"Chirwere cheshuga" chirwere chinowanzoitika pakati pevanhu vazhinji munyika medu, uye chinowanikwa nevanhu vazhinji. Pamwe mumwe munhu mumhuri mako, shamwari, kana kuti iwe pachako uri kubatwa nechirwere ichi. Asi vanhu vazhinji havazivi nezvazvo. Vamwe havatombozivi kana vane chirwere cheshuga. Saka nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere ichi, kana chinozivikanwa sekuti `(Diabetes Mellitus)`, nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi chirwere cheshuga?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere cheshuga idambudziko rinowanzoitika kana muviri wedu uchigadzira hormone inonzi `Insulin` kana kuti uchishandisa insulin yaunogadzira. Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi: masero ari mumuviri wedu akafanana nedzimba diki. Dzimba idzi dzinoda simba, kana kuti "fuel", kuti dzishande. Fuel iyi i "Glucose" kana shuga, inogadzirwa nechikafu chatinodya. Asi kuti glucose iyi ipinde mudzimba dzinonzi masero, inoda kiyi inonzi "insulin".
Kiyi iyi ye insulin inogadzirwa nenhengo inonzi "Pancreas" iri mudumbu medu. Chirwere cheshuga chinokonzerwa nechimwe kana zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvinotevera:
- Chiropa chako hachiburitse insulin zvachose .
- Rwatata rinoburitsa insulin shoma kwazvo .
- Muviri haupinduri zvakanaka ne insulin. Tinoti izvi "Kuramba Insulin." Zvakafanana nekuva nekiyi asi kiyi yakatyoka pamusuwo.
Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, shuga haigone kupinda mumasero asi inoungana muropa. Apa ndipo apo huwandu hweshuga muropa hunowedzera, zvichikonzera chirwere cheshuga.
Chirwere cheshuga chirwere chehupenyu hwese. Asi musazvidya mwoyo, zvinokwanisika zvachose kurarama nacho zvakanaka uye kurarama hupenyu hune hutano.
Ndedzipi mhando huru dzechirwere cheshuga?
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzechirwere cheshuga. Ngatizvinzwisisei zvakajeka.
| Rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... | Ndiani anonyanya kubatwa nechirwere ichi? |
|---|---|---|
| Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga | Masoja emuviri anoparadza masero anogadzira insulin mupancreas. Nekuda kweizvozvo, muviri unorasikirwa ne insulin yese. Chinhu chikuru chavanowana insulin ijekiseni rekunze. | Kunyangwe ichiwanzoonekwa muhudiki kana muhudiki (vari pasi pemakore makumi maviri), inogona kuitika chero pazera ripi zvaro. |
| Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri | Muviri unogadzira insulin, asi huwandu hwayo hahukwani. Kana kuti masero emuviri haapindure ku insulin iyoyo (Insulin Resistance). Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuwanikwa pasi rose. | Zvinowanzoitika kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mana uye vakafuta. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekufuta, zviri kuitikawo kuvanhu vadiki, kunyangwe vana. |
| Prediabetes | Shuga yeropa yakakwira kupfuura yakajairika, asi haina kukwira zvekusvika pakunzi chirwere cheshuga. Izvi zvakaita senyevero. | Munhu wese ari panjodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri ari panjodzi. Kuchinja mararamiro kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere cheshuga. |
| Chirwere cheshuga chepamuviri | Chirwere cheshuga chenguva pfupi chinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemahormone panguva yekuzvitakura. | Izvi zvinoitika kumadzimai ane pamuviri. Dambudziko iri rinowanzopera mushure mekunge mwana aberekwa. Zvisinei, njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri inowedzera gare gare. |
Mamwe marudzi asingawanzoonekwi
Kuwedzera kune mhando huru idzi, kune mhando dzisingawanzoonekwi dzakadai se "Monogenic diabetes" (chirwere cheshuga cheMonogenic), chinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvemajini. Chirwere cheshuga chinogonawo kukonzerwa nemishonga kana zvimwe zvirwere.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga? Unozviziva sei?
Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga zvinogona kusiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nerudzi rwacho. Dzimwe nguva, chirwere cheshuga chinogona kuvapo pasina zviratidzo.
