Reka twige byose ku birebana na platelets - intwari nto mu mibiri yacu!

Iyo utemye urutoki rwawe, amaraso arahagarara nyuma y'igihe gito, si byo se? Cyangwa iyo uvunitse ivi ryawe uri gukina, amaraso apfuka hejuru y'igikomere akagifunga. Ese wigeze wibaza niba ari nde ukora iki kintu gitangaje? Iki mu by'ukuri ni kimwe mu bigize ubwirinzi butangaje mu mubiri wacu. Ni cyo gitera uturemangingo duto cyane, ariko dufite akamaro cyane mu maraso yacu. Mu buvuzi tuyita platelets, cyangwa platelets . Hari n'abantu babyita `(Thrombocytes)`. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri izi ntwari nto.

Mu magambo make, platelets ni iki?

Tekereza nk'agakoresho gato k'ubufasha gasanzwe kaba mu mubiri wawe. Uko ni ko platelets ari. Mu by'ukuri si uturemangingo twuzuye, ni uduce duto ducika ku turemangingo tunini twitwa megakaryocytes mu musokoro wacu w'amagufwa. Ni duto cyane kandi nta bara. Ariko dukora akazi kenshi.

Iyo ufashe igitonyanga cy'amaraso yawe, kiba kirimo ibihumbi icumi by'izi platelets. Kugira ngo imibiri yacu ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza, umubare w'izi platelets ugomba kuba uringaniye neza.

• Umubare muto wa platelet (Trombocytopenia): Iyo ukomeretse, kuva amaraso bishobora kudahagarara kandi ushobora kuva amaraso menshi. Ibi bishobora guteza akaga.
• Iyo platelets ziyongera (Thrombocytosis): Ibi bishobora gutuma amaraso afungana bitari ngombwa, bikaba byakwinjira mu mitsi y'amaraso. Ibi bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nko gutera umutima cyangwa gucika imitsi.

Ibi bivuze ko iyo habayeho umubare ukwiye w’udukoko two mu maraso, kuva amaraso bishobora guhagarara iyo byakomeretse, ndetse bikarinda no kurema ibice by’amaraso bitari ngombwa.

Akamaro k'ingenzi k'udukoko twa platelets ni uguhagarika kuva amaraso.

Inshingano nyamukuru kandi y'ingenzi ya platelets ni uguhagarika kuva amaraso iyo hari icyangiritse kuri imwe mu mitsi yacu y'amaraso, ni ukuvuga igikomere. Iyi nzira tuyita "Hemostasis". Iki ni ikintu kibaho mu buryo butangaje cyane, mu ntambwe nyinshi. Tekereza umuyoboro w'amazi ufite umwobo. Izi platelets zigira akazi nk'agapira dushyiramo kugira ngo tuwufunge.

Dore uko bigenda:

1. Gufata umutsi: Iyo umutsi ukimara gucibwa, uduce duto tw’amaraso, tugenda mu mubiri wose hamwe n’amaraso, twihutira kugera aho byangiritse tugafata ku rukuta rwacitse. Ni nko kubona umwobo ukajya kuwufata.

2. Gukora: Izo platelets zifata zihinduka "activated." Ni ukuvuga ko zihindura imiterere. Zihinduka ziva ku ishusho isa n'iya platelets zijya ku ishusho isa n'iya gitagangurirwa zifite imigozi isohoka. Ayo maguru ashobora gufata inkuta z'igikomere neza kandi izindi platelets zigasohoka neza. Nanone, izi platelets zikora zisohora imiti. Iyi miti yohereza ikimenyetso ku zindi platelets, ivuga iti: "Hari ikibazo hano, ngwino vuba!"

3. Guteranya:Iyo icyo kimenyetso kimaze kwakirwa, izindi platelets ibihumbi n'ibihumbi ziragera aho ziherereye zigakora agace gato. Aka gace gato gafunga igikomere by'agateganyo. Tubyita "Platelet Plug".

Hanyuma, uko izi platelets ziterana, hatangira indi nzira igoye. Byitwa "Coagulation Cascade." Muri ibi, izindi poroteyine mu maraso (ibintu bigabanya amaraso) zihurira hamwe zigakora mesh ikomeye yitwa fibrin . Iyi mesh ya fibrin ikomeza cyane platelets, igakora mesh ikomeye kandi ikomeye y'amaraso. Icyo gihe ni bwo kuva amaraso bihagarara burundu.

Izi platelets ziri he mu mubiri wacu?

Platelets ziboneka cyane cyane ahantu hatatu mu mubiri wacu.

