Madhuri, amai vane vana vaviri vane makore makumi matatu nemaviri, vakauya kukiriniki yangu mangwanani iwayo, vakandibvunza vachida kuziva zvakawanda uye vachitya.
"Dr. Priya, ndinogara ndichibikira mhuri yedu mupunga muchitofu. Asi nguva pfupi yadarika ndakaona mupepanhau kuti mupunga unogona kunge uine arsenic, kemikari inokuvadza muviri. Izvi ndezvechokwadi here, chiremba? Izvi zvichakuvadza vana vangu vadiki here? Hapana nzira yekuti tidzivise izvi here?" Madhuri akabvunza.
Ndakanyaradza Madhuri ndikati, "Madhuri, mubvunzo wawakabvunza wakakosha zvikuru. Mazuva ano, 95% yemhuri inobika mupunga muchitofu nekuyera mvura. Nzira iyi yekubika pasina kusefa mvura inowedzera mikana yekuti arsenic iri mupunga ipinde mumiviri yedu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvekuti arsenic inopinda sei mupunga, kuti inokuvadza sei miviri yedu, uye kuti tingabvisa sei arsenic kubva mupunga tichishandisa nzira dzesainzi dzakashandiswa nemadzitateguru edu."
Arsenic inobva kupi mumupunga?
Arsenic chinhu chinowanikwa zvakasikwa muhuwandu hushoma muvhu, mumvura, nemhepo. Zvisinei, arsenic inowanikwawo muhuwandu hwakawanda mumishonga yezvipembenene nesora (sora) uye fetereza dzemakemikari dzinowanzoshandiswa mukurima kwemazuva ano.
Sezvo zvirimwa zvemupunga zvichinwa mvura yakawanda kupfuura mimwe miriwo panguva yekukura, arsenic inonyungudika muvhu nemvura inonyungudika nyore nyore uye inoiswa muzviyo zvemupunga. Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti mupunga ndiwo musimboti mukuru wekudya wearsenic unopinda mumuviri wemunhu. Arsenic ine mhando mbiri huru:
1. Organic Arsenic: Haina chepfu yakawanda.
2. Arsenic Isina Kugadzirwa: Iyi ndiyo mhando yearsenic ine chepfu yakanyanya.
🚨 Zviratidzo Zvitsvuku zveArsenic Chepfu Yakawanda Inofanira Kurapwa Nekukurumidza
Zviratidzo zvinotevera zvine njodzi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwekuwanda kwearsenic mumuviri (Arsenic Poisoning), uye kana zvakadaro, rubatsiro rwechiremba runofanira kutsvagwa nekukurumidza:
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu uye kurutsa nguva dzose.
- Manyoka ane mvura ane hwema husinganzwisisike, hwakafanana nekunhuhwirira kwegariki.
- Kunzwa kusanzwa/kunzwa kurwadza mumaoko netsoka.
- Mavara matema paganda asingaonekwe uye tsandanyama dzakasimba uye dzinorwadza.
Kukuvadzwa kwenguva refu kwemuviri kubva kuarsenic
Kuunganidzwa kwenguva refu kwearsenic mupunga kunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakakomba:
1. Kukanganisa vana vadiki:
Vana vadiki vanonyanya kunzwa arsenic nekuti metabolism yavo inokurumidza kana tichienzanisa nehukuru hwemuviri wavo.
- Kuderedzwa kweIQ (intelligence quotient): Kukura kwemasero europi kunogona kukanganiswa, zvichikonzera kusadzidza zvakanaka uye kukura kwepfungwa dzevana.
- Kusasimba kwemuviri: Kuwedzera kwekatsika kekurwara nguva nenguva.
2. Kukanganisa vanhu vakuru:
- Njodzi yekenza: Kugara uchishandisa arsenic kwenguva refu kunowedzera njodzi yekenza yeganda , kenza yemapapu, uye kenza yedundira .
- Chirwere chemwoyo nechirwere cheshuga: Zvinokuvadza madziro etsinga, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekurwara nemoyo, uye zvinokanganisa mashandiro e insulin, zvichikonzera chirwere cheshuga.
Tsvagiridzo yesainzi pamusoro penzira dzekubika mupunga
Masayendisiti akaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka pahuwandu hwearsenic inobviswa panguva yekubika mupunga:
- Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa naAndrea Raab nechikwata: Vakaratidza kuti kana tikashandisa chiyero chemvura chishoma chatinowanzo shandisa kubika mupunga muchitofu (senge makapu maviri nehafu emvura pakapu imwe chete yemupunga), arsenic iri mupunga haibviswi zvachose, uye inowedzerwa mumuviri nemupunga.
- Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa naM. Azizur Rahman nechikwata: Vakaona kuti nekuwedzera mvura yakawanda vachibika mupunga uye vozosefa mvura yasara mushure mekunge mupunga wabikwa (Draining Method), inopfuura 50% yearsenic isina kugadzirwa iri mumupunga inobviswa pamwe chete nemvura.
Uchenjeri hwesainzi hwemadzitateguru edu
Vanasekuru vedu vaibika mupunga pachitofu nekuwedzera mvura muhari huru. Mushure mekunge mupunga wabikwa, vaishandisa chisefa kuti vabvise mvura yemupunga yakawandisa (mvura yemupunga).
Kunyange zvazvo vaisaziva chikonzero chesainzi cheizvi panguva iyoyo, tsvakiridzo yemakemikari yemazuva ano yakasimbisa kuti nzira yakanakisisa uye ine hutano yekubvisa arsenic kubva mumupunga yaive "nzira yekusefa porridge" yaishandiswa nemadzitateguru edu.
Matanho mashanu ekutevera kuti ubike mupunga zvakachengeteka
Unogona kuderedza zviri nyore huwandu hwearsenic mupunga kumba nekutevera matanho aya:
1. Geza mupunga zvakanaka: Usati wabika, sukurudza mupunga zvakanaka. Kusuka kunobvisa inenge 10% ye arsenic iri kunze kwemupunga.
2. Mupunga wekunyikisa: Nyika mupunga mumvura kwemaawa mana kusvika masere kana husiku hwese usati wabika. Wobva wadurura mvura wosuka zvakare.
3. Kuwedzera mvura: Wedzera mvura yakapetwa katanhatu pane yakajairika (makapu matanhatu emvura pakapu imwe chete yemupunga) wobva wabika.
4. Bvisa mvura yakawandisa: Mushure mekunge mupunga wabikwa, bvisa mvura yasara mupoto woibvisa zvachose.
5. Shandisa mvura yakachena: Kana uchigara munzvimbo dzine arsenic yakawanda mumvura (semuenzaniso nzvimbo dzeRajarata), shandisa mvura yakacheneswa (Filter/RO Water) panzvimbo pemvura yemutsime yekugeza nekubika mupunga.
Zvinofanira kuitwa uye Zvisingafaniri kuitwa
| ✔️ Zvinhu zvekuita (Zviito) | ❌ Zvisingafaniri kuitwa |
|---|---|
| Wedzerai zvakasiyana-siyana pakudya kwevana venyu. Pamusoro pemupunga, ipaiwo mbatatisi dzemuno dzakadai sekurakkan, thanahal, uye mufarinya. | Musapa vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu mukaka wemupunga senzira yekutanga yekutsiva mukaka. |
| Pakutenga mupunga, edza kusarudza mhando dzemupunga dzemuno dzinorimwa nenzira yechisikigo. | Usabikire mupunga zvakananga mumudziyo wekubikira mupunga usina kuusuka zvakanaka uye kuunyika mumvura. |
| Kana mupunga wangobikwa, usasiye muchina wekubikira mupunga uri pa "Warm" kusvika mvura yaoma, asi dururira mvura ipapo ipapo. | Kurudzirai varimi kuti vaderedze kushandiswa kwefetereza yemakemikari nemishonga yesora zvisina kufanira pakurima. |
❓ Mimwe mibvunzo yaungave nayo (FAQ)
Arsenic inogona kubviswa zvachose nekusuka nekunyika mupunga here? ▼
Kwete, hazvigone kubviswa zvachose. Kunyange zvazvo kusukwa nekunyikwa zvichibvisa zvimwe, zvakawanda zvezvasara zvinogona kubviswa nekubika mumvura yakawanda wozosvina mvura.
Sei zvisina kukodzera kupa vana vadiki mukaka wemupunga? ▼
Mukaka wemupunga une arsenic yakawanda kwazvo. Huwandu uhwu hwearsenic, kana tichienzanisa nehuremu hwemuviri hwevana vadiki, hunogona kukonzera kukuvara kukuru mukukura kwavo nepfungwa dzavo, saka haufanirwe kupihwa kuvana vari pasi pemakore mashanu.
Kabhichi dzvuku rine arsenic yakawanda kupfuura kabhichi chena here? ▼
Ehe, kazhinji, chikamu chekunze chemupunga (bran/husk) chinowanzo unganidzwa nearsenic. Kunyangwe mupunga mutsvuku kana mupunga webrown une bran uchinyanya kuva neutano, huwandu hwearsenic hunogona kunge hwakakwira zvishoma pane mupunga muchena. Saka, zvakakosha kunyikisa nekusefa mvura paunenge uchibika mupunga webran.
Ungabika sei mupunga mumudziyo wekubika mupunga usina arsenic? ▼
Unogona kubika mupunga mu rice cooker nekuwedzera mvura. Kana mupunga wabikwa zvakanaka, dzima rice cooker, bvisa mvura yakawandisa, wobva wabatidza cooker zvakare (paWarm setting) kuti mupunga uome zvishoma.
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