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga (zvinogona kuitika kamwe kamwe) | |
| Kunzwa nyota yakawandisa | Kunzwa kusava nenyota zvisinei nekuti unonwa mvura yakawanda sei. |
| Kuita weti kakawanda | Kuda kuita weti nguva nenguva, kunyanya husiku. |
| Kuderedza uremu pasina chikonzero | Kuva mutete kunyangwe uchidya zvakanaka. |
| Kuneta zvakanyanya uye kuneta | Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya kunyangwe pasina chauri kuita. |
| Kuona kusina kujeka | Kuchinja kwekuona, kunzwa sekunge wava kusviba. |
| Zvimwe zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri (zvinowanzo buda zvishoma nezvishoma) | |
| Kunonoka kupora kweronda | Kunyangwe ronda diki rinotora nguva kuti ripore. |
| Ganda rinokwenya | Kukwenya kakawanda, kunyanya munzvimbo yepabonde. |
| Zvirwere zveMbiriso | Kurwara kwembiriso kakawanda. |
| Kusanzwa simba mumakumbo | Kunzwa kutsva kana kurira mumaoko netsoka. |
Chirwere cheshuga chepamuviri chinowanzova chisina zviratidzo, ndosaka zvichikosha kuti munhu aongororwe chirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura.
Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa kuti zvionekwe kana une chirwere cheshuga?
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kana kuti kana mumwe munhu mumhuri mako aine chirwere cheshuga, zvakanaka kuti uone chiremba woongororwa. Kune bvunzo dzakawanda dzeropa kuti uone chirwere cheshuga.
- Kuongororwa kweShuga yeropa rekutsanya (FBS): Kuongororwa kweropa kunoitwa mushure mekutsanya kwemaawa 8-10 (pasina kudya kana kunwa chimwe chinhu kunze kwemvura).
- Kuongororwa kweA1c (HbA1c): Izvi zvinopa pfungwa yehuwandu hweshuga yako yeropa mumwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu yapfuura.
- Kuongororwa kweShuga Yeropa (RBS): Kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa chero nguva yezuva.
- Kuongororwa Kwekushivirira Glucose Muropa (OGTT): Ropa rinotorwa mushure mekutsanya, robva ranwiwa chinwiwa chine shuga, uye ropa rinotorwazve mushure meawa imwe neawa mbiri kuti vaone huwandu hweshuga.
Zvichibva pamhedzisiro yebvunzo idzi, chiremba wako ndiye achaona kana uine chirwere cheshuga kana kuti prediabetes.
Kurapa uye kutarisira chirwere cheshuga
Hapana mushonga wechirwere cheshuga parizvino. Zvisinei, nekurapwa kwakakodzera uye shanduko dzemararamiro , chinogona kudzorwa zvakanaka uye unogona kurarama hupenyu hune hutano pasina matambudziko. Zvinangwa zvikuru zvekurapa ndeizvi:
- Kuchengetedza huwandu hweshuga muropa huri mukati mehuwandu hwaunoda.
- Kudzora BP nemazinga echolesterol.
- Kudzivirira mamwe matambudziko ehutano (maziso, itsvo, tsinga) anogona kukonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga.
Nzira dzekurapa dzinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere cheshuga chaunacho.
1. Mishonga
- Insulin: Munhu wese ane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga nevamwe vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri vanofanira kubayiwa majekiseni e insulin.
- Mishonga Inonwiwa: Kune vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri, vanachiremba vanonyora mapiritsi akaita semetformin. Aya anobatsira muviri kushandisa insulin zviri nani kana kugadzira insulin yakawanda.
2. Kudya Kune Hutano
Kudya chinhu chakakosha zvikuru mukurapa chirwere cheshuga. Shuga nezvinwiwa zvine shuga, pamwe nezvikafu zvine starch (chingwa, mupunga) zvinogona kukurumidza kuwedzera huwandu hweshuga muropa.
- Zvinhu zvakanaka zvekudya:Muriwo, michero (bvunza chiremba wako), nyemba, zviyo, nyama isina mafuta akawanda, nehove.
- Zvinhu zvekuderedza: Shuga, zvinwiwa zvinotapira, chikafu chine mafuta akawanda nemafuta, munyu, chikafu chakagadziriswa.
3. Kurovedza muviri
Kurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, akadai sekufamba nekukurumidza kana kushambira, mazuva mashanu pasvondo, kunogona kuvandudza maitiro emuviri wako ku insulin. Zvinogonawo kukubatsira kudzora huremu hwako. Taura nachiremba wako usati watanga chero chirongwa chekurovedza muviri.
Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri chinogona kudzivirirwa here?
Ehe, unogona zvechokwadi! Kunyange hazvo chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga chisingadzivirirwi, pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvaunogona kuita kuti uderedze njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri .
- Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka. Kana wakafuta, edza kuderedza huremu.
- Idya chikafu chine hutano.
- Rovedza muviri nguva dzose.
- Kana uchisvuta, rega.
- Kana uchifunga kuti uri panjodzi, enda kuna chiremba kuti akupe mazano.
Kana uchida kurapwa nekukurumidza nekuