Dzimwe nguva unomboerekana waona zvichikuomera kufema here? Chipfuva chako chinonzwa chakaoma uye chichidzipwa here? Ichi chiitiko chinowanzoitika uye chisingafadzi, kunyanya kune munhu ane chirwere chekufema kwenguva refu seasthma kana COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). Saka, munyaya ino, tichataura zviri nyore nezvechinhu chinobatsira panguva dzakadai uye chinoita kuti kufema kuve nyore. Zita rekurapa reizvi ndi 'Bronchodilators'.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Bronchodilator iyi?
Zita iri ringanzwika serakaoma zvishoma, asi mashandiro aro ari nyore kwazvo. Ngatirinzwisisei nenzira iyi.
Fungidzira kuti une network yemachubhu madiki anotakura mweya kuenda kumapapu ako. Aya anonzi bronchi. Kazhinji, mhepo inofamba zviri nyore nemumachubhu aya. Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai seasthma, tsandanyama dzakatetepa dzakatenderedza machubhu aya dzinosimba, zvichiita kuti maburi ari mumachubhu aite diki. Zvakafanana nemunhu ari kudzvanya pombi yemvura. Chii chinoitika ipapo? Hapana nzvimbo yakakwana yekuti mweya upfuure nepakati. Mugumisiro wacho unonetsa kufema, kufemereka, uye kusimba kwechipfuva.
Mishonga inobvisa mabronchodilator inozorodza tsandanyama dzakasimba uye inotambanudza nzira dzekufema dzakamanikana. Izvi zvinoita kuti mhepo ipfuure nepakati zviri nani uye zvinoita kuti kufema kuve nyore. Ndizvo chaizvo zvinoreva zita racho. 'Broncho' zvinoreva nzira yekufema, uye 'dilator' zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chinokura.
Pane chimwezve chakanakira mishonga iyi. Kana nzira dzekufema dzichikura, zvinova nyore kuti zvinhu zvakaita semapundu akabatwa maari zvibude. Zvadaro zvinova nyore kukosora mapundu.
Mishonga iyi inonyanya kuwanikwa kwatiri semushonga wekufema uye mushonga we nebulizer. Nebulizer muchina unoshandura mushonga kuita mhute diki, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kufema.
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemabronchodilators:
Mishonga iyi inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri makuru zvichienderana nekumhanya kwayo uye nguva yekushanda kwayo. Kunzwisisa musiyano uripo pakati pemishonga iyi kwakakosha zvikuru pakurapwa kwako.
| Fomu remushonga | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Mishonga yebronchodilator inoshanda kwenguva pfupi | Izvi zvakafanana ne "vanodzima moto." Kana pakaitika dambudziko rekukurumidzira rakadai sechirwere cheasthma,Rudzi urwu runoshandiswa kupa zororo nekukasika . Dzinotanga kushanda nekukurumidza. Asi kushanda kwadzo kunotora nguva pfupi, maawa angangoita 3-6. Izvi zvinonziwo "Rescue Inhaler". |
| Mishonga inobvisa mabronchodilator inoshanda kwenguva refu | Izvi zvakafanana ne "vachengeti vekuchengetedza." Izvi hazvishandiswe panguva yekukurumidzira. Imhando yemushonga unotorwa zuva nezuva kudzivirira zviratidzo uye kuchengetedza nzira dzekufema dzakavhurika mukati mezuva . Unogara kwemaawa angangoita gumi nemaviri. Izvi zvinofanirwa kutorwa nguva dzose, sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako, panguva yakakodzera. |
Zvakakosha kugara uine mushonga wako wekudzivirira chirwere (short-acting inhaler). Asi kana uchida kuushandisa kanopfuura kaviri pasvondo, chiratidzo chekuti chirwere chako hachina kudzorwa zvakanaka. Iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
Ndedzipi mhando huru dzemabronchodilators?
Mishonga iyi yakakamurwazve kuita mhando nhatu huru zvichienderana nemashandiro ayo.
