Ese hari igihe wumva unaniwe cyane nta mpamvu, ukumva umeze nk'ufite isereri ndetse no nyuma yo kugenda igihe runaka, kandi ukumva ufite uruhu? Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba atari umunaniro gusa. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ziri mu mubiri wacu. Iyo ni indwara yo kubura amaraso, cyangwa nkuko twese tubizi, 'anemia'. Nubwo iyi ari indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane, ni ngombwa cyane kuyimenya. Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi.
Namenya nte neza ko mfite ikibazo cyo kubura amaraso?
Niba ubona ko ufite ibimenyetso bya anemia, icyiza wakora ni ukujya kwa muganga. Muganga azakubaza ibibazo bike.
- Sobanura ibimenyetso byawe mu buryo burambuye: umunaniro, guhumeka nabi, kuribwa umutwe, kugira uruhumbu, nibindi.
- Amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi: Ibintu nk'izindi ndwara ufite, imiti ufata, ndetse niba unywa inzoga.
- Amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango: Hari umuntu mu muryango ufite ikibazo cyo kubura amaraso cyangwa izindi ndwara ziterwa n'amaraso?
- Indyo: Ibyo usanzwe urya n'ibyo unywa, ingano y'inyama, amafi, n'imboga urya, n'ibindi.
Nyuma yo kumva aya makuru, muganga azagusuzuma hanyuma agategeka ko upimwa amaraso menshi kugira ngo yemeze ko ufite ikibazo.
Anemia ni indwara aho umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso ugabanuka cyangwa ingano ya hemoglobine, poroteyine iri mu turemangingo dutukura dutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni.
Mu magambo make, hari impamvu eshatu z'ingenzi zitera kubura amaraso.
1. Bitewe no kuva amaraso: Iyo hari amaraso aturutse ahantu hose mu mubiri (urugero: imihango myinshi, ibikomere byo mu mara).
2. Kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso: Iyo umubiri ubuze intungamubiri z'ingenzi (ubutare, vitamine B12), bitewe n'ikibazo cy'umusemburo w'amagufwa.
3. Kwangirika kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso: Kwangirika vuba kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso mu mubiri.
Ibizamini by'amaraso bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu nyayo.
| Ubwoko bw'isuzuma ry'amaraso | Ubona iki muri ibi? |
|---|---|
| Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (CBC) | Umubare n'ingano y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso, na plaquettes mu maraso, ndetse n'urugero rwa hemoglobine, biragenzurwa. Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ibanze. |
| Uruhare rwa serum Ferritin n'ubutare | Iki ni cyo kimenyetso cyiza cy'ingano y'ubutare bubitse mu mubiri. |
| Uruhare rwa Vitamine B12 na Folate | Turimo gusuzuma niba hari ibibura muri izi vitamine ebyiri, ari ingenzi mu gukora uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso. |
| Ibindi bizamini byihariye | Ibizamini nk'umubare wa reticulocyte na bilirubin bishobora kumenya igipimo cy'ikorwa ry'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso ndetse no kumenya niba turimo kwangirika (hemolytic anemia). |
Akenshi, ibi bipimo by'amaraso bishobora kumenya impamvu. Ni gake cyane ko hakenerwa icyitegererezo cy'umusemburo w'amagufwa kugira ngo hasuzumwe. Ntukagire ubwoba rero.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara yo kubura amaraso?
Igikuru ni uko ubuvuzi budatangira kugeza igihe habonetse impamvu nyayo ya anemia. Kuko umuti wanditswe ku bwoko bumwe bwa anemia ushobora kudakora ku bundi, ndetse ukaba wateza akaga. Kubwibyo, irinde kwiyivura.
Kubura amaraso mu mubiri biterwa no kuva amaraso
Iyo habayeho gutakaza amaraso menshi mu buryo butunguranye (urugero: impanuka), ushobora gutanga umunyu, guterwa amaraso, ogisijeni, n'ibinini by'icyuma. Ariko iyo habayeho kuva amaraso mu buryo butari buke igihe kirekire (urugero: ibisebe byo mu mara, hemorrhoids), ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ugushaka aho kuva amaraso kwavuye no kubihagarika. Ibi bishobora gusaba ikizamini nka colonoscopy. Hanyuma, ikibazo cyo kubura icyuma kiravurwa.
Kubura amaraso bitewe no kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso
Iki ni cyo gice kigomba kuganirwaho mu buryo burambuye.
Anemia yo kubura icyuma
Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa anemia bukunze kugaragara cyane ku isi. Iyo umubiri udafite icyuma gihagije, ntushobora gukora uturemangingo dutukura. Iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara ku bagore bakiri bato bitewe n'imihango myinshi.
