Ese nawe utakaza uburinganire bwawe iyo ugenda kandi ukagira ingorane zo kwimura amaso yawe? Bishobora kuba ari PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)!

Ese ujya utakaza uburimbane bwawe ukagwa buri gihe iyo ugenda? Cyangwa se ujya ubona bigoye kugenzura amaso yawe iyo ugerageje kureba hasi? Wenda wabonye umuntu uzi wagize iki kibazo. Ibi bishobora kuba bimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara idasanzwe yitwa PSP, cyangwa Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho birambuye.

PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Noneho reka turebe icyo iyi ndwara yitwa PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ari cyo. Mu magambo make, ni indwara itera imitsi ikomeza kwangiza ibice by'ubwonko bwacu. Ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bintu nk'uburyo ugenda, uko utekereza, uko umira, n'uko ugenda ukoresha amaso yawe. Ifite andi mazina, harimo na Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome.

Noneho reba, biroroshye niba wumva amwe mu magambo ari muri iryo zina.

• "Gukomeza" bivuze, nkuko nabivuze mbere, ko ibi bimenyetso bigenda birushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Impamvu yabyo ni uko uturemangingo tw’ubwonko ducika intege buhoro buhoro (indwara yo kwangirika kw’imitsi).
• Amagambo "Supranuclear" na "Palsy" ahujwe kugira ngo asobanure indwara igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaso. "Supranuclear" bivuze ko ibyangiritse biri hejuru y'imitsi yo mu bwonko igenzura imigendere y'amaso. "Palsy" bivuze ko imitsi iba ifite intege nke cyangwa igorwa no kuyikoresha.

Wibuke ko PSP rimwe na rimwe ishobora kwitiranywa n'indwara ya Parkinson, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro z'iyi ndwara. Abaganga bayita iyi "syndrome idasanzwe ya parkinson" cyangwa "Parkinson-plus disorder." Ibi bivuze ko nubwo ifite ibimenyetso bisa n'indwara ya Parkinson, ni indwara itandukanye kandi igoye cyane. Ariko wibuke ko PSP ikura vuba kurusha indwara ya Parkinson.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu barengeje imyaka 60. Ni gake cyane ku muntu uri munsi y'imyaka 40 kuyirwara.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Hari ubwoko bune bw'ingenzi bwa PSP. Nubwo ubwo bwoko bwose busangiye ibimenyetso bisanzwe, hari itandukaniro rito. Ubwoko bubiri bukunze kugaragara ni ubu:

1. Indwara ya Richardson

2. Ubwoko bumeze nk'indwara ya Parkinson (ubwoko bumeze nk'ubwa PD - PSP-P)

Ubwo bwoko bubiri buhagarariye hafi 75% by'abarwayi ba PSP.

Umuntu urwaye indwara ya Richardson ashobora kugira ibimenyetso byinshi bikurikira:

• Ibibazo byo kugenda no kuringaniza imikorere.
• Ibitagenda neza mu kuvuga (imvugo idasobanutse neza, impinduka mu ijwi).
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka no gutekereza.
• Kugorwa no kugenzura uko amaso agenda (cyane cyane iyo areba hasi).
• Isura y'umuntu isa n'aho areba imbere afite amaso yagutse.

Abantu bafite indwara ya Parkinson (PSP-P) bafite ibimenyetso bisa n'ibya Richardson syndrome, ariko bisa cyane n'indwara ya Parkinson. Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ukujugumira (gutigita bitewe no gucika intege kw'imitsi). Guhinda umushyitsi ni byo bigaragara cyane kuruta ibibazo byo kuringaniza no guhindura imyitwarire. PSP-P ikira neza imiti irwanya Parkinson kurusha ubundi bwoko bwa PSP.

Izindi nyoni ebyiri zidasanzwe ni izi:

• Indwara ya Corticobasal.
• Akinesia nziza n'ingendo ikoze mu bwonko (kugorwa no kugenda no gukonjesha mu gihe ugenda).

Ese PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ni indwara isanzwe?

Oya, PSP ni indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane. Bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri batanu gusa mu bihumbi ijana ari bo bafite iyi ndwara. Umwe gusa mu bihumbi ijana ni we usanzwe arwaye iyi ndwara buri mwaka. Bityo rero urabona ukuntu iyi ndwara idakunze kugaragara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Ibimenyetso bya PSP bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Akenshi bitangira buhoro buhoro kandi bikarushaho kwiyongera uko imyaka igenda ihita.