1. Beta 2-agonists
Idzi ndidzo mhando dzinonyanya kushandiswa. Dzinowanikwa mumhando dzekushanda kwenguva pfupi nedzekushanda kwenguva refu.
- Ma-agonists e-beta 2-agonists anoshandiswa kwenguva pfupi (SABAs): Aya ndiwo ma "Rescue Inhalers" atambotaura. Aya anobatsira kupa zororo nekukurumidza kana zviratidzo zveasthma zvabuda. Anoshanda mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri uye anopa zororo kwemaawa angangoita mana kusvika matanhatu. Kana akashandiswa usati waita maekisesaizi, anogonawo kudzivirira asthma inokonzerwa neekurovedza muviri.
- Mienzaniso: Albuterol (Ventolin®), Levalbuterol (Xopenex®)
- Mishonga ye beta-2 agonists inoshanda kwenguva refu (LABAs): Idzi dzinoshandiswa kudzora chirwere kwenguva refu, kazhinji kaviri pazuva. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti LABAs hadzimboshandiswi dzoga pakurapa asthma. Dzinogara dzichipiwa pamwe chete nemushonga we corticosteroid inhaler. Ma steroids anoshanda nekuderedza kuzvimba munzira dzekufema.
- Mienzaniso: Salmeterol (Serevent®), Formoterol (Foradil®)
- Mishonga yakasanganiswa ine ma steroids: Fluticasone neSalmeterol (Advair®), Budesonide neFormoterol (Symbicort®)
2. Mishonga yekuderedza kushushikana kweropa
Mishonga iyi inoshanda nekuvhara mamwe masaini kubva mutsinga dzedu dzinoita kuti nzira dzekufema dziome. Inobatsirawo kuwedzera nzira dzekufema. Iyi haisi mishonga inokurumidza kubatsira. Asi inogona kubatsira kudzora asthma, kunyanya kuvanhu vane zviratidzo zvakakomba.
- Mienzaniso: Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent®), Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva Respimat®)
3. Theophylline
Uyu mushonga unouya uri muchimiro chepiritsi. Waishandiswa zvakanyanya kare kudzora asthma yakanyanya. Asi hauchashandiswi kakawanda pari zvino. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana uchishandisa mushonga uyu, unofanirwa kuongororwa ropa nguva nenguva kuti uone kana huwandu hwemushonga mumuviri wako hwakarurama. Une zvimwe zvinokanganisa.
Pane mimwe migumisiro yakaipa pamushonga uyu here?
Kufanana nemushonga upi zvawo, mishonga iyi inogona kukonzera mimwe migumisiro yakaipa. Asi kazhinji, iyi haisi yakaipa. Migumisiro yakasiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwemushonga.
| Rudzi rwemushonga | Migumisiro inogona kuitika |
|---|---|
| Beta 2-agonists |
|
| Mishonga yeAnticholinergics | |
| Theophylline |
Kana uine dambudziko redundira, rakadai se benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPE), zvakakosha kuzivisa chiremba wako kana uchitora mishonga yekurwisa cholinergic.
Mushonga webronchodilator rudzi rwe steroid here?
Kwete. Pano inzvimbo inovhiringika vanhu vazhinji.Mushonga webronchodilator hausi steroid. Ava vaviri vane mabasa akasiyana zvachose.
- Bronchodilator: Inowedzera nzira dzekufema dzakamanikana, zvichiita kuti kufema kuve nyore ipapo ipapo.
- Mushonga weSteroid Une Kufema: Unoderedza kuzvimba uye kuzvimba munzira dzekufema. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora chirwere kwenguva refu .
Vanachiremba vanowanzo kurudzira kushandisa mhando dzese dziri mbiri pamwe chete kudzora zvirwere zvakaita seasthma.
Nzira yekushandisa sei inhaler nemazvo?