Niba ufata inyunganiramirire ya feri, menya neza ko uzirikana ibi bintu:
- Ntukigere ufata ibinini bya fer utabanje kugisha inama muganga. Ubucucike bwinshi muri fer nabwo ni bubi cyane. Bishobora gutera umunaniro, kuruka, impiswi, indwara z'umutima n'ibibazo by'ingingo.
- Bika ibinini bya fer kure y'abana bato. Iyo abana bato banyoye ibinini bya fer ku bw'impanuka, bishobora kwica. Ni kimwe mu bintu bikunze kugaragara mu bana kubera uburozi. Niba ukeka ko umwana yanyoye ibinini bya fer, jya mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU) riri hafi yawe.Bijyane. Niba bibaye ngombwa, hamagara Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe gutanga amakuru ku burozi mu bitaro by'igihugu bya Colombo kugira ngo ubagire inama.
- Menya ingaruka mbi. Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo mu gifu, isesemi, no kuribwa mu nda. Ushobora gufata ikinini hamwe n'ibiryo kugira ngo ugabanye ibyo. Niba ukomeje kugira ingaruka mbi, bwira muganga wawe.
- Uburyo imiti ikoreshwa n'indi. Niba ufata imiti y'indi ndwara (urugero: ibinini bya kalisiyumu), bwira muganga wawe . Kalisiyumu ishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kwinjiza icyuma.
- Gufata ibinini bya fer birimo vitamine C (urugero: ikirahure cy'umutobe w'icunga) byongera uburyo umubiri winjiza fer.
Ni byiza cyane kurya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri feri (inyama zitukura, ibinyamisogwe, ibishyimbo, umuhondo w'igi, epinari, amafi yo mu nyanja).
Kubura amaraso mu mubiri biterwa no kubura vitamine B12 no kubura folate
Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'icyateye iyo ndwara. Akenshi, inshinge za vitamine B12 cyangwa ibinini byinshi bitangwa. Hari abantu bagomba gufata izi nshinge cyangwa ibinini ubuzima bwabo bwose. Ibyokurya nk'inyama, amafi, amata, foromaje n'amagi bikungahaye kuri vitamine B12.
Ibinini bya aside folike bitangwa ku bura bwa folike. Folike iboneka cyane mu mboga z’icyatsi, imbuto, n’ibiribwa by’amata.
Anemia yo mu maraso (anemia iterwa no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso)
Iyi ndwara ivurwa no kuvura impamvu nyamukuru. Hari igihe nta buvuzi bukenewe. Niba impamvu ari imiti, kuyikoresha bigomba guhagarara. Hari abantu bashobora gukenera gufata imiti ya steroid, plasmapheresis, cyangwa se, gake cyane, splenectomy.
Ese indwara yo kubura amaraso ishobora kwirindwa?
Yego, mu bihe byinshi, indwara nko kubura amaraso mu mubiri bishobora kwirindwa no gukomeza indyo nziza.
- Kurya indyo yuzuye. Shyiramo ibiryo bikungahaye kuri fer, vitamine B12, na folate mu ndyo yawe.
- Niba urya inyama cyangwa urya inyama, menya neza ko wavuganye na muganga cyangwa inzobere mu mirire kandi ufate inyongeramusaruro z'imirire nibiba ngombwa.
- Gabanya kunywa icyayi na kawa. Kubirya mu gihe urya bigabanya uburyo umubiri winjizamo icyuma gikozwe mu mubiri.
- Hitamo ibinyampeke n'imigati bikungahaye ku byuma.
- Niba ukoresha ibikoresho birimo icyuma cy'ubutare (urugero: bateri, irangi), kurikiza neza amabwiriza y'umutekano.
Igikuru ni uko niba ukeka ko ufite amaraso make, wagakwiye kujya kwa muganga, ugahabwa isuzuma ryimbitse, kandi ugahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye, aho kwibwira gusa no kwivura.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa kenshi, kutagira uburibwe, no gucika intege bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byo kubura amaraso. Ntukabirengagize gusa.
- Muganga ni we wenyine ushobora kukubwira neza ubwoko bw'indwara yo kubura amaraso ufite. Gupimwa amaraso ni ingenzi kuri ibyo.
- Ntukigere ufata ibinini bya fer cyangwa izindi vitamine utabanje kugisha inama muganga. Bishobora guteza akaga.
- Kuvura indwara yo kubura amaraso biterwa n’indwara yateye, bityo gusuzuma neza ni ingenzi cyane.
- Indyo yuzuye ikungahaye kuri feri, vitamine B12, na folate ishobora gukumira indwara nyinshi zo kubura amaraso.
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