Wigeze wumva 'umutima w'ubukorano'? Wenda warawurebye muri filime. Ariko se koko uzi icyo ari cyo, abawukeneye, n'uko ukora? Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri iki gikoresho gitangaje gifasha umuntu ufite ikibazo gikomeye cy'imikorere y'umutima kugeza igihe umutima mushya ushobora guterwa.
Mu magambo make, umutima w'ubukorano ni iki?
Umutima w’ubukorano ni pompe ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mechanical ishyirwa mu mubiri iyo ibyumba bibiri byo hasi by’umutima wawe, byitwa ventricles, bidakora neza. Umutima wacu ufite ibyumba bibiri nk’ibyo, ventricles y’ibumoso n’iy’iburyo. Iyo umutima w’ubukorano wose ushyizwemo, ibyo byumba byombi birakurwaho maze iki gikoresho kigashyirwa mu mwanya wabyo.
Rero, icyo uturemangingo tw'umutima wawe tudashobora gukora, ari cyo gupompa amaraso mu mubiri wawe, gikorwa n'uyu mutima w'ubukorano. Iki gikoresho gihujwe n'ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by'umutima wawe ('atria') ndetse n'imitsi minini y'amaraso.
Iki gikoresho gikora gite?
Tekereza ibi, bishobora kumvikana nk'ibidasanzwe. Uyu mutima w'ubukorano ubona imbaraga zawo ukoresheje icyuma gikonjesha umwuka (cyangwa `umushoferi`) kiri hanze y'umubiri wawe. Umwuka uva kuri uyu 'mushoferi` unyura mu miyoboro ibiri mito (`imiyoboro`) ukagera ku mutima w'ubukorano kandi ukawufasha gutera umuvuduko.
Iyi miyoboro ibiri isohoka mu mubiri inyuze mu ruhu rw'inda yawe igahuzwa na 'driver'. Ushobora gusharija bateri y'uyu 'driver' uri mu rugo cyangwa mu modoka. Kimwe na 'power bank' ya terefone zacu, ushobora kuyitwara mu 'gikapu' iyo uri mu rugendo.
Yego, bishobora gusa n'ibitangaje kugira igikoresho cya tekiniki mu gituza cyawe, ariko iri koranabuhanga ryarokoye ubuzima bw'abantu ibihumbi bategereje guterwa umutima.
Ni nde ukeneye umutima w'ubukorano?
Indwara zikomeye z'umutima zishobora gutuma umutima udashobora kohereza amaraso neza mu mubiri wose. Iki ni cyo gihe umutima w'ubukorano uba ukeneye. Ubusanzwe ukoreshwa nk' "ikiraro cyo guteramo" umutima. Ni ukuvuga ko bifasha umurwayi kugumana ubuzima bwiza no gukomera kugeza igihe umutima uturutse ku muntu umufasha ubifitiye uburenganzira uzaboneka.
Umuntu ufite ibi bikurikira ashobora gukenera umutima w'ubukorano.
| Indwara | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Umutima unanirwa | Umutima ntushobora kohereza amaraso ahagije mu mubiri. |
| Indwara ikomeye y'umutima | Iyo imitsi y'umutima yangiritse cyane. |
| Ibibazo by'umutima wavukanye | Ku bibazo bimwe na bimwe by’abana bavukanye. |
| Indwara y'umutima | Gucika intege, gukomera, cyangwa gukomera kw'imitsi y'umutima. |
| Igikoresho cya LVAD cyananiwe | Iyo igikoresho cya LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device) gikoreshwa mu gushyigikira ventricle y'ibumoso kinaniwe. |
| Umutima utari mwiza (Arrhythmia) | Imiterere idasanzwe y'umutima ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. |
Iyo umutima wawe udakora neza, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:
- Kumva unaniwe cyane buri gihe.
- Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi (hypotension).
- Kubyimba (edema) mu mubiri, cyane cyane ku karenge no ku nda .
- Kugorwa no guhumeka (dyspnea).
- Kubabara iyo uryamye ku buriri.
Witegura ute mbere yo kubagwa?
Kubera ko iki ari igikorwa gikomeye, uzakenera kumara nibura icyumweru kimwe mu bitaro mbere yo kubagwa. Muri iki gihe, itsinda ry’abaganga rizakwigisha wowe n’umuryango wawe ibijyanye n’umutima w’ubukorano, uburyo uzagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe, n’icyo wakora mu gihe hari ikibazo.
Nanone, hazakorwa ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo harebwe niba ufite ubuzima bwiza buhagije bwo kubagwa.
Ibizamini mbere yo kubagwa
- Gupima amaraso
- gupima CT (CT scan)
- X-ray yo mu gituza
- Electrocardiogram (ECG cyangwa EKG)
- Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram)
- Gupima imikorere y'ibihaha
Uburyo bwo kubaga bikorwa
Ubu buvuzi bukorwa n'itsinda ry'inzobere, harimo n'abaganga b'umutima. Uzashyirwa munsi y'ikinyabutabire rusange hanyuma ushyiremo umuyoboro w'umwuka kugira ngo ufashe guhumeka.