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Gutakaza uburinganire iyo ugenda cyangwa uzamuka ingazi. Ibi bishobora gutuma ugwa kenshi, cyane cyane inyuma.
• Kugorwa no kureba hasi n'amaso.
• Isura y'umuntu isa n'aho areba imbere afite amaso yagutse.

Izindi bimenyetso zishobora kugaragara harimo:

• Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo n'ibinyobwa.
• Kugorana kw'imitsi bituma bigorana kwimura umubiri (kwimuka).
• Kugorwa no kuvuga. Ijwi rishobora kuba rito kandi ritameze neza. Bishobora kandi kugorana kuvuga amagambo.
• Ihindagurika ry'amarangamutima: kwiheba, kutita ku bintu, kurakara.
• Impinduka mu miterere y'umuntu.
• Impinduka mu myitwarire: gukora ibintu mu buryo butunguranye, kudashobora guhitamo icyiza n'ikibi.
• Dementia (kugabanuka buhoro buhoro k'ubwenge n'ubwonko).
• Kubura ibitotsi.
• Indwara yo mu mutwe yo mu gihe cyo gusinzira (RBD) (gutaka no gukubita amaguru n'amaboko mu gihe cyo kurota).
• Kumva urumuri rwinshi (photophobia).

Ni iki gitera PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibaramenya neza icyateye PSP. Ariko,Poroteyine yitwa "tau" yagaragaye ko igira uruhare muri ibi. Tau ni poroteyine ifite akamaro kanini ku buzima bw'ubwonko bwacu. Iyi poroteyine ni yo irinda imiterere isanzwe y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko (neurons).

Niba ufite PSP, izi poroteyine za tau mu bwonko bwawe ziraterana zigakora uduce duto. Izi poroteyine za tau zangiza uturemangingo tw'ubwonko. Abashakashatsi batanga impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera ibi:

• Impinduka mu buryo butunguranye mu miterere y'uturemangingo.
• Ibintu bitazwi byanduza indwara.
• Ni ikinyabutabire kitaramenyekana cyabonetse mu bidukikije (umwuka, amazi, ibiryo) cyangiza buhoro buhoro bimwe mu bice by'ubwonko bifite ubushobozi bworoshye bwo kubikora.

PSP ntigira ingaruka ku bantu bose kimwe. Igira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by'ubwonko mu byiciro bitandukanye by'indwara, ku rugero rutandukanye. Amaherezo, PSP ikwirakwira mu bwonko bwinshi. Mu ntangiriro, iyi ndwara ikunze kwibasira ganglia y'ibanze n'umuyoboro w'ubwonko.

Ubwonko bwawe bufite inshingano ku mirimo myinshi y'ingenzi, nko kumira no kwihagararaho. Agatsiko k'inyuma k'umubiri kagufasha kandi kugumana imiterere yawe, kwimura amaso yawe, gutekereza no kugenzura amarangamutima yawe.

Ese PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ni iy'umuragwa?

Oya, PSP ni gake cyane. Niba ufite PSP, ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara ni bike cyane ku bandi bagize umuryango wawe, harimo n'abavandimwe bawe n'abana bawe. Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa na cyo.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera indwara ya PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Impamvu nyamukuru ishobora gutera PSP ni imyaka. Ibyago byawe byo kurwara PSP biriyongera iyo ufite imyaka 60 cyangwa irenga. Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara ku bagabo kurusha abagore.

Ni izihe ngorane za PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Uko PSP ikomeza gutera imbere, abarwayi bakunze kunanirwa kugenzura imitsi yo mu kanwa, mu muhogo no mu rurimi.

Kubura uburyo bwo kugenzura imitsi yo mu muhogo bishobora gutuma bigorana kumira ibiryo n'ibyo kunywa. Ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu akeneye umuyoboro wo kugaburira kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibiryo byafatwa n'indwara zo mu gituza.

Abantu benshi barwaye PSP bafite ibibazo mu mikorere y'amara n'uruhago. Urugero:

• Kwihagarika impatwe.
• Kugorwa no kunyara.
• Kwihagarika inkari kenshi nijoro.
• Kwimuka amara mu buryo butunguranye (kunanirwa kwifata).
• Kunanirwa kwihagarika inkari.

Ni gute PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ipimwa?

PSP ishobora kugora abaganga kuyisuzuma neza. Nkuko nabivuze mbere, ishobora kwitiranywa n'indwara ya Parkinson, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro.Ubu nta kizamini cyihariye gishobora gusuzuma PSP. Abaganga basanzwe bapima indwara bashingiye ku bimenyetso byawe n'ibizamini bifotora ubwonko bwawe.

