Wakamboona mumwe munhu waunoziva akangoerekana arasikirwa nepfungwa here? Kana kuti wakambonzwa nezvemunhu ane hutano achifa ari muhope? Chikonzero chezvinhu zvakadaro chingave chirwere chemwoyo chakavanzika icho vanhu vazhinji vasati vatombonzwa nezvacho. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvechimwe chirwere chakakomba uye chakakosha chekuziva, Brugada Syndrome.
Chii chinonzi Brugada Syndrome?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iri idambudziko nehurongwa hwemagetsi hwemwoyo yedu. Mwoyo yedu inorova sehurongwa hwemagetsi. Muchirwere ichi, pane kusarongeka kwezviratidzo zvemagetsi zvinoenda kumakamuri epasi emoyo (ventricles).
Izvi zvinoita kuti mwoyo urove nekukurumidza zvine njodzi, sekunge uri kudedera. Izvi zvinonzi `Ventricular fibrillation (v-fib)` mukurapa. Kana izvi zvikaitika, mwoyo haugone kupomba ropa zvakanaka kuenda mumuviri. Kunyanya kana ropa richienda kuuropi risingashande zvakanaka, munhu anogona kufenda.
Chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru panyaya iyi ndechekuti inogona kukonzera rufu rwemwoyo kamwe kamwe. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kana murwere akarara, kunyanya panguva yekurara. Tsvagiridzo yakawana kuti Brugada syndrome ndiyo inokonzera vanhu vanosvika 4% vanofa nemwoyo kamwe kamwe pasi rose.
Asi ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki. Paavhareji, vanhu vari pakati pe3 ne5 pavanhu 10,000 vane chirwere ichi.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Kunyangwe zviratidzo zveBrugada syndrome zvichigona kuonekwa pazera ripi zvaro, zvinonyanya kuonekwa pazera remakore makumi mana. Zvinoshamisa kuti vanhu vanopfuura 70% vane chirwere ichi havaratidzi zviratidzo . Munhu anowana zviratidzo anogona kusangana nezvinotevera:
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kufenda/Kunzwa kukosora | Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemoyo kunogona kukonzera kuti ropa riende kuuropi rikanganiswe, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nepfungwa nekukasika. |
| Dzungu | Kunzwa dzungu. |
| Kurova kwemoyo | Kunzwa kwemoyo uchirova, kunzwa sekunge moyo uri kutenderera mukati mechipfuva. |
| Kuoma kufema | Kutadza kufema zvakanaka, kunyanya husiku. |
| Kusungwa Kwemwoyo | Ichi chingave chiratidzo chekutanga . Ndosaka vamwe vanhu vachifa vakarara. |
Chii chiri kuwedzera mamiriro ezvinhu aya?
Zvakakosha kuziva zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kana kuwedzera zviratidzo zvechirwere kune munhu ane chirwere cheBrugada.
- Fivha: Fivha ndeimwe yevavengi vakuru vechirwere ichi. Kana uine Brugada syndrome, zvakakosha kutora mushonga wakaita separacetamol kana wangotanga fivha, sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako.
- Kushaya mvura mumuviri: Kana muviri usina mvura yakakwana.
- Kunwa doro zvakanyanya: Kunwa doro rakawanda panguva imwe chete.
- Mimwe mishonga: Mishonga yakaita se `Sodium channel blockers` inoshandiswa kune mamwe matambudziko emwoyo, uye mishonga yezvirwere zvepfungwa zvakaita se `Lithium` uye `Tricyclic antidepressants`.
- Zvinodhaka: Zvinodhaka zvakaita secocaine nembanje.
Kana chiremba akasimbisa kuti une chirwere ichi, iva nechokwadi chekubvunza chiremba wako runyorwa rwemishonga yausingafaniri kunwa. Paunenge uchitora mushonga wechimwe chirwere, zivisa chiremba kuti une Brugada syndrome.
Sei chirwere ichi chichiitika?
Kazhinji, inenge 70% yezvirwere, hapana chikonzero chaicho chinogona kuwanikwa chechirwere ichi. Zvisinei, kune vamwe vanhu, chirwere ichi chinobva mumajini. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chinogara nhaka.
- Zvikonzero zvemajini: Kuchinja kwemajini anopfuura gumi nemasere mumuviri wedu kunogona kukonzera izvi. Pakati peizvi, chinonyanya kuitika ikuchinja kwemajini `SCN5A`. Kuchinja kwemajini aya kunokonzera kutadza kufamba kwezviratidzo zvemagetsi mumoyo.
- Kugara nhaka: Kana mumwe mubereki aine gene mutation inokonzerwa nechirwere ichi, pane mukana we50% wekuti mwana achagara nhaka.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?
- Kuvarume: Chirwere ichi chinowanikwa kakawanda ka8-10 muvarume kupfuura vakadzi.