• Umwobo w'amagufwa: Uru ni "uruganda" rw'udukoko twa platelets. Uturemangingo tw'amaraso yacu dukorerwa mu mwobo w'amagufwa, uri mu magufwa yacu. Uturemangingo twa platelets ducibwamo ibice bito n'uturemangingo tunini twitwa "Megakaryocytes" hano hanyuma tugasohorwa mu maraso.
• Amaraso: Iyo ageze mu maraso, izi platelets zinyura mu mubiri wose zinyuze mu miyoboro y'amaraso. Kubera ko zoroshye, ziguma hafi y'inkuta z'imiyoboro y'amaraso. Rero iyo habayeho igikomere, zishobora kugera aho ziherereye vuba.
• Udusimba: Iki ni "ububiko" n'"ikigo cyo kongera gukoresha plaquettes". Hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'udusimba twakorewe mu mubiri wacu tubikwa kandi tukabikwa mu dusimba. Binakuraho kandi bigasubizamo udusimba twashaje kandi twangiritse.

Umuntu muzima agomba kugira plaquette zingahe mu maraso ye?

Umuntu mukuru muzima aba afite hagati ya plaquettes 150.000 na 450.000 kuri mikorolitero imwe (igitonyanga gito cyane cy'amaraso). Ni ngombwa cyane ko uyu mubare uba uri muri izi mbibi.

Igihe cyo kubaho cya platelet ni gito cyane. Platelet irimburwa mu minsi 7 kugeza ku 10. Kubwibyo, umwongo wacu ugomba kongeramo platelet nshya mu maraso buri gihe. Iki ni igikorwa gihoraho.

Ni izihe ndwara z'ingenzi zifitanye isano n'ibinure by'amaraso biva mu maraso?

Indwara nyinshi zijyanye na platelets zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: umubare muto wa platelets cyangwa umubare munini wa platelets.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bigaragaza ko hari ikibazo ku mikorobe (platelets)?

Niba ufite ubusumbane mu mubare wa platelets mu mubiri wawe, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bikurikira. Niba ukomeje kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi, ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga wawe vuba .

Ni gute ugenzura ubuzima bwa platelets?

Niba umuganga wawe afite gushidikanya ku mikorobe yawe, ashobora gukora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo abyemeze.

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Muri Sri Lanka, dukunze kubyita umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (FBC). Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo cy'amaraso yawe no gupima umubare nyawo w'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, na plaquettes ziri muri yo.
• Gusiga amaraso mu maraso (PBS): Ibi bikubiyemo gusiga amaraso make ku kirahuri no kuyareba ukoresheje mikorosikopi. Ibi bituma plaquettes zigaragara mu buryo budasanzwe n'ingano idasanzwe.
• Ibizamini byo Kubumba Amaraso: Ibizamini bigenzura uburyo amaraso yawe yihuta. Ibi bishobora gutanga igitekerezo cy'imikorere y'udupira twa platelets.
• Isuzuma ry’Umwongo w’Amagufwa: Hari igihe hafatwa icyitegererezo gito cy’umusongo w’amagufwa mu igufwa ry’ikibuno hakoreshejwe ikinya kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ibibazo biri mu musongo w’amagufwa, aho uduce duto tw’amaraso dukorerwa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura bene ibyo bibazo?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uko umubare w'amaraso mu mitsi yawe ari hasi cyangwa hejuru, ndetse n'impamvu ari yo.

• Imiti: Niba ufite platelets nyinshi, ushobora guhabwa imiti igabanya umusaruro wazo. Niba platelets nke ziterwa n'ikibazo cy'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, ushobora guhabwa indi miti yo kuvura.
• Aspirine: Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso ku bantu bafite umubare munini wa platelets, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata aspirine nkeya buri munsi.
• Guterwa platelet: Iyo umubare wa platelet uri hasi cyane kandi hakaba hari ibyago byinshi byo kuva amaraso, platelet zakuwe ku muntu muzima zihabwa umubiri binyuze mu maraso.
• Kubaga amenyo: Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, amenyo afata platelets nyinshi cyane kandi zikangiza. Muri ibyo bihe, iyo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura budafashe neza, hashobora kuba ngombwa kubagwa kugira ngo amenyo akurweho.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo plaquettes zikomeze kuba nziza?

Niba usanzwe ufite ikibazo kijyanye na platelet, ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza. Byongeye kandi, ibi bintu muri rusange bifasha mu gutuma platelet zacu zigumana ubuzima bwiza.

• Gabanya kunywa inzoga. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umusemburo w'amagufwa no kugabanya umusaruro wa platelets.
• Irinde kunywa itabi. Kunywa itabi bishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso no kongera uburyo plaquettes zifatana.
• Irinde imiti ihumanya. Guhura n'imiti imwe n'imwe, nk'imiti yica udukoko, bishobora kwangiza umworo w'amagufwa.
• Irinde imvune. Niba umubare w'imitsi yawe iri hasi, ugomba kwitonda cyane kugira ngo wirinde kugwa no gukomereka.