Niba umuganga wawe akeka ko ufite PSP, ashobora kugutegeka gupima ubwonko bwawe (MRI) (magnetic resonance imaging scan) . Ibi bishobora gukuraho izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso byawe, nka Parkinson's disease cyangwa stroke. Nanone, niba MRI igaragaje ko igabanuka mu bwonko bwo hagati, byongera amahirwe yo kugira PSP.

Kugira ngo umenye neza iyi ndwara, ushobora gukenera kubonana n'inzobere mu ndwara z'imitsi zizwi cyane mu ndwara ya Parkinson n'indwara zo mu mikorere y'umubiri.

Nubwo hari ibimenyetso byinshi bya PSP, ikimenyetso nyamukuru cyemeza ko iyi ndwara ari ukugorwa no kuzunguruka amaso hejuru no hasi. Ibindi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara birimo kugwa kenshi no kugorwa no kumira.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta muti cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura PSP buhari ubu. Ariko, hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso by'indwara no kunoza ubuzima bwawe.

Uburyo bwo kuvura burimo:

• Imiti yo kunywa.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe.
• Kuvura amaso.
• Gukoresha uburyo bwa Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) - binyujijwe mu muyoboro winjijwe mu gifu.
• Ubuvuzi bw'indwara zibabaza.

Hashobora kandi kubaho igeragezwa rya PSP ushobora kwitabira. Baza itsinda ry'abaganga bawe kuri ibi.

Imiti yo kunywa

Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'impanuka rimwe na rimwe ishobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso bya PSP. Ishobora kugabanya by'agateganyo ibimenyetso nko kuringaniza imiterere, kunanuka kw'imitsi, kugenda buhoro, no gutigita. Ariko, ntabwo ikora kimwe kuri buri wese. Imiti isanzwe ya PSP ni iyi:

• Levodopa (urugero: Atamet®, Rytary®, Sinemet®).
• Levodopa ifite imiti igabanya ubukana bwa kolineriji.
• Amantadine (urugero: Symmetrel®).

Imiti igabanya kwiheba ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara yo kwiheba. Abaganga bashobora kukwandikira kugira ngo bagufashe guhangana n'ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe biterwa na PSP. Imiti ikunze kwandikirwa cyane ni iyi:

• Fluoxetine (urugero: Prozac®).
• Amitriptyline (urugero: Elavil®).
• Imipramine (urugero: Tofranil®).

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze (ubuvuzi bwo kuvugana) nabwo ni uburyo bwiza bwo gufasha mu bibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe no kubana n'uburwayi.

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha kugabanya bimwe mu bimenyetso bya PSP:

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri bufasha kugenzura ibintu nko kubabara, kunanuka, no kugorwa no kugendagenda.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Umuvuzi w'akazi ni umuntu ugufasha kunoza ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi. Bashobora kukwigisha guhagarara, kwicara, kugendagenda, cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye kugira ngo ukore akazi kawe mu mutekano.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imivugire: Abavuzi b'imivugire bafasha abantu gutsinda ingorane zo kuvuga no kumira.

Kuvura amaso

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha mu bibazo bitandukanye by'amaso:

• Inshinge za Botox® (uburozi bwa botulinum): Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kugenzura amaso yawe, inshinge za Botox zishobora kuruhura imitsi y'amaso by'agateganyo.
• Ibitonyanga by'amaso n'amarira y'ubukorano: Ibi bishobora gufasha kuroshya amaso yawe niba amaso yawe yumye bitewe no kugabanuka kw'amavuta yo mu maso.
• Indorerwamo zidasanzwe: Indorerwamo zidasanzwe zifite lenti za prism zigufasha kubona ibintu biri munsi y'umurongo wawe.
• Indorerwamo zizunguruka: Niba ukunda urumuri rwinshi, kwambara indorerwamo zijimye zizunguruka amaso yawe, nk'indorerwamo z'izuba, bishobora gutuma uruhuka.

Gastrostomy ya Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)

Iyo PSP ikabije, ushobora kugera aho udashobora kumira ibiryo cyangwa ikinyobwa icyo ari cyo cyose. Ibi bivuze ko utazashobora kurya cyangwa kunywa. Mbere yuko ugera kuri iyo ntambwe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukorerwa percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) .

Muri make, PEG ni uburyo umuganga ubaga ashyira umuyoboro mu nda yawe. Ibiryo byawe, imiti, n'amazi byinjira mu mubiri wawe binyuze muri uyu muyoboro.

