Iyo umuganga akubwiye ati "Nkeneye gufata amazi mu mugongo wawe nkayapima," uhita wumva ubwoba n'ubwoba, si byo se? Ni ibisanzwe gutekereza uti "Oh, ngiye gufata urushinge mu mugongo wawe." Nubwo abantu benshi bagira ubwoba iyo bumvise iri zina, mu by'ukuri iki si ikizamini giteye ubwoba cyangwa kibabaza nkuko tubitekereza. Reka tumenye byinshi kuri cyo uyu munsi.
Mu magambo make, gupfunyika mu ruhu rw'umugongo ni iki?
Muri Sinhala, ubusanzwe tubyita "gutemba umugongo." Iki ni ikizamini cyihariye muganga akora. Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira urushinge ruto cyane mu mugongo wawe wo hasi, hagati y'amagufwa abiri, hanyuma ugafata urugero ruto rw'amazi meza kandi asukuye akikije ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe.
Aya mazi mu buvuzi yitwa cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) . Aya mazi ni nk'umusego urinda ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo. Bityo, dusuzumye urugero ruto rw'aya mazi, dushobora kumenya amakuru menshi y'ingenzi ku ndwara zitandukanye zigira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe, ku mitsi, cyangwa ku mugongo.
Kuki muganga yagira inama yo gupima iki gipimo?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma umuntu avurwa mu ruhu. Hari igihe avurwa indwara runaka, ubundi agakoreshwa mu gutanga imiti.
| Impamvu z'ingenzi zo gupima | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Ku bijyanye no gusuzuma indwara | Iyo habayeho gukeka ko hari indwara igira ingaruka ku bwonko cyangwa ku ruti rw'umugongo, iki kizamini gikorwa kugira ngo cyemeze ko ari ikibazo. |
| Ubwandu bw'ubwonko (Meningite) | Iki ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi kugira ngo harebwe niba hari indwara zandura ziterwa na bagiteri cyangwa virusi nka meningite. |
| Kubyimba kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko (Encephalite) | Menya indwara zitera kubyimba kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko. |
| Kuva amaraso mu bwonko | Reba niba hari amaraso ava mu bwonko. |
| Indwara ziterwa n'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri nka Multiple Sclerosis | Shakisha indwara aho ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwangiza imitsi. |
| Indwara za kanseri | Reba niba uturemangingo twa kanseri, nka leukemia, twinjiye mu mazi yo mu bwonko. |
| Ku bijyanye no kuvurwa no ku bindi bintu | |
| Gutanga imiti igabanya ububabare | Ku buryo bwo gusinziriza nka epidurals, butuma igice cyo hasi cy'umubiri kidakora neza mu gihe cyo kubagwa bimwe na bimwe. |
| Gutera umuti | Imiti imwe n'imwe, nk'imiti irwanya kanseri, ishyirwa mu buryo butaziguye mu mitsi. |
| Ku isuzuma ryihariye rya X-ray | Shyira irangi ryihariye mbere yo gupima X-ray, nka myelogram. |
| Kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko imbere mu gahanga | Niba amazi akikije ubwonko yiyongereye kandi agatera umuvuduko, kuramo amwe muri yo kugira ngo ugabanye umuvuduko. |
Wibuke ko izi mpamvu zose zitazakureba. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira impamvu y'iki kizamini.
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere y'iki kizamini?
Muganga wawe asanzwe aguha amabwiriza y'icyo wakora mbere yo gupimwa. Bimwe mu bintu bishobora kuba ingenzi birimo:
- Gupima CT cyangwa MRI: Hari igihe, mbere yo gukubita umugongo, ushobora gusabwa gukora ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma kugira ngo urebe niba hari umuvuduko wiyongereye mu bwonko cyangwa mu mugongo.
- Gupima amaraso: Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo urebe niba ubushobozi bwawe bwo kuvura amaraso ari ubusanzwe.
- Bwira muganga wawe imiti iyo ari yo yose ufata: Niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso (nka Warfarin, Aspirine, Clopidogrel), ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe. Ushobora gusabwa guhagarika gufata iyi miti iminsi mike mbere yo kwipimisha. Ntugahagarike kuyifata nta nama za muganga wawe.
Iyi miti izagufasha gukora ikizamini mu mutekano no kwirinda ingorane zitari ngombwa.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?
Iki ni cyo gice abantu benshi batinya. Reka tubiganireho intambwe ku yindi.
1. Uburyo bwo kuryama: Ubwa mbere, uzategekwa kuryama ku buriri. Ubusanzwe, uzategekwa kuryama ibumoso. Hanyuma, uzasabwa kunama amavi yawe uyazane hafi y'igituza cyawe , nk'aho uri kwikubita hasi. Hari igihe ushobora gusabwa kwicara mu ntebe ugatembera hejuru y'ameza. Nubwo iyi nzira idashimishije gato, izongera umwanya uri hagati y'uruti rw'umugongo, bigatuma byoroha kwinjiza urushinge. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kuguma uhagaze uko bishoboka kose.
2. Gusukura no gukaraba: Hanyuma, muganga azagusukura neza umugongo wo hasi hanyuma agutere agashinge gato k'umuti wo mu gace kugira ngo ushiremo agashinge. Ushobora kumva ubabara gato iyo utewe urushinge. Ariko, agace kazashiramo agashinge nyuma y'igihe runaka.
3. Gushyira urushinge: Nyuma yo kugutera ibisebe mu mugongo, muganga azashyiramo urushinge ruto hagati y’amagufwa abiri y’umugongo (ubusanzwe mu mugongo wo hasi). Muri iki gihe ntuzumva ububabare, ariko ushobora kumva igitutu runaka.
4. Gufata icyitegererezo cy'amazi: Urushinge rumaze kugera ahantu heza, amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) azavamo agatonyanga ku kandi. Muganga azakusanya ingano ikenewe mu macupa mato menshi. Ibi bizatwara iminota mike.
5. Gukuraho no gupfuka: Nyuma yo gufata icyitegererezo , urushinge rurakurwaho witonze hanyuma agapfuka gato cyangwa plaster bigashyirwa aho urushinge rwashyizwe.
Ikizamini cyose gikunze kumara hagati y'iminota 15 na 30. Urushinge ruba mu mugongo wawe iminota mike gusa.
Ese ushobora kunsinziriza muri iki gihe?
Oya. Ntuzahabwa ikinya rusange. Uzahabwa ikinya gusa, bityo uzaba ufite ubwenge bwuzuye. Ariko ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose.
Nkwiye gukora iki nyuma yo gupimwa?
Nyuma yo gusuzumwa, muganga azaguha amabwiriza. Ni ngombwa cyane kuyakurikiza neza.
- Kuryama: Uzasabwa kuryama mu buriri nibura isaha imwe, ndetse wenda n'amasaha menshi, nyuma yo gupimwa. Ibi bizagufasha kwirinda ububabare bw'umutwe bushobora kugaragara nyuma yaho.
- Nywa amazi menshi: Nywa ibinyobwa byinshi, nk'amazi n'ibinyobwa by'imbuto, umunsi wose. Ibi bizafasha kongera amazi yatakaye mu mubiri.
- Irinde ibikorwa: Irinde gutwara cyangwa gukoresha imashini ziremereye mu gihe cy'amasaha 24. Nanone, irinde gukora imirimo ivunanye nko guterura ibyuma cyangwa gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri.
- Kuruhuka: Kuruhuka bihagije uko bishoboka kose.
Ese ni ibisanzwe kurwara umutwe nyuma yo gutobora mu ruhu?
Yego, iyi ni yo ngaruka mbi ikunze kugaragara nyuma y'iki kizamini. Si buri wese ubibona, ariko abantu bagera ku icumi ku ijana (10%) bashobora kugira iyi ndwara y'umutwe.
Ibi ntabwo bimeze nk'umutwe usanzwe. Umutwe urushaho kwiyongera iyo wicaye cyangwa uhagaze, kandi ukarushaho kumera neza iyo uryamye. Ushobora gutangira mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi mike nyuma yo gupimwa. Uyu mutwe ushobora kandi guherekezwa n'ibintu nk'isesemi, tachycardia, cyangwa hypotension.
Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara yo kubabara umutwe irashira ubwayo mu minsi mike. Kuruhuka bihagije, kunywa amazi menshi, no kunywa ikinyobwa kirimo kafeyine, nka kawa, bishobora gufasha. Ushobora kandi kubaza muganga wawe ibijyanye no gufata imiti igabanya ububabare nka parasetamol.
Ni ibihe bihe ugomba kujya kwa muganga?
Ubusanzwe nta bibazo bikomeye bivuka nyuma yo gupimwa. Ariko, niba ubonye kimwe mu bimenyetso bikurikira, ugomba guhita uhamagara muganga wawe .
| Ibimenyetso byo kwitondera | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Kuribwa umutwe cyane | Umutwe ukabije umara iminsi irenga mike kandi ntukemurwe n'imiti isanzwe igabanya ububabare. |
| Hari ikintu gisohoka giturutse aho umuntu yapfumuwe | Niba amaraso cyangwa andi mazi arimo kuva aho yatobowe. |
| Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu | Niba aho watoboye hatukura, habyimbye, hashyushye, cyangwa ufite umuriro. |
| Ubumuga cyangwa intege nke mu maguru | Niba wumva amaguru yawe afite uburibwe budasanzwe cyangwa ibinure. |
Ibi bizangiza uruti rw'umugongo rwanjye?
Oya. Iki ni cyo giteye ubwoba abantu benshi. Mu gihe cyo gutobora lumbar, urushinge rushyirwa hasi cyane ugereranyije n'urwego rw'umugongo. Bityo, nta mahirwe yo kwangirika k'umugongo. Iki ni ikizamini cyizewe cyane.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutobora mu ruhu nta mpamvu yo gutinya. Ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane cyo gusuzuma indwara zifitanye isano n'ubwonko n'imitsi.
- Umugongo wawe uzaba ufite ibinure mbere yo gupimwa, bityo ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose, ahubwo uzumva igitutu runaka.
- Iki kizamini nta cyangiza umugongo wawe, kuko urushinge rushyirwa munsi cyane y’uru rushinge.
- Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kubabara umutwe nyuma yo gupimwa. Ibi bishobora gukemurwa no kuruhuka bihagije no kunywa ibinyobwa byinshi.
- Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga nyuma y’ikizamini. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bidasanzwe, bimenyeshe muganga ako kanya.
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