- Nhoroondo yemhuri: Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine chirwere cheBrugada, kana mumwe munhu akafa kamwe kamwe achiri mudiki, iwe unogona kunge uri panjodzi.
- Kwakabva kuAsia: Chirwere ichi chakaonekwa kuti chakajairika pakati pevanhu vari munyika dzeAsia kupfuura munyika dzekumadokero.
Nzira yekuziva chirwere nemazvo sei?
Mushure mekuteerera zviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yemhuri yako, chiremba wako acharaira bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti aone kana uine chirwere ichi.
| Bvunzo | Unoitei nazvo? |
|---|---|
| Kuongororwa kweElektrocardiogram (EKG) | Kuongororwa kunoratidza mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo mugirafu yemutsara. Vanachiremba vanotsvaga patani chaiyo mupatani iyi inobatanidzwa nechirwere ichi. Dzimwe nguva patani iyi haiwanzoonekwa, saka EKG ingangoda kuitwa kakawanda. |
| Kuongororwa kweEKG nemishonga (Kuongororwa Kwemishonga) | Kana EKG yakajairika ikaita seyakajairika, mushonga unoshandiswa mutsinga kuyedza kuratidza maitiro akavanzika eBrugada. Izvi zvinoitwa munzvimbo yakachengeteka, senge muchipatara chevarwere vane chirwere chakanyanya. |
| Kuedzwa kwemajini | Muenzaniso wemate kana ropa rako unogona kushandiswa kuona kana uine majini akabatana nechirwere ichi. Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine chirwere ichi, vamwe vanogonawo kuongororwa. |
| Electrophysiology (EP Bvunzo) | Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kana chirwere chisati chanyatsojeka mushure mekuongororwa kumwe. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa kannula (catheter) yakapfava zvikuru kuburikidza netsinga iri mugumbo ichipinda mumoyo uye kuyedza mashandiro emagetsi ari mukati memoyo. |
Inorapwa sei?
Brugada syndrome haigone kurapwa zvachose. Zvisinei, kurapwa kunogona kupiwa kudzivirira kufa kamwe kamwe kwemoyo. Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa ndechekumisa kusarongeka kwemoyo (ventricular arrhythmias) uye kudzora kana zvikaitika.
Kurapa kukuru uye kunoshanda zvakanyanya kuisirwa mudziyo weICD .
- ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Ichi chishandiso chidiki. Chakaita sepacemaker. Chinoiswa pasi peganda, pedyo nemoyo, muchipfuva nekuvhiyiwa kudiki. Chinogara chichitarisa mutinhimira wemoyo. Kana mutinhimira wemoyo ukachinja zvine njodzi, chishandiso ichi chinochiona uye chinoita kuti pave nemagetsi mashoma ekugadzirisa mutinhimira. Ichi chishandiso chinoponesa hupenyu.
- Mishonga: Mimwe mishonga, yakaita se'Quinidine', inogona kudzora kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka. Zvisinei, iyi haikodzeri munhu wese.
- Kubvisa: Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha, nzira yekurapa inowana nzvimbo yezviratidzo zvemagetsi zvisina kurongeka mumoyo uye inozviparadza nemafungu eredhiyo.
Vanachiremba vanosarudza kana vachida kurapa varwere vasina zviratidzo zvichibva pane zvakanyorwa paEKG, nhoroondo yemhuri, nezvimwe zvakabuda muongororo. Nekuti dzimwe nguva chiratidzo chekutanga rufu rwechimbichimbi , zvakakosha kuongorora njodzi yacho uye kurapa zvinoenderana nazvo.
Unofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?
Kana ukasangana nechirwere chemwoyo chakangoerekana chaitika (cardiac arrest), unofanira kurapwa nekukurumidza. Sezvo usingazokwanisi kufona kuti uwane rubatsiro panguva iyoyo, zvakakosha kuti mhuri yako nevadikanwi vaziviswe nezvazvo.
Kana uri panjodzi yekumira kwemoyo, udza mhuri yako neshamwari dzepedyo kuti vadzidze maitiro ekuita CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation). Kana paine emergency, fonera 1990 wofonera amburenzi. Kuziva uku kunogona kuponesa hupenyu hwako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Brugada syndrome chirwere chakakomba chinoitika mumagetsi emoyo uye chinogona kutokonzera rufu rwechimbichimbi.
- Fivha ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinowedzera dambudziko iri. Kana ukaita fivha, ideredze nekukurumidza.
- Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako akafa kamwe kamwe achiri mudiki kana kuti uchigara uchirasikirwa nepfungwa, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika woongororwa EKG.
- Kuisa mudziyo weICD ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa chirwere ichi.
- Kana uine chirwere ichi, gara uchiziva runyorwa rwemishonga yaunopihwa nachiremba wako isingakodzeri kushandisa.
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