Ubuvuzi bw'indwara zo mu mutwe

Ubuvuzi bwo kugabanya ububabare ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura butanga ubutabazi, ihumure, kandi bufasha abantu babana n'indwara zikomeye nka PSP. Ntabwo bufasha umurwayi gusa, ahubwo bufasha n'abamwitaho ndetse n'imiryango ye.

Ubu buvuzi buriyongera ku buvuzi uhabwa n'abaganga bawe kugira ngo bugufashe gucunga PSP yawe. Ubuvuzi bwo kuvura indwara zibabaza butanga ubufasha mu by'ubuvuzi, imibereho myiza, n'imitekerereze ukeneye kugira ngo ubeho neza kandi uhangane n'indwara ikomeye.

Ni iki gipimo cy’indwara ya PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy)? (Igipimo cy’indwara)

Muri rusange, ubwiyongere bw'indwara ya PSP buragabanuka. Ibimenyetso birarushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita, kandi nta muti uhari wo kuyikuraho cyangwa kuyihagarika. Ariko, uko ubimenye vuba ugatangira gahunda yo kuyivura, niko ubuzima bwawe burushaho kuba bwiza.

Abantu benshi barwaye PSP amaherezo bakeneye intebe y'abamugaye. Bashobora gukenera kwitabwaho igihe gito cyangwa igihe cyose mu myaka itatu cyangwa ine nyuma y'uburwayi. Ariko, ibi biratandukanye bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ingorane zituruka kuri PSP zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Imyaka yo kubaho y'umuntu urwaye PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ni iyihe?

Abantu barwaye PSP basanzwe bamara imyaka itandatu kugeza ku icyenda nyuma yo kurwara, ariko ibi bishobora gutandukana.

Ibimenyetso bya PSP byongera ibyago byo kurwara umusonga, bishobora kwica. Impamvu ikunze gutera urupfu mu bantu barwaye PSP ni umusonga wo mu bihaha. Ibi bibaho iyo ibiryo n'ibinyobwa byinjira mu bihaha mu buryo butunguranye binyuze mu muyoboro w'umuyaga kuko imitsi yo mu muhogo iba idakomeye kandi idahuje neza.

Abantu barwaye PSP nabo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugwa. Kugwa bishobora gutera kuvunika amagufwa no gukomereka mu mutwe. Kugwa bitera ibikomere bikomeye nabyo ni impamvu ikunze gutera impfu mu bantu barwaye PSP.

Ese PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) ishobora kwirindwa?

Kubera ko abashakashatsi bataramenya neza icyateye PSP, nta buryo bwo kuyirinda buhari.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Uzakenera kujya kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo ukurikirane uko ibimenyetso byawe bihagaze kandi urebe neza ko gahunda yawe yo kuvura ikora neza.

Niba ugize ibimenyetso biguhangayikishije , hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.

Kumenya ko ufite PSP (Progressive Supranuclear Palsy) bishobora kugorana guhangana nabyo. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rizagufasha gutegura gahunda yihariye yo gucunga ibimenyetso. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya neza ko ubona ubufasha ukeneye no gukomeza kwita ku buzima bwawe. Wibuke ko itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rihora rihari kugira ngo rigufashe wowe n'umuryango wawe.

Amaherezo, ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka

PSP ni indwara igoye kandi idakunze kugaragara. Ariko, ni ngombwa kuyimenya, kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare, no gushaka inama n'ubuvuzi bikwiye.

• Menya ibimenyetso hakiri kare: Itondere ibintu nko kugorwa no kugenda, gutakaza uburinganire, no kugorwa no kureba hasi.
• Shaka inama kwa muganga: Niba ushidikanya, reba inzobere mu ndwara z'imitsi kugira ngo igupime.
• Komeza kuvurwa: Nubwo indwara idashobora gukira, hari uburyo bwo kugabanya ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuzima.
• Tekereza ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe: Ni ngombwa gukomeza kugira ubwenge bukomeye mu gihe ubana n'ikibazo nk'iki. Shaka inama niba bibaye ngombwa.
• Menya serivisi zigufasha: Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, ubuvuzi bw'akazi, ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga, n'ubuvuzi bwo kugabanya ububabare nabyo bishobora kugufasha.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azagufasha. Niba wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda ahuye n'iki kibazo, ntugakomereke wenyine. Uramutse uhawe ubufasha bukwiye n'ubuvuzi n'ubwitabire bw'abo ukunda, ushobora guhangana n'iki kibazo.

PSP , Indwara y'ubwonko, Indwara y'imitsi, Parkinson, Indwara z'imigendere, Kuringaniza