Kuti mushonga wako uwane pundutso yakakwana, zvakakosha kuziva mashandisiro emushonga wako wekufemesa. Vanhu vazhinji vanoita izvi zvisirizvo, zvichireva kuti mushonga haupinde mumapapu avo nemazvo. Heino nzira chaiyo yekuzviita:
1. Zunza zvakanaka: Vhara chivharo chemushonga wekupinza mweya zvakanaka wochizunza zvakanaka kanenge ka10-15.
2. Bvisa chivharo: Bvisa chivharo wochiisa parutivi.
3. Bhururuka: Fema zvakadzama woburitsa mweya zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Dururira mapapu ako.
4. Isa mumuromo: Isa muromo wechinhu chinofema mukati memuromo wako wovhara zvakasimba nemiromo yako.
5. Fema wofema mukati: Paunenge uchidzvanya pamusoro pechinhu chinofema kamwe chete, fema zvakadzama nemuromo wako. (Kana ukanzwa ruzha rwekurira, uri kufema nekukurumidza. Fema zvakadzama mukati.)
6. Bata mweya wako: Mushure mekufema, bata mweya wako kwemasekonzi angangoita gumi. Verenga kusvika ku10 mupfungwa dzako. Izvi zvinopa mushonga nguva yekusvika pamidzi yemapapu.
7. Kuburitsa mweya: Bvisa mweya, ndapota.
8. Mira kwechinguva: Kana chiremba wako akakuudza kuti unwe mushonga unopfuura mumwe chete, mirira kwechinguva chimwe chete usati wanwa mushonga unotevera. Wobva watanga patsva kubva padanho rechitatu.
9. Vhara chivharo: Kana wapedza kuchishandisa, iva nechokwadi chekuvhara chivharo zvakare.
10. Geza muromo wako: Kana uchishandisa mushonga we corticosteroid inhaler, izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa. Mushure mekushandisa mushonga uyu, geza muromo wako zvakanaka nemvura kana mouthwash woirasa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona hwefungus mumuromo.
Zvakanaka here kushandisa mushonga wekufema kupfuura zvinodiwa?
Zvinonzi chinhu chakawandisa hachina kunaka. Iyi inhaler haina musiyano. Kana ukashandisa yakawandisa, kunyanya "Rescue Inhaler" yenguva pfupi, muviri wako ungasagamuchira mushonga zvakanaka mushure mechinguva. Zvinogonekawo kuti kufema kwako kungave kwanyanya kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita seutsi neguruva. Saka , gara uchishandisa mushonga uyu chete muhuwandu uye sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako .
Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Kana usati wamboonekwa kuti une chirwere chekufema, asi uri kuona zviratidzo zvakaita sekuoma kufema, kukosora kusingaperi, uye kufemera, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba nekukasika woongororwa zvakakodzera.
Kana watove uchishandisa bronchodilator, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba wako muzviitiko zvinotevera:
- Kana uchida kushandisa mushonga wako wekudzivirira chirwere (SABA/Rescue Inhaler) kanopfuura kaviri pasvondo, ichi chiratidzo chikuru chekuti chirwere chako hachisi kudzorwa nemazvo.
- Kana uchifunga kuti mushonga wauri kushandisa hauna kukwana kudzora zviratidzo zvako.
- Kana migumisiro yemushonga iri kukukonzera kusagadzikana.
Nekutaura nachiremba wako uye kugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hunokukodzera, uchakwanisa kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mushonga webronchodilator rudzi rwemushonga unovhura nzira dzekufema uye unoita kuti kufema kuve nyore.
- Kune mhando mbiri huru: mhando dzechirwere chinokurumidza kushanda kana munhu arwara uye mhando dzechirwere chisingaperi dzinotorwa zuva nezuva kuti dzisapararire chirwere kwenguva refu.
- Kuti uwane zvakakwana kubva muinhaler yako, zvakakosha kudzidza kuishandisa nemazvo.
- Kana uchida kushandisa Rescue Inhaler yako kanopfuura kaviri pasvondo, zvinoreva kuti mamiriro ako haasi kugadzikana. Kana zvakadaro, enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Usamborega kutora mushonga wako kana kuchinja mushonga wacho usina kurairwa nachiremba wako. Usagovane mushonga wako wekufema nemunhu chero upi zvake.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment