Wakambonzwa nezve fMRI, iyo inogona kutarisa mashandiro anoita uropi hwako here? (Functional MRI)

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana zveuropi hwedu zvinoshanda sei uye kuti zvinopindurana sei? Dzimwe nguva, kunyanya vasati vaita chimwe chinhu chakadai sekuvhiyiwa kweuropi, vanachiremba vanoda kuziva chaizvo kuti ndeapi zvikamu zveuropi zviri kuita basa rakakosha uye kuti ndeapi zvikamu zvinogona kuva panjodzi kana zvikakuvara. Nhasi, tichataura nezve scan chaiyo inoshandiswa panguva dzakadai uye inogona kuburitsa zvimwe zvezvakavanzika zviri muuropi.

Chii chinonzi fMRI? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...

Muchidimbu, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) i scan inoratidza mashandiro ezvikamu zvehuropi hwedu, kureva kuti, kuti zvikamu izvozvo zviri kushanda zvakadii panguva yakatarwa. Pamwe wakambonzwa nezve MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan. Inosanganisira kupinda mumuchina mukuru, wakatenderera. Inoshandisa simba remagineti rakasimba, mafungu eredhiyo, uye tekinoroji yekombuta kutora mifananidzo yakajeka ye3D yemukati memuviri wedu. Chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti haishandisi mwaranzi seX-ray. Saka hapana chikonzero chekunetseka nezvekusangana nemwaranzi.

Zvino, iyi fMRI scan inoitwa nemuchina weMRI wakajairika. Asi chinoshamisa pane uyu ndechekuti unogona kutarisa kuyerera kweropa kuenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi hwako. Funga nezvazvo, kana masero edu europi ari kushanda, anoda okisijeni yakawanda. Zvadaro okisijeni iyoyo inotakurwa neropa. Saka, nzvimbo dzine kuyerera kweropa kwakawanda ndidzo nzvimbo dzeuropi dzinonyanya kushanda. Nzvimbo idzodzo dzinoita sedzakajeka mu fMRI scan. Unonzwisisa here kuti izvozvo zvinoitika sei?

Chii chinoshandiswa pakuongorora kwe fMRI?

Nekutarisa kuyerera kweropa uye mashandiro ari muzvikamu zvakasiyana zveuropi hwako, vanachiremba vanogona kuziva kuti ndeipi chikamu cheuropi hwako chinodzora basa kana kugona kwacho. Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru pakuronga kuvhiyiwa kweuropi kana mamwe maitiro ekurapa anogona kukanganisa uropi. Fungidzira kuti unoda kuvhiyiwa pane chimwe chikamu cheuropi hwako. Ipapo chiremba weuropi anogona kushandisa iyi fMRI kuronga kuvhiyiwa. Inogonawo kuona kuti ndeapi zvikamu zveuropi zviri kuita mabasa akakosha uye zvinofanira kusiiwa zvisina kukanganiswa . Iyi fMRI scan inogona kuitwa pavakuru pamwe nevana vadiki.

Semuenzaniso, kufamba kwetsandanyama kunodzorwa nenzvimbo chaiyo iri pamberi peuropi hwedu. Kana ukakumbira mumwe munhu kuti arove minwe yako panguva yekuongorora fMRI, scan yacho icharatidza kuti ndeapi mativi europi anobatanidzwa mukuita ikoko. Chiremba weuropi anobva aziva kushanda asingavakuvadze.

Heano mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kana nzira dzekurapa dzingada kuronga rudzi urwu:

• Pfari:Kana pfari isingadzorwi nemishonga kana mamwe marapirwo, kuvhiyiwa kweuropi (kuvhiyiwa kwepfari) kunogona kudiwa.
• Matumbu emuuropi: Kuvhiyiwa kungadiwa kubvisa marudzi ese ematumbu, ese ari maviri ane kenza uye asina njodzi.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi kuuropi: Kurapa nemwaranzi chaiyo kunogona kushandiswa pazvirwere zvakawanda zveuropi, zvakaita sekenza nematambudziko ekufamba kweropa.
• Kuongororwa mushure mekurapwa: Kuongororwa uku kunobatsirawo kuona kana paine shanduko mukushanda kweuropi mushure mekurapwa kwakati.

Pamusoro pezvo, vaongorori vari kutsvaga mamwe mashandisirwo e fMRI. Semuenzaniso, pane humbowo hwekuti inogona kubatsira muzvinhu zvakaita se biofeedback therapy .

Kuongororwa kwe fMRI kwakajairika sei?

Nekuti mabhenefiti ekurapa ekuongorora fMRI haana kukwana, haawanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzehutano. Zvipatara zvidiki kana nzvimbo dzehutano dzinogona kunge dzisina nzvimbo dzekuitisa kuongorora fMRI. Kana uchida imwe, ungangoda kuenda kunzvimbo yekurapa yakakura.

Ndingagadzirira sei scan iyi?

Pazuva rekuongorora kwako kwe fMRI, haufanirwe kunwa chero chinhu chine caffeine , sezvo ichigona kukanganisa mhedzisiro ye fMRI. Kana uri kutora chero mishonga, chiremba wako achakupa mazano ekuti ungaitora sei (uye nguva yekurega kuitora) usati waongorora.

Kufanana neMRI scan yenguva dzose, fMRI scan inoshandisa magneti yakasimba kwazvo. Magineti iyi yakasimba zvekuti inogona kukuvadza zvimwe zvinhu uye inogona kukwezva zvinhu zvine magnetic nekukurumidza. Kunyangwe zvinhu zvesimbi zvakajairika zvinogona kuva nengozi pedyo nemuchina weMRI.

Saka, mbatya dzaunopfeka, zvishongo zvaunoshandisa, uye mapini ebvudzi aunoshandisa hazvifanirwe kunge zvine zvikamu zvesimbi. Izvi zvinoshanda kwete chete kusimbi dzine hunhu hwemagineti, asiwo kune mamwe marudzi ese esimbi. Nekuti kunyangwe simbi dzisiri dzemagineti dzinogona kukanganisa kujeka kwescan.

Zvinhu zvausingafaniri kuuya nazvo kana kupfeka kumuchina weMRI

• Zvishongo, mawachi, makadhi echikwereti uye zvinhu zvinobatsira kunzwa .
• Mapini, mapini esimbi, mabrassiere ane waya pasi, uye mazipi esimbi (izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mifananidzo yeMRI).
• Mazino ekugadzira anobviswa .
• Mapeni, mapanga emuhomwe kana maturusi akawanda .
• Kuboorwa kwemuviri .
• Nharembozha, mawachi emagetsi uye zvishandiso zvekutevera .

Zvechokwadi pane chimwe chinhu chekuudza chiremba !

Kana uine chimwe chezvirwere zvinotevera, unofanira kuzivisa chiremba wako usati waita MRI:

• Chinogadzirisa mwoyo kana kuti chinodzikisa mwoyo .
• Zvishandiso zvemagetsi kana zvakaisirwa. Mienzaniso inosanganisira: zvinosimudzira uropi zvakadzika , zvinosimudzira tsinga dzemudumbu , zvinosimudzira dundira, zvinosimudzira musana, zvinosimudzira neuro , uye maerekitironi kana waya dzakaisirwa.
• Majoini ekutsiva .
• Zvigadzirwa zveCochlear kana zvimwe zvinoiswa munzeve.
• Pombi dzemishonga dzakaiswa . Mienzaniso: dziya dzinopa mishonga inoderedza marwadzo, dziya dzinopa mishonga inoderedza kuomarara kwetsandanyama (spasticity) .
• Mashunt anogona kurongwa .
• Zvidimbu zveAneurysm uye macoil .
• Ma stents asiri mumoyo.
• Mafirita, semuenzaniso mafirita eropa.
• Zvidimbu zvesimbi zvakanamira mumuviri wako kana mumaziso. Mienzaniso: mabara, zvimedu , zvimedu zvesimbi kana upfu.
• Chinoongorora shuga (CGM) chinoenderera mberi .
• Pombi ye insulin .
• Chigamba chemushonga chaunonamira pane imwe nzvimbo pamuviri wako.

Uyewo, unofanira kuudza chiremba wako nezvezvinhu izvi usati waongororwa fMRI:

• Kana uine pamuviri kana kuti uchifunga kuti ungangove uine pamuviri.
• Kana paine chikonzero nei usingakwanise kurara nemusana wako panguva yese yebvunzo.
• Kana uine claustrophobia (kureva kutya nzvimbo dzakamanikana). Fungidzira kuti unotya kuva mukamuri diki. Kana uine rudzi irworwo rwekutya, unganzwa kusagadzikana zvishoma paunopinda mumuchina iwoyo. Ndosaka uchifanira kuudza chiremba pachine nguva.

Kana uine claustrophobia, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuti utore mishonga yekudzivirira kuzvidya mwoyo panguva yekuongororwa kana kuti nguva pfupi usati waongororwa. Izvi zvinogona kusiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu, saka kana uchinzwa kuzvidya mwoyo panguva yekuongororwa kweFMRI, bvunza chiremba wako kana uchigona kutora mishonga yacho.

Kunyangwe vana vadiki vanogona kupihwa fMRI, asi vangangoda kupihwa mishonga inovazorodza. Chiremba wemwana wenyu anogona kukutsanangurirai kuti ndeapi sarudzo uye zvavanokurudzira.

Chii chinoitika panguva yekuongorora kwe fMRI?

Kuongororwa kwe fMRI kunoitwa nenzira imwecheteyo ne MRI scan yenguva dzose. Panguva yekuongororwa, unorara pamubhedha uye mubhedha unotamiswa wakananga kumuchina we MRI. Kazhinji, fMRI inoshandisa MRI scanner yechinyakare yakaita serin'i. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti magineti iri mumuchina we MRI wakavhurika kazhinji haina kusimba zvakanyanya.

Panguva yekuongorora fMRI, musoro wako unoiswa mukati mechinhu chakaita sengowani chinonzi head coil . Iyi coil inobatsira kuwana mifananidzo yakajeka. Unofanirawo kupfeka mahedhifoni akakosha anodzima ruzha kuti udzivise ruzha kubva kumuchina weMRI. Mahedhifoni aya ane chimwe chinobatsira. Vashandi vezvehutano, vakaita sevana MRI technologists kana vanachiremba ve radiation, vanogona kutaura newe uye kukupa mirairo panguva yekuskena.

Musiyano mukuru uripo pakati peMRI yenguva dzose nefMRI ndeyekuita . Panguva yekuongororwa kwefMRI, vashandi vehutano vanokukumbira kuti utaure, utenderedze chigunwe chako, kana kuita chimwe chinhu chakareruka chakadaro. Paunenge uchiita izvozvo, fMRI inoongorora kuyerera kweropa rako kuti ione kuti ndeapi zvikamu zveuropi hwako zvinonyanya kushanda. Zvadaro inoenzanisa izvozvo nezvawaiita panguva iyoyo. Ndiyo nzira yavano "gadzira" zvikamu zveuropi hwako, vachiona zviri kuitika.

Mabasa aya anogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri:

• Sisitimu yekuvhara: Musisitimu iyi, unopiwa nguva pfupi yekuita basa, uchiteverwa nenguva pfupi yekuzorora. Nguva idzi dzinonzi mabhuroko.
• Sisitimu yezviitiko: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuita mabasa akati wandei akatevedzana pasina zororo.

Chiremba wako angangoda kuita chikamu che fMRI se "resting state scan" . Munguva iyi, unongorara pasi mu scanner (chiremba wako angakukumbira kuti urambe wakavhura kana kuvhara maziso ako). Izvi zvinoita kuti chiremba aone uye aone mutsauko uripo muuropi hwako pakati penguva yaunenge wakazorora uye yaunenge wakamuka.

Unoita fMRI uchishandisa zvinhu zvinosiyanisa here? (Functional MRI ine musiyano)

Kufanana neMRI scan yenguva dzose, fMRI scans dzimwe nguva inogona kushandisa chinhu chakasiyana chine gadolinium . Gadolinium iyi inopinzwa mutsinga (IV) (kureva kuti, kuburikidza neimwe yetsinga dzako) kuti ibatsire nemimwe miedzo. Inokubvumira kuona mamwe maumbirwo ari mumuviri wako kana muuropi zvakajeka.

