Wifuza kumenya ibijyanye na biopsy ya tiroyide?

"Biopsy"! Ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo wumvise iri jambo, si byo se? Ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Ariko, mu by'ukuri, iki ni ikindi kizamini cy'ingenzi abaganga bakoresha mu gusuzuma indwara. Nk'uko dukora ibizamini by'amaraso na X-ray. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku cyo biopsy ya tiroyide ari cyo, uko ikorwa, ndetse niba hari ikintu cyo gutinya.

Bisipo ya tiroyide ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Tekereza kuri ibi: Tiroyide yawe ni agahu gato gafite ishusho nk'iy'ikinyugunyugu kari imbere mu ijosi ryawe. Gakora akazi kenshi k'ingenzi ku mubiri wawe, cyane cyane ikorwa ry'imisemburo igenzura imikorere y'umubiri wawe. Isuzuma rya tiroyide ni uburyo busaba gufata ingero nto cyane z'uturemangingo cyangwa amazi yo mu gahu ka tiroyide yawe no kubipima. Ibi bishobora gufasha abaganga gusuzuma indwara zimwe na zimwe za tiroyide.

Ni ryari igikorwa cyo gusuzuma indwara ya tiroyide (thyroid biopsy) gikorwa?

Si ibibazo byose bya tiroyide bisaba gupimwa. Akenshi, iyo ndwara ishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe ibizamini by'amaraso n'ibisubizo by'ishusho. Ariko, niba muganga wawe abonye utunyangingo twa tiroyide, ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa.

Reka tuvuge gato ku mitsi ya tiroyide.

Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza uti "till duscuffs" ni iki? Utu ni utubyimba duto, dukomeye cyangwa twuzuye amazi twibasira imbere muri "thyroid gland". Tugaragara nk'utubyimba duto ku mubiri, si byo se? Nibyo. Inyinshi muri utu tubyimba ni nziza, bivuze ko atari kanseri. Ariko, igipimo gito cyane, kiri hagati ya 5% na 15%, gishobora kuba kanseri.

Bityo rero, kubagwa mu buryo bwa tiroyide bishobora gufasha muganga wawe kumenya neza icyateye ikibyimba n'uko ari kibi cyangwa ikintu gikwiye guhangayikishwa. By'umwihariko, abaganga bashobora gukora isuzuma ry'indwara iyo ikibyimba kirenze santimetero 1 (hafi santimetero 0.39) .

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma tiroyide bukorwa bute? Ni ubuhe buryo?

Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi bwo gukora iyi biopsy. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo ari byo.

1. Uburyo bwo gusohora urushinge (FNA)

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa biopsy bukunze gukoreshwa cyane ku tunyangingo twa tiroyide. Ibi bisaba gukoresha urushinge rurerure cyane (rwa gauge 22 cyangwa ruto) kugira ngo ukureho uturemangingo duke n'amazi make mu tunyangingo twa tiroyide cyangwa utunyangingo twinshi. Mu gihe akora ibi, muganga akoresha scan ya ultrasound kugira ngo ayobore urushinge neza mu tunyangingo. Ibi bivuze ko scan iyobora urushinge aho ruherereye neza. Ubu ni uburyo bworoshye budasaba gukata cyane.

2. Uburyo bwo gusuzuma urushinge rw'ibanze (CNB)

Ibi bisa n'uburyo bwo gupima FNA, ariko urushinge rukoreshwa ni runini gato (umurambararo wa gauge 14 kugeza 20). Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa niba muganga ashaka gufata icyitegererezo kinini cy'umubiri ntacyangirike . Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa niba icyitegererezo cyabonetse muri FNA kidahagije cyangwa niba hakenewe andi makuru.

3. Kubaga Tirosipi y'ibiyobyabwenge

Ubu buryo bukunze kubaho gake cyane. Iyo ingero zafashwe na FNA cyangwa CNB zitarasobanuka neza, cyangwa niba hakenewe andi makuru, muganga ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kubaga, akabaga gasaba gukata gato mu ijosi, kugera kuri tiroyide, no gufata icyitegererezo.

Witegura ute mbere yo gukora biopsy?

Uburyo bwo gutegura bushobora gutandukana gato bitewe n'ubwoko bwa biopsy urimo gukora.

Ku bijyanye no gupima urushinge (FNA cyangwa CNB)

• Kenshi na kenshi, keretse muganga wawe abikubwiye ukundi, ushobora kurya no kunywa uko bisanzwe.
• Ariko, niba ufite imiti ufata buri munsi (cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso ), ni ngombwa cyane kubaza muganga wawe niba ukeneye kuyihagarika iminsi mike mbere yo kuyisuzuma.

Ku bijyanye no kubagwa hakoreshejwe biopsy

Niba uri gukorerwa isuzuma nk'iri, muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza asobanutse neza y'uko wakwitegura. Ni ngombwa gukurikiza ayo mabwiriza neza.

Igikuru ni uko umuganga wawe ari we muntu mwiza wo kukugira inama. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, menya neza ko wabaza umuganga wawe.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupimwa? Ni iki umuntu yakwitega.

Akenshi, isuzuma rya biopsy rikorwa hakoreshejwe FNA cyangwa CNB. Twavuze mbere ko mu bihe bidasanzwe, kubagwa bishobora no gukorwa. Reka turebere hamwe uko bigenda kuri buri buryo muri ubu.

Uburyo bwo gupima urushinge (FNA cyangwa CNB)

Ubusanzwe ibi ni uburyo bwo kwivuza hanze. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora gutaha uwo munsi. Dore intambwe zimwe na zimwe:

1. Ubwa mbere, uzaterwa urushinge ruto (anesthesia yo mu gace) kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare mu ijosi ryawe. Bityo ntuzumva ububabare bwinshi.

2. Hanyuma, muganga azashyira icyuma gito gikoreshwa mu ntoki cyitwa ultrasound transducer ku ijosi ryawe. Ibi bizagufasha kubona neza aho tiroyide n'ikibyimba biri.

3. Hanyuma, urwo rushinge rurerure kandi rworoshye twavuze mbere runyura buhoro buhoro mu ruhu rwawe rukagera muri tiroyide.

4. Hanyuma, urugero rw'amazi n'inyama bikurwamo witonze. Ni ngombwa cyane ko utimuka na gato muri iki gihe.

5. Nyuma yo gufata icyitegererezo, urushinge rurakurwaho hanyuma agatambaro gato kameze nk'agapira gashyirwa aho urushinge rwashyizwe.

6. Amaherezo, icyitegererezo cyoherezwa kwa muganga w’indwara z’imitsi kugira ngo akorerwe isuzuma.

Niba ufite imbuto zirenze imwe, ushobora kuzisubiramo inshuro nyinshi. Igikorwa cyose kigomba gufata iminota 10 kugeza kuri 20.

Kubaga Tirosida

Tuvuga ko iki ari ikintu kidakunze gukorwa. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa iyo ibisubizo bya FNA cyangwa CNB bitarasobanuka neza, cyangwa niba hakenewe andi makuru. Ibi bikubiyemo kubaga no gufata icyitegererezo cya kanseri cyangwa ingingo z’umubiri mu buryo butaziguye mu gasabo k’imitsi hanyuma ukabyohereza muri laboratwari.

Ni izihe ngaruka mbi zishobora kubaho nyuma yo gupimwa?

Ingaruka mbi nke nyuma yo gupimwa harimo ububabare n'ibisebe aho urushinge rwashyizwe. Ushobora gufata imiti igabanya ububabare ukoresheje icyuma cyabigenewe, nka acetaminophen (Tylenol®) cyangwa ibuprofen (Motrin®), kugira ngo bifashe muri ubu burwayi.

Ingorane zikomeye ni gake cyane, ariko mu bihe bidasanzwe, ibi bikurikira bishobora kubaho:

• Kuva amaraso
• Kwandura
• Iremwa ry'ikintu kimeze nk'ikibyimba.

Niba ikintu nk'iki kibaye, ugomba guhita ubimenyesha muganga.

Ibisubizo bya raporo ya biopsy bivuze iki?

Dukurikije Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika rishinzwe kurwanya indwara ya Thyroid, ibisubizo bya biopsy bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitandatu by’ingenzi. Reka turebe icyo buri bwoko busobanura:

| Icyiciro cy'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi | Igisobanuro | Intambwe ikurikira muri rusange |

| :- ...

| Indwara mbi (itari kanseri) | Ikibyimba ntabwo ari kanseri. Iyi ni yo ngaruka ikunze kugaragara cyane (60%-70% by'abarwayi). | Akenshi "gutegereza witonze" no gusubiramo isuzuma rya ultrasound mu mezi agera kuri 12. |

| Itera kanseri (kanseri) | Ikibyimba ni kanseri. (5%-15% by'abarwaye). |Birashoboka cyane ko ari ngombwa ko umuntu abagwa.

| Biteye amakenga ku ndwara ya kanseri | Hari amahirwe menshi yo kurwara kanseri. (Akenshi ikurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga). | Akenshi ikurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga. Hari igihe ibizamini by'inyongera (urugero: gupima molekile ) bishobora gukorwa. |

| Kudahinduka k'ubusobanuro butazwi (AUS) cyangwa ikibyimba cy'amagufwa y'amagufwa y'ubusobanuro butazwi (FLUS) | Uturemangingo tuba tumeze nk'uturemangingo, ariko ntabwo byemezwa neza niba ari kanseri cyangwa atari yo. (Ishobora kuba kanseri mu bantu 5%-15%). | Gusubiramo biopsy, gupima molekile, cyangwa kubagwa. |

| Indwara ya Follicular Neoplasm cyangwa Iteye amakenga ku ndwara ya Follicular Neoplasm | Iyi ishobora kuba kanseri cyangwa idafite (15%-30% by'abayirwaye ni kanseri). | Akenshi, igice cyangwa thyroid yose ikurwamo kugira ngo ibagwe.

| Ntibisuzuma cyangwa Ntibishimishije | Nta tunyangingo duhagije tuba mu gipimo, cyangwa kubera izindi mpamvu, ntibishoboka kugera ku mwanzuro usobanutse neza. (2%-10% by'abanduye). | Akenshi bisubirwamo , akenshi bikorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasound. |

Nubwo iyi mbonerahamwe ishobora kuguha igitekerezo gifatika, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akubwire amakuru arambuye ku bisubizo byawe.

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umenye ibisubizo?

Abantu benshi babona ibisubizo bya biopsy mu cyumweru kimwe, ariko rimwe na rimwe iki gihe gishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n'umusaruro w'ivuriro cyangwa niba hakenewe ibindi bipimo.

Niba ibisubizo bidasanzwe, ni iki ukurikizaho?

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibisubizo, akubwire niba ukeneye ubuvuzi, kandi niba ari byo, icyo wakora. Imiterere ya buri wese iratandukanye, bityo ubuvuzi buratandukanye. Ariko muri rusange, dore icyo ushobora kwitega:

• Utudomo twiza:Ibi akenshi bikorwa no "gutegereza witonze." Ni ukuvuga ko isuzuma rya ultrasound rikorwa mu mezi agera kuri 12 kugira ngo harebwe niba hari impinduka zabaye muri iki kibyimba.
• Utudomo twica: Hafi buri gihe tugomba gukurwaho mu buryo bwo kubaga.
• Udusimba dukekwa: Utu dusimba tugenzurwa niba tugomba kubagwa cyangwa tutagomba kubagwa hashingiwe ku bisubizo by'inyongera by'ibizamini nko gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo .

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Nyuma yo gupimwa indwara ya tiroyide, niba ugaragaje kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso by'ubwandu, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya:

• Niba urwaye umuriro .
• Niba wumva ubukonje kandi uhinda umushyitsi (Ubukonje).
• Niba ahantu hashyizwe urushinge cyangwa aho hakorewe icyiru ari umutuku, habyimbye, kandi hari amasasu asa n'ibibyimba aturuka aho .

Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, bishobora kuba ari ubwandu, bityo ni ngombwa gushaka ubuvuzi vuba.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane cyo kwibuka!

Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo wumvise ijambo "biopsy." Ariko, kuba warakorewe isuzuma rya tiroyide ntibivuze ko ufite ikintu gikomeye. Kimwe n'isuzuma rya X-ray n'amaraso, isuzuma ni igikoresho abaganga bakoresha mu gusuzuma indwara. Ibisubizo biduha amakuru y'ingenzi cyane.

Niba ufite ikibazo cya tiroyide, kuyibona mbere yuko irushaho kuba mbi ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kugira ubuzima bwiza mu gihe kirekire. Rero, niba muganga wawe akubwiye ko ukorerwa biopsy, ntutinye kuyisaba, shaka amakuru ukeneye, kandi ubyihanganire. Ntabwo uri wenyine, kandi hari abaganga bashobora kugufasha.

Rero, ndizera ko aya makuru azagufasha. Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga wawe!

Tiroyide , Biopsy ya Tiroyide, Udukoko twa Tiroyide, FNA, CNB, Kanseri, Ubuzima