenzi cyane kandi bugezweho bwo kuvura muri iki gihe.
PCI ni iki? Mu magambo make...
PCI, bisobanura Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , ni uburyo bworoshye bwo kwa muganga bukoreshwa mu gukuraho imitsi y'umutima ifungana itanga amaraso mu mutima. Ushobora kuba warumvise bavuga ko ari "angioplasty." Iryo ni izina rya kera ryabyo.
Tekereza umuyoboro w'amazi mu nzu yacu ufunze umwanda, amazi agatemba buhoro cyane, sibyo? Uko ni ko ibintu nk'ibinure na cholesterol byinjira mu mitsi y'umutima wacu, bikabuza amaraso gutembera. Mu kuvura PCI, agakoresho gato cyane kameze nk'agapira gashyirwa mu mitsi yazibye, kakabyimba, maze imitsi igafungurwa.
Akenshi, umuyoboro muto w’imitsi, witwa stent, ushyirwa burundu mu mitsi kugira ngo idakomeza gufunga. Inyinshi muri stent zikoreshwa muri iki gihe ni ubwoko bwihariye busohora buhoro buhoro umuti kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kongera gufunga imitsi. Izi stent zitwa drug-eluting stents .
Ni nde koko ukeneye ubu buvuzi?
Iyo urukurikirane rw'ibinure n'amavuta byibumbiye mu miyoboro y'amaraso y'umutima wawe, mu buvuzi tubyita atherosclerosis . Uru rukurikirane rw'ibinure turwita plaque . Iyi ndwara igabanya amaraso yinjira mu mutima wawe. Iki ni cyo gihe ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:
- Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa gufungana (angina)
- Guhumeka bigoranye
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, PCI ikorwa byihutirwa nk'ubuvuzi burokora ubuzima bw'umuntu wagize indwara y'umutima, kuko ishobora gufungura vuba imitsi yazibye no kugabanya kwangirika k'umutima.
Uburyo bwo kuvura PCI bukorwa bute? Reka turebe intambwe ku yindi
Ubu buvuzi bukorwa n'inzobere mu by'umutima. Uzahabwa imiti igufasha gusinzira no gutuza muri iki gihe. Bityo ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose, ariko uzaba ufite ubwenge. Reka dusobanure uko ubu buryo bukora.
| Intambwe | Ni iki kiri kuba? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kubona uburenganzira bwo kwinjira | Muganga acukura umwobo muto cyane mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa mu itako ryo hejuru, maze agashyiramo umuyoboro muto (agatambaro) akawunyuzamo mu mitsi y'amaraso. |
| 2. Kohereza catheter | Binyuze muri uwo muyoboro, umuyoboro mwiza kurushaho witwa catheter, woherezwa mu mitsi yazibye mu mutima. |
| 3. Gutahura inzitizi | Ubwoko bwihariye bw'irangi (irangi ritandukanye) buraterwa, kandi ikoranabuhanga rya X-ray rikoreshwa mu kureba amashusho ari imbere mu mitsi. Kimwe na filime. Hanyuma ushobora kubona neza aho bloki iri. |
| 4. Gufungura umutsi | Mu gushyira agapira gato ku isonga rya catheter, urwego rw'ibinure rwafashwe rushyirwa ku rukuta rw'imitsi, bigatuma amaraso atembera neza. |
| 5. Gushyira stent | Kugira ngo hirindwe ko imitsi yongera kugabanuka, nibiba ngombwa, hashyirwamo stent aho hantu. |
| 6. Kurangiza | Katheteri irakurwaho hanyuma aho umuntu ayinjizamo hagafungwa hakoreshejwe igitambaro cyo gukanda cyangwa udushumi duto. |
Ubu buryo bwose bushobora gufata hagati y'iminota 30 n'amasaha abiri, bitewe n'ingano y'aho imitsi yawe yazibye.
Ese buri wese ashobora kubona ubu buvuzi?
Oya. Wowe na muganga wawe muzakenera gufata icyemezo hamwe ku buryo bwo kuvura bukubereye. Niba ukeneye PCI, imiti yonyine, cyangwa kubagwa bikomeye (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft - CABG) bizaterwa n'ibintu byinshi. Urugero, umubare w'imitsi yazibye, uko umutima wawe ukora, ndetse niba ufite izindi ndwara.
Ibyiza, ingaruka, n'igihe cyo gukira
Nk’uko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, ubu buvuzi bufite ibyiza n’ingaruka nto.
Ibyiza by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:
- Gusubiza amaraso mu mutima mu buryo bwiza.
- Ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gatuza no kubura umwuka birashira.
- Ntibyoroshye nko kubagwa bypass no gukira igihe gito.
Ingaruka zishobora kubaho:
- Kuva amaraso cyangwa kwandura aho catheter ishyirwa.
- Indwara y'amaraso iratangira kwibasira imbere muri stent (hatangwa imiti igabanya amaraso kugira ngo ibi bitagenda neza).
- Umutsi umwe wongera kuziba (ariko ibi byago biri munsi ya 5% bitewe n'umuti utera stent).
- Ni gake cyane, indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi itera stroke.
Ubusanzwe ushobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe mu cyumweru kimwe nyuma yo gufata PCI. Ariko, ushobora kureka gukora ibintu nko guterura ibintu biremereye igihe gito. Icy'ingenzi ni ugufata imiti igabanya amaraso (urugero: clopidogrel, ticagrelor) muganga wawe akwandikiye mu gihe cyose cy'imiti, nta munsi n'umwe ubura.
Witondere ibi bimenyetso! Shaka muganga ako kanya!
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira nyuma yo kuvurwa na PCI, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu bitaro bikuru byita ku bibazo byihutirwa (ETU).
- Kuva amaraso, amazi asa n'ibibyimba, cyangwa kubyimba biva aho catheter ishyirwa.
- Kubabara mu gituza (angina) byongeye kubaho.
- Umuriro cyangwa ubukonje.
- Gucika intege cyangwa ubukonje bukabije mu kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru aho catheter yashyizwe.
- Kuzungera cyangwa gucika intege (syncope) .
- Guhumeka bigoranye cyane.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- PCI ni uburyo bugezweho, bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro kanini bukoreshwa mu gufungura imiyoboro y'amaraso yazibye mu mutima.
- Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kurokora ubuzima mu gihe habayeho indwara y'umutima itunguranye.
- Nubwo gukira vuba nyuma yo kuvurwa, ni ngombwa gufata imiti yanditswe na muganga, cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso, mu gihe cyose.
- Kugira ngo hirindwe ko imitsi yo mu mitsi yongera kuziba, ni ngombwa cyane kugira imico myiza nko kureka kunywa itabi, kurya indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
- Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye n'ubuzima bw'umutima wawe, ganira n'umuganga w'indwara z'umutima kandi ufate ibyemezo bikwiye.
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