Kuongororwa kwe fMRI kunotora nguva yakareba sei?

Kuongororwa kwe fMRI kunowanzo tora awa imwe chete. Zvinogona kutora nguva yakati rebei kana chiremba achida ruzivo rwakawanda kuti aongorore, kana kuti achida kuita rumwe rudzi rwe MRI scan pamwe chete ne fMRI.

Chii chinoitika mushure mebvunzo iyi?

Unogona kuenda kumba kana wangopedza kuongorora fMRI. Zvisinei, kana wakapihwa mushonga wekuzvidya mwoyo panguva yekuongorora fMRI, mumwe munhu achafanira kukuendesa kumba nemotokari. Nyanzvi yeX-ray ichaongorora kuongorora, yoongorora, uye yokuudza zvabuda, pamwe chete nachiremba akakutumira kuti uongorore (semuenzaniso , nyanzvi yezveuropi kana chiremba wepfungwa) .

Ndezvipi zvakanakira fMRI?

fMRI inonyanya kubatsira pakuronga kuvhiyiwa usati wavhiyiwa . Inobvumira vanachiremba veuropi kunzwisisa zviri nani mashandiro anoita maumbirwo akasiyana europi. Izvi zvinovabvumira kuita kuvhiyiwa pasina kukuvadza zvikamu zvinokosha zveuropi, zvichideredza njodzi yekurasikirwa nemabasa anodzorwa nezvikamu izvozvo.

Kune mimwe miedzo inogona kubatsira pakuronga, asi fMRI inowanzova sarudzo iri nani. Nekuti mimwe miedzo inowanzova inonyanya kukanganisa , inoda mishonga inogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa, kana kuti isiri chaiyo pakuyera nzvimbo dzehuropi dziripo.

Pane zvazvakaipira kana njodzi dziripo pakushandisa fMRI here?

Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe bvunzo, fMRI ine zvimwe zvakaipira. Dambudziko guru ihukama huripo pakati penguva yekuongorora fMRI nekumhanya kwebasa redu rehuropi. Fungidzira uchitora mufananidzo wemunhu achimhanya nekukurumidza. Zvichienzaniswa nekumhanya kwehuropi, kumhanya uko fMRI inounganidza data kunononoka zvishoma. Kureva kuti, basa rehuropi rinogona kuchinja nemakumi emamirisekonzi musekondi, asi fMRI inogona kungobata zvinoitika sekondi nesekondi. Nokudaro, shanduko dzakaoma, dzinokurumidza dzinogona kushaikwa.

Njodzi dze fMRI dzakaderera zvikuru. Dzakafanana nedze MRI yenguva dzose. Migumisiro ye gadolinium contrast yakadererawo zvikuru. Chinhu chikuru chinotarisirwa kuchengetedza simbi. Unofanira kutevedzera mirairo yese yakapihwa nachiremba wako nevashandi vekiriniki nezvekuchengetedza simbi. Kana uine mibvunzo, usatya kuvabvunza.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peEEG nefMRI?

Electroencephalogram (EEG) bvunzo inoyera uye inorekodha mashandiro ehuropi hwako. Muchina weEEG unoratidza mashandiro ehuropi hwako semafungu akatevedzana pabepa kana padhijitari. Kunyange zvazvo zvese zvichinyora data rakafanana, fMRI inoiratidza semufananidzo.

Saka, chii chatinofanira kurangarira kubva pane izvi?

fMRI tekinoroji itsva. Kunyangwe yave iripo kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu, yakavhura ruzivo rutsva pamusoro pekushanda kwehuropi. Nhasi, inobatsira zvikuru pakugadzira mapu ekushanda kwehuropi uye kuratidza kuti ndeapi mativi ehuropi anoshanda panguva yemamwe mabasa kana zviitiko. Ingave iri fMRI scan yako kana yemwana wako, nzira iyi yekuskena inobatsira ma neurosurgeons kuronga maoparesheni avo pasina kukuvadza mativi akawanda akakosha sezvinobvira. Saka, kana uchizoongororwa, usatya uye tevera mirairo yachiremba.

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