Ese wagize ikibazo cyo kugabanya umuyoboro w'inkari? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye! (Umuyoboro w'inkari)

Ahari umuganga wawe yakubwiye ko ufite ibuye ry'impyiko. Cyangwa se wumva umerewe nabi bitewe n'uko inzira y'inkari yawe yazibye. Mu gihe nk'iki, ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika igihe umuganga wawe akubwiye ko ugomba gushyiramo stent. Ariko ntugahangayike, uyu munsi tugiye kuganira ku cyo stent yo mu muyoboro w'inkari ari cyo, icyo ikora, n'uko yumva ameze iyo uyifite.

Stent yo mu muyoboro w'inkari ni iki?

Mu magambo make, uyu ni umuyoboro muto cyane kandi woroshye ukozwe muri silikoni cyangwa pulasitiki. Umubiri wacu ufite imiyoboro ibiri mito itwara inkari ziva mu mpyiko zijya mu ruhago, ari zo twita ureter. Iyi stent ikoreshwa mu kuyifungura iyo hari ikintu cyazibye cyangwa cyazibye muri imwe muri iyo ureter.

Nk’uko iyo umuyoboro w’amazi uzibye umwanda, amazi ahagarara gutemba. Iyo urethra yacu izibye, inkari ntizishobora kuva mu mpyiko zijya mu ruhago. Icyo iyi stent ikora ni ukwinjiza uyu muyoboro muto mu nzira izibye, bigatuma inkari zinyuramo nta nkomyi.

Iyi stent ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 10 kugeza kuri 15. Muganga ayishyiramo ku buryo uruziga ruri ku mpera yo hejuru ruri imbere mu mpyiko naho uruziga ruri ku mpera yo hasi ruri imbere mu ruhago. Izi ruziga ebyiri zituma stent iguma mu mwanya wayo idahinduka. Hari n'abantu bayita 'stent ebyiri-J'.

Kuki ugomba gushyiramo iyi stent?

Impamvu nyamukuru ni ukwirinda imbogamizi iyo ari yo yose ku gutembera kw'inkari no gutwara inkari mu ruhago bitabangamiye impyiko. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kubitera.

Ni ibihe bintu bigomba gukorwa mbere yuko stent ishyirwamo?

Kubera ko iki ari igikorwa cyo kubaga, muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza mbere yo kubagwa. Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza aya mabwiriza neza.

• Amateka yawe yose y'ubuzima: Bwira muganga wawe ibyo ufite byose, harimo n'izindi ndwara wagize, ndetse n'ubundi bubagwa bwose wigeze ukorerwa mbere.
• Imiti ufata: Ni ngombwa cyane kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose ufata, harimo na vitamine n'imiti y'ibimera. Imiti imwe (nk'imiti igabanya amaraso) ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso mu gihe cyo kubagwa.
• Allergie: Niba ufite allergie ku muti cyangwa ibiryo, menya neza ko wabivuze.
• Gupima amaraso: Ushobora gusabwa gukora ibizamini bimwe na bimwe by'amaraso, nka eGFR, kugira ngo urebe niba impyiko zawe zikora neza.
• Kwiyiriza ubusa: Uzasabwa guhagarika kurya cyangwa kunywa amasaha agera ku 8 mbere yo kubagwa. Ariko, niba ufite imiti y'ingenzi, baza muganga wawe niba ushobora kuyinywa ukoresheje amazi make.

Ese iki ni igikorwa gikomeye?

Oya, akenshi iki gikorwa kiba ari ukubaga byoroshye, nta gukomereka cyangwa gukomereka gukomeye. Abaganga babyita 'gukomereka gato'. Ibyo bivuze ko hari ibyangiritse bike ku mubiri. Akenshi ushobora gutaha nimugoroba. Ariko kubera ko uri munsi y'ikinya, ni ngombwa ko umuntu aza kugutwara mu rugo.

Bigenda bite iyo hashyizweho stent?

Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bukorwa n'inzobere mu by'inkari. Uburyo bwose bukorwa hakoreshejwe ikinya rusange, bityo ntuzumva ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kandi uzaba usinziriye neza.

1. Gupima: Ubwa mbere, muganga akoresha ubwoko bwa X-ray (fluoroscopy) cyangwa ultrasound scan kugira ngo amenye neza aho kuziba kw'inkari biri mu muyoboro w'inkari.

2. Gushyiramo cystoscope: Hanyuma, umuyoboro muremure kandi muremure ufite kamera (`cystoscope`) ushyirwamo unyuze mu muyoboro w'inkari no mu ruhago rwawe.

3. Gushyiramo stent: Hanyuma, insinga nto cyane (`guidewire`) inyuzwa muri `cystoscope` ikajya mu muyoboro w'inkari wafunzwe. Hanyuma stent iyoborwa kuri uwo muyoboro ikagera aho ikwiye.

4. Kurangiza: Iyo stent imaze gushyirwaho neza, insinga na cystoscope birakurwaho. Stent yonyine ni yo isigara imbere.

Igikorwa cyose kimara iminota itarenze 30, ariko uzakenera kumara amasaha menshi mu bitaro, harimo n'igihe cyo kwitegura kubagwa, gukira nyuma yo kubagwa, no kwemeza ko uri muzima.

Ni iki wakwitega nyuma yo gushyiramo stent?

Nubyuka uvuye mu gihe cyo gusinziriza, uzumva unaniwe gato kandi usinziriye. Uzahabwa imiti yo kugabanya ububabare.

• Amaraso mu nkari (hematuria): Ni ibisanzwe rwose kugira amaraso make mu nkari no kumera nk'umutuku mu minsi mike ya mbere. Ntugahangayike. Bizagenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro mu minsi mike. Ariko, ushobora kubona amaraso make kugeza igihe stent ikuweho.
• Kubabara no kubabara: Ushobora kumva ubushye gato cyangwa ububabare (`dysuria`) mu gihe uri kunyara. Ushobora kandi kumva ukeneye kunyara kenshi.
• Nywa amazi menshi: Muganga wawe azakubwira kunywa amazi menshi mu minsi mike. Ibi bizafasha impyiko zawe n'uruhago gukora neza.

Istent igomba gusigara mu mwanya wayo igihe kingana iki? Nayikuraho nte?

Akenshi, stent iba iy'igihe gito . Muganga wawe azayikuraho nyuma y'uko ikibazo kiri mu muyoboro wawe w'inkari (urugero: ibuye rikuweho, kubyimba kukagabanuka). Akenshi isigara aho iri mu mwanya wayo iminsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bike.

Ariko kuri bamwe, urugero, iyo urethra ifunze kubera ikibyimba, ishobora gukenera gusigara mu mwanya wayo mu gihe cy'amezi cyangwa imyaka. Kuri abo bantu, stent ishaje irakurwaho hanyuma hagashyirwaho indi nshya buri mezi 3-6 kugira ngo hirindwe indwara zandura (UTI).

Ese gukuraho stent birababaza?

Hari uburyo bubiri bwo gukuraho stent.

1. Stenti ifite umugozi: Hari stenti zimwe na zimwe z'igihe gito ziba zifite umugozi muto ku iherezo. Usohoka mu muyoboro w'inkari. Muganga akurura umugozi witonze agakuraho stent. Ubu ni uburyo bwihuse.

2. Imisemburo idafite insinga: Imisemburo imaze ibyumweru byinshi cyangwa birenga nta nsinga igira. Ikurwaho mu buryo buto bukorerwa kwa muganga. Ubwa mbere, umuti wo gupfuka ibisebe ushyirwa aho hantu, hagashyirwamo cystoscope, hanyuma stent igakurwaho hakoreshejwe forceps nto. Gupfuka ibisebe ntibitera ububabare bwinshi. Ariko, hashobora kubaho ububabare n'ububabare mu minsi mike nyuma y'uko gupfuka ibisebe birangiye.

Ni iki cyakorwa ku bibazo n'ububabare bibaho mu gihe umuntu afite stent?

Ikibabaje ni uko abantu bagera kuri 80% bafite stent bagira ububabare buke. Ubusanzwe ibi ntabwo ari ibintu bikomeye cyane.

• Uburibwe bw'inkari
• Gukenera kunyara kenshi
• Kubabara cyangwa gushya iyo uri kunyara
• Amaraso make mu nkari
• Ubwiyongere bw'ibyago byo kwandura indwara z'inkari (UTI)

Kuki bibabaza cyane iyo mfite stent mu mwanya wayo?

Ibi si bimwe kuri buri wese. Hari abantu bashobora kumva batameze neza, abandi bakarushaho kumva ububabare. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko iyo urimo kunyara, uruhago rurafunga. Hanyuma stent iri imbere mu rukuta rw'uruhago irakubita. Niyo mpamvu bamwe bumva ububabare.

Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare?

• Imiti igabanya ububabare: Ushobora gukoresha parasetamol cyangwa imiti igabanya ububabare itari iya steroide (NSAIDs) (urugero: ibuprofen). Ariko ntuzigere ufata imiti igabanya ububabare utabanje kugisha inama muganga .
• Imiti yihariye: Hari igihe muganga wawe akwandikira umuti nka tamsulosin. Nubwo iyi ari imiti ihabwa abagabo ku bibazo bya prostate, ishobora gufasha cyane ku bubabare no kumererwa nabi guterwa na stent.

Ni ryari ukwiye guhamagara muganga?

Nubwo kubabara gato ari ibisanzwe iyo ufite stent, niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye kwa muganga wita ku bibazo byihutirwa (ETU) by’ibitaro.