Tekereza ko ugize impanuka mu buryo butunguranye mu muhanda, cyangwa umuntu uri mu rugo akagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka agahita arwara. Muri icyo gihe, duhita duhangayika maze tugahamagara ikigo cyita ku butabazi bwihuse nk'uko byari bimeze mu 1990, sibyo? Nyuma y'igihe gito, imbangukiragutabara irahagera ifite siren. Umuntu wambaye imyenda yihuta arasohoka atangira gufasha umurwayi. Uyu ni umuganga? Ni umuforomo? Iki ni ikibazo benshi muri twe bafite. Mu by'ukuri, aba bantu bitwa abatekinisiye b'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, cyangwa nkuko twese tubazi, EMT (Emergency Medical Technician) . Ibyo ni byo tugiye kuvugaho muri iyi nkuru uyu munsi.
EMT ni nde mu by'ukuri?
Muri make, EMT ni umuhanga watojwe by’umwihariko gutanga ubuvuzi bwihutirwa n’ubutabazi bw’ibanze hanze y’ibitaro, haba aho impanuka yabereye cyangwa mu gihe ajyanye umurwayi kwa muganga. Akazi ke ka mbere ni ukurinda ubuzima bw’umurwayi no kumurinda indwara kugeza igihe agereye kwa muganga agahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye.
Ariko hari ikintu tugomba gusobanukirwa neza. EMT si umuganga, umuforomo, cyangwa umufasha w'umuganga. Nanone, irindi jambo dukunze kumva ni 'Paramedic.' EMT n'umukozi w'umuganga ni abantu babiri batandukanye.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya EMT na Paramedic?
Aba bombi ni abantu badufasha mu bihe byihutirwa. Ariko itandukaniro rikomeye riri mu myitozo yabo n'uburyo butandukanye bashobora gukora.
- EMT (Umuganga w’Ingoboka): Bafite imyitozo y’ibanze. Bashobora gukora imirimo y’ibanze nko gutanga ubufasha bw’ibanze, gutanga umwuka wa ogisijeni, gupfuka ibikomere, guhagarika amagufwa yavunitse, no gukora CPR mu gihe umuntu yakubiswe.
- Paramedic: Bafite imyitozo ihanitse kurusha EMT, bityo bashobora gukora ibintu bigoye kurushaho. Urugero, bashobora gushyira cannula mu mitsi ( IV - Intravenous line ) kugira ngo batange saline cyangwa imiti, batange imiti yihutirwa, kandi bakoreshe imashini zigenzura imikorere y'umutima (ECG).
Mu magambo make, EMT igarukira ku kuvura ku buryo bworoshye. Ibi bivuze ko muri rusange batemerewe gukora ibikorwa byo kuvura indwara zitandukanye. Ariko, hari ibintu bike bidasanzwe kuri ibi, nko gutera inshinge za epinephrine mu gihe habayeho ubwivumbure bukomeye.
Ni izihe nshingano z'ingenzi za EMT?
Umunsi w’abaganga b’inzobere mu by’ubuzima (EMT) uba wuzuyemo ibintu byinshi kandi byuzuyemo ibintu bitunguranye. Inshingano zabo nyamukuru ni ukwitaba ubutabazi bwihutirwa, gutanga ubuvuzi burokora ubuzima ku muntu ukeneye ubufasha, no kumutwara mu bitaro mu mutekano. Reka turebe icyo bakora.
| Akazi karimo gukorwa | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Kwitaba terefone zihutirwa | Nk’uko byari bimeze mu 1990, iyo habaga hahamagawe nimero y’ubutabazi, imbangukiragutabara yajyaga aho ikwiye. |
| Kugenzura uko umurwayi ameze | Gusuzuma uko umurwayi amerewe aho yabereye hasuzumwa uburyo ahumeka, aho umutima uhagaze n'aho asobanukiwe. |
| Gutanga ubufasha bw'ibanze bwihutirwa | Ibintu nko guhagarika kuva amaraso, gusukura no gupfuka ibikomere, gutanga ogisijeni, no guhagarika amagufwa yavunitse. |
| Gutanga ubuvuzi burokora ubuzima | Iyo guhumeka cyangwa umutima uhagaze, gerageza kurokora ubuzima utanga ubuvuzi nka CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . |
| Gutwara abantu kugera kwa muganga | Kujyana umurwayi mu Ishami ry’Ubuvuzi bw’Ingoboka (ETU) ry’ibitaro vuba kandi mu mutekano ushoboka. |
| Gutanga raporo ku bakozi b'ubuvuzi | Nyuma yo kugera kwa muganga, ni ngombwa cyane guha abaganga n'abakozi bo muri ETU inkuru yuzuye y'ibyabaye ku murwayi, uburyo yavuwe, n'uko ubuzima bwe bumeze ubu. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. |
Ni izihe mpamyabushobozi zikenewe kugira ngo umuntu abe EMT?
Kuba EMT ntabwo byoroshye. Bisaba amahugurwa yihariye n'ubwitange. Ubusanzwe, ugomba kuba wararangije impamyabumenyi y'ibanze (nka GCE O/L cyangwa A/L). Nyuma y'ibyo,
1. Icyemezo cya CPR: Ubwa mbere, ugomba kwiga amasomo y'ibanze muri CPR n'ubutabazi bw'ibanze hanyuma ukabona icyemezo.
2. Amasomo ya EMT: Hanyuma, ugomba gufata amahugurwa ya EMT mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cy’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi. Ibi akenshi bifata amasaha agera kuri 120-150.
3. Gutsinda ikizamini: Nyuma y'amasomo, ugomba gukora no gutsinda ikizamini cyo ku rwego rw'igihugu cyangwa icy'igihugu gifitanye isano.
4. Uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga: Kugira ngo utware imbangukiragutabara, ukeneye amahugurwa yihariye n'uruhushya.
Nyuma yo kurangiza izi mpamyabumenyi z'ibanze, umuntu ubyifuza ashobora gukomeza amahugurwa menshi akaba EMT yo mu rwego rwo hejuru , bizamufasha gukora ubuvuzi buhanitse, nko gutanga amazi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso .
Ni ryari ukeneye ubufasha bwa EMT?
Ukeneye ubufasha bwa EMT gusa mu gihe cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze. Muri ibyo bihe, hamagara serivisi z’ubutabazi bw’ibanze utiriwe utekereza kabiri.
Wibuke ko nubwo byaba bisa n'aho ari ibintu bito, buri gihe ni byiza guhamagara ikigo cyita ku bibazo byihutirwa niba utabizi neza. Ni byiza gutinda kuruta gusaba imbabazi.
Dore zimwe mu bihe aho ubufasha bwa EMT ari ngombwa.
| Ibyihutirwa | Urugero... |
|---|---|
| Indwara y'umutima | Ububabare bukabije butunguranye hagati mu gituza, ububabare bugera ku kuboko kw'ibumoso, guhumeka bigoranye, no kubira ibyuya byinshi. |
| Ibikomere by'impanuka | Gukomereka bikomeye, kuva amaraso, cyangwa kuvunika byatewe n'impanuka y'imodoka, kugwa uvuye hejuru, cyangwa kugonga ikintu. |
| Guhumeka bigoranye | Kurushaho kugira asima, ikintu cyafashe mu muhogo, cyangwa kunanirwa guhumeka kubera indi mpamvu iyo ari yo yose. |
| Indwara ikomeye y'ubwivumbure (Anaphylaxis) | Uduheri ku mubiri wose, amaso n'umunwa birabyimba, no guhumeka bigoranye bitewe n'ibiryo, imiti, cyangwa kurumwa n'udukoko. |
| Ingorane zitunguranye za diyabete | Umuntu urwaye diyabete ashobora kugira isukari nke cyane mu maraso (hypoglycemia) kandi agatakaza ubwenge cyangwa agafatwa n'igicuri. |
Mu bihe nk'ibi, serivisi y'imbangukiragutabara ifite EMTs ni yo nzira yawe ya mbere yo kwirwanaho. Bazakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bagugeze kwa muganga mu bitaro mu mutekano.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- EMT ni umuntu watojwe kuguha ubuvuzi bw'ibanze mbere yo kukujyana kwa muganga mu gihe cy'impanuka. Si abaganga.
- Umuganga w’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi afite imyitozo myinshi n’ubushobozi bwo kuvura mu buryo bugoye kurusha EMT.
- Mu gihe habayeho ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi, nk’impanuka, indwara y’umutima, cyangwa guhumeka nabi, ntutindiganye guhamagara serivisi z’ubutabazi nko mu 1990.
- Igihe EMT ihageze, bizaba byiza cyane kugufasha, nta guhangayika, no gusobanura neza ibyabaye n'uko umurwayi amerewe.
- Akazi kabo ni ukugukomeza kugeza igihe uzagezwa kwa muganga mu bitaro nta nkomyi.
💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.