1. Ubwa mbere, muganga azagukata igituza akoresheje gukata igufwa riri hagati mu gituza cyawe. Ibi byitwa `(Sternotomy)`.
2. Hanyuma, bazaguha imiti yo guhagarika umutima wawe by'agateganyo.
3. Mu gihe cyo kubagwa, uzahuzwa n'imashini ikoresha "heart-lung bypass machine" kugira ngo igeze amaraso yawe ku murongo.
4. Hanyuma, ibyumba bibiri byo hasi (`ventricles`) by'umutima wawe bikurwaho.
5. Ahubwo , umutima w'ubukorano uterwa , ukawuhuza n'ibyumba byo hejuru by'umutima (`atria`) n'imitsi mito.
6. Amaherezo, imashini ikoresha umutima n'ibihaha irahagarara maze umutima w'ubukorano urakora.
Kubagwa kose bishobora gufata amasaha agera kuri 9. Ubu ni uburyo bugoye cyane bwo kubaga.
Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo kubagwa?
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzajya mu cyumba cy’indembe (ICU). Mu minsi mike ya mbere, uzahuzwa n’icyuma gifasha guhumeka. Uzahabwa intungamubiri binyuze mu muyoboro cyangwa umunyu (IV). Uzahabwa kandi imiti igabanya ububabare.
Uko ugenda ukira buhoro buhoro, uzabasha guhumeka wenyine, kurya no kunywa, no kugendagenda buhoro buhoro mu bitaro.
Ikintu kidasanzwe ni uko nyuma yo kubagwa, abaganga ntibahita bafunga igituza cyawe. Kubera ko bashaka kongera gusuzuma ikintu kiri mu gituza cyangwa kugivura byoroshye mu gihe cy’impanuka, igituza gifungwa burundu nyuma y’umunsi umwe.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka byagira?
Akamaro nyamukuru
Akamaro kanini k'ibi ni uko bikiza ubuzima . Abantu benshi bapfa bategereje umutima ujyanye n'uwo barwaye. Nyuma yo kubagwa, ugenda wongera kugira imbaraga hanyuma ukumva umeze neza kurusha mbere. Ibi biguha imbaraga n'ubuzima bukenewe kugira ngo uhabwe umutima wo guteranywa.
Ingaruka n'ingorane
Abarwayi bakeneye umutima w’ubukorano basanzwe bafite ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima. Kubagwa no kubana n’uwo muntu ukoresheje igikoresho bishobora guteza akaga.
- Amaraso apfutse
- Igisebe cy'imitsi
- Kuva amaraso menshi
- Kwandura
- Kunanirwa kw'impyiko cyangwa umwijima
- Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
Izi ni zo ngaruka zikomeye. Ni ngombwa cyane kubanza kuganira na muganga wawe kuri ibi.
Kugarura no kwiyitaho
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzakira mu bitaro mu gihe cy'ukwezi kumwe. Nyuma yo gutaha, ushobora gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Ushobora gutwara uwo "mushoferi" navuze mbere mu "mufuka" maze ukagendagenda nta nkomyi.
Dore uko ukwiye kwiyitaho:
- Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga ku matariki yagenwe.
- Fata imiti wahawe kugira ngo wirinde kubyimba kw'amaraso n'indwara ku gihe.
- Kurya ibiryo bitanga ubuzima bwiza ku mutima.
- Sinzira neza.
- Jya muri gahunda zo kuvura indwara z'umutima niba muganga wawe yabigusabye.
Igihe cyo kubonana na muganga byihutirwa
Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bikurikira nyuma yo kubagwa, ugomba guhita uhamagara muganga wawe .
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Umuriro | Bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu mu mubiri. |
| Ibimenyetso bya Stroke | Kugwa uruhande rumwe rw'isura, kugorwa no kuvuga, kubura uko umuntu yumva ukuboko. |
| Guhagarika imitsi y'ibihaha | Guhumeka nabi mu buryo butunguranye, kubabara mu gatuza. |
| Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu | Uduheri, kubyimba, n'amabyi aho umuyoboro winjirira mu mubiri. |
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Umutima w'ubukorano ni ipompo y'agateganyo ifasha abarwayi bafite ikibazo gikomeye cy'umutima gukomeza kubaho kugeza igihe bakorewe gutera umutima.
- Ibi bisaba kubagwa gukomeye cyane kandi bigoye kandi bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo umuntu akire.
- Kugira ngo iki gikoresho gikoreshwe, hakenewe amashanyarazi yo hanze (`driver`), agomba kujyana nawe igihe cyose.
- Ni ngombwa gukurikiza inama za muganga no gufata imiti neza, kuko hari ibyago nko kubyimba kw'amaraso, kwandura indwara zandura, no gucika intege kw'imitsi.
- Bimenyeshe muganga wawe vuba niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'umuburo, urugero nk'umuriro, ibimenyetso byo gucika intege mu bwonko, cyangwa kugorwa no guhumeka.
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