Ese muganga wawe yakubwiye gutangira gufata inshinge za insuline mu kuvura diyabete ? Ushobora kuba warumvise amazina ya ' Insulin isanzwe' cyangwa 'Insulin ikora vuba'. Rero, nyuma yo kumva iri zina, ugomba kuba warigeze kwibaza ibibazo byinshi. "Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa insuline?", "Ikora ite?", "Ni ryari nkwiye kuyifata?", "Ese hari ingaruka mbi ?" Ushobora kuba wibaza ibintu nk'ibi. Ntugahangayike, tuzavuga kuri ibi byose uyu munsi mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Insulini isanzwe ni iki?
Muri make, insuline isanzwe ni imisemburo ya insuline ikoreshwa mu kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ku bantu barwaye diyabete . Nanone yitwa insuline ikora vuba . Ibi biterwa nuko itangira gukora mu gihe gito nyuma yo kuyitera mu mubiri hanyuma igatakaza ubushobozi bwayo mu masaha make.
Uyu si umuti wa diyabete. Ariko ushobora gufasha mu kugabanya isukari nyinshi mu maraso no kukurinda ingorane zishobora guterwa na diyabete. Abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 , harimo abana n'abantu bakuru, bashobora gukoresha ubwo bwoko bwa insuline bayobowe na muganga wabo.
Iyi insuline ikora ite mu mubiri wacu?
Tekereza ku tunyangingo tw’umubiri wacu nk’utuzu duto. Isukari ( glucose ) turya itanga ingufu izi nzu zikenera kugira ngo zikore. Ariko iyi sukari ntishobora kwinjira mu mazu yitwa utunyangingo. Inzugi zijya muri ayo mazu zirafunze.
Imisemburo ya insuline ikora nk' "urufunguzo" rufungura izi rugi. Mu mubiri w'umuntu muzima, uru rufunguzo, insuline, rukorwa mu buryo busanzwe. Ariko, ku muntu urwaye diyabete, umubiri ukora uru rufunguzo ruto, cyangwa nubwo rwaba rukora, urufunguzo ntirushobora gufungura urugi neza.
Icyo gihe ni bwo dutanga insuline hanze nk'urushinge. Insuline isanzwe itangwa muri ubu buryo ikora ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi:
1. Bigabanya urugero rw'isukari mu maraso:Bifasha gutwara isukari yirundanyije mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayishyira mu turemangingo.
2. Itanga ingufu ku turemangingo: Itanga amahirwe ku turemangingo yo gukoresha isukari yinjira mu turemangingo nk'ingufu.
3. Igenzura ikorwa ry'isukari n'umwijima: Umwijima wacu uhagarika ikorwa ry'isukari ritari ngombwa no kwirundanya mu maraso.
Muri ubu buryo, iyi insuline igufasha gucunga urugero rw'isukari mu maraso no kubaho ubuzima bwiza.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gutera insuline ni ubuhe?
Kugira ngo iyi insuline irusheho kuryoha, ni ngombwa cyane kuyikoresha neza kandi mu gihe gikwiye.
Igihe ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi.
Inshinge za insuline zisanzwe zigomba gutangwa iminota 30 mbere y'ifunguro ry'ibanze . Iki ni ikintu ugomba kwibuka rwose.
Tekereza ko urya saa mbiri za mu gitondo. Hanyuma ugomba gutera insuline ahagana saa moya n'igice za mu gitondo. Kuko bifata iminota 30-60 kugira ngo iyi insuline igere mu mubiri kandi itangire gukora. Ibyo bivuze ko iyo uriye, insuline itangira gukora kandi ikaba yiteguye kugenzura isukari yongerwa mu maraso iva mu biribwa.
- Itangira gukora: Mu minota 30-60
- Umusaruro ntarengwa: mu masaha 2-3
- Ingufu zigumaho: Hafi amasaha 3-6
Icy'ingenzi: Ntukigere usimbuka amafunguro nyuma yo gutera insuline. Kubikora bishobora gutuma isukari mu maraso yawe igabanuka cyane. Tuzabivugaho mu kanya gato.
Ni hehe nakingirwa?
Iyi insuline iterwa mu gipimo cy'ibinure kiri munsi y'uruhu. Muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo azakwereka uko wabikora. Ahantu hakunze gukoreshwa inshinge za insuline ni:
- Inda (ikikije umukondo)
- Ukuboko ko hejuru (inyuma y'ukuboko)
- Ikibero cyo hejuru (imbere cyangwa inyuma)
- Agace k'amatako
Ibuka: Ntugatere insuline ahantu hamwe buri munsi. Gutera inshinge inshuro nyinshi ahantu hamwe bishobora gutera ibibyimba, imyobo, cyangwa ubugari bw'uruhu . Kubwibyo, niba uteye ahantu hamwe, tera inshinge ahandi ubutaha. Urugero, niba wateye inshinge mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'igifu cyawe muri iki gitondo, tera inshinge mu gice cy'iburyo saa sita z'amanywa. Hindura intoki umunsi ukurikiyeho. Ubwo buryo bwo kuzenguruka aho umuntu aherereye ni ingenzi cyane.
Ni izihe ngaruka n'ingaruka mbi ugomba kwitondera?
Kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, hari ibintu bike tugomba kumenya mu gihe dukoresha insuline isanzwe. Kubimenya ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano wawe.
Nk'umuntu urwaye diyabete, uhura n'indwara ya "Hypo" na "Hyper"Ugomba kumenya neza aya magambo abiri.
1. Hypoglycemia: Ibi bivuze ko urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hasi cyane .
2. Isukari nyinshi mu maraso: Ibi bivuze ko urugero rw'isukari mu maraso ruri hejuru cyane .
Kumenya ibimenyetso by'izi ndwara zombi bishobora kugufasha kurokora ubuzima bwawe mu gihe cy'impanuka.
| Ibiranga | Isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia) | Isukari nyinshi mu maraso (Hyperglycemia) |
|---|---|---|
| Impamvu | Kureka kurya ufata insuline, gutinda kurya, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikabije, no kongera urugero rwa insuline. | Ingano ya insuline idahagije, kurya cyane, kurwara, cyangwa guhangayika. |
| Ibintu bisanzwe | Kubira ibyuya bitunguranye, guhinda umushyitsi, inzara ikabije, umutima utera cyane, isereri, urujijo, kutabona neza. | Inyota ikabije, kuma mu kanwa, kwihagarika kenshi, umunaniro ukabije, kutabona neza, isesemi. |
| Icyo gukora | Rya ikintu kiryoshye ako kanya! Rya/nywa ikintu nk'isukari, isukari, ikinyobwa kiryoshye, cyangwa tofe. Rya ifunguro nyamukuru nk'umuceri nyuma y'igihe runaka. Niba watakaje ubwenge, jyana uwo muntu mu bitaro byihutirwa (ETU) byihutirwa. | Nywa amazi menshi. Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe. Niba ibimenyetso birushijeho gukomera cyangwa ukagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, hita ubonana na muganga. |
Izindi ngaruka
- Hypokalemia: Iyi ni indwara aho urugero rwa potasiyumu mu maraso ruba ruto. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo umutima utera nabi, intege nke, no guhindagura imitsi.
- Indwara zikomeye zo kwandura indwara ya ALLERGY: Ibi ni gake cyane. Ariko, iyo bibaye, ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no guhumeka, kubyimba ururimi/umuhogo/isura bishobora kubaho. Ibi ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi (anaphylaxis) . Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, jya kwa muganga wita ku barwayi ba ETU (ETU) byihutirwa.
- Uko umuntu yatewe urushinge: Hari abantu bashobora kugira ubushyuhe, uburyaryate, kubyimba, cyangwa ububabare aho batewe urushinge.
Bigenda bite iyo ufashe insuline irenze urugero?
Yego, gufata insuline nyinshi ni akaga gakomeye. Iyo ubikoze, isukari mu maraso yawe ishobora kugabanuka cyane (Hypoglycemia ikomeye) , gukubita ibisebe, koma, ndetse n'urupfu bishobora kubaho.
Niba utekereza ko wateye insuline nyinshi ku bushake, cyangwa niba ubona umuntu wayiteye, hamagara 911 ako kanya kugira ngo ufate imbangukiragutabara cyangwa ujye mu bitaro bikuru by’ubutabazi (ETU). Ntugerageze kubikemura mu rugo.
Ese ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku yindi miti nfata? (Imikoreshereze y'imiti)
Yego rwose. Imiti imwe n'imwe ufata ishobora kugira ingaruka ku gipimo cya insuline mu maraso yawe. Imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora gutuma isukari mu maraso yawe igabanuka cyane, mu gihe indi ishobora gutuma isukari mu maraso yawe yiyongera.
Rero, iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, mubwire imiti yose ufata, harimo na vitamine, imiti y'ibimera, n'inyongeramusaruro . Ni ngombwa cyane kumumenyesha niba ufata imwe muri iyi miti ikurikira:
- Imiti y'umuvuduko w'amaraso (cyane cyane igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso)
- Imiti igabanya ububabare (Aspirin, NSAIDs)
- Ubundi bwoko bw'ibinini bya diyabete
- Utunyangingo tw'imitsi
- Imiti ivura asima cyangwa aleriji
- Imiti ivura cholesterol
- Imiti ivura indwara zo mu mutwe
- Imiti irimo steroid
- Ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro
Uru rutonde ntirurangiye, bityo rero banza uganire na muganga wawe wa diyabete mbere yo gutangira imiti mishya. Nanone, kunywa inzoga bishobora guteza akaga mu gihe ufata insuline.
Ni ibihe bintu ugomba kubwira muganga?
Mbere yo gutangira gukoresha insuline isanzwe, banza ubwire muganga wawe ibi bikurikira:
- Niba ufite allergie ku muti uwo ari wo wose cyangwa ibiryo.
- Niba utwite, ugerageza gusama, cyangwa wonsa.
- Niba ufite indwara y'amaso cyangwa ubumuga bwo kutabona neza.
- Niba ukunze kugira ibihe by'isukari nke mu maraso (hypoglycemia episodes).
Hashingiwe kuri aya makuru, bizoroha ko muganga agena uburyo bwo kuvura bukubereye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Insulini isanzwe ni ubwoko bwa insuline bukora vuba kandi bufasha mu kurwanya diyabete.
- Ni ngombwa ko uru rukingo rutangwa iminota 30 mbere y'ifunguro ry'ibanze .
- Ntugacike amafunguro kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose nyuma yo gutera insuline.
- Menya ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso (hypoglycemia) n'isukari nyinshi mu maraso (hyperglycemia). Menya icyo wakora mu gihe cy'impanuka.
- Buri gihe zunguruka aho wateye inshinge. Ntukomeze gutera inshinge ahantu hamwe.
- Bwira muganga wawe indi miti yose ufata.
- Ntugahindure ingano ya insuline yawe cyangwa ngo uhagarike gufata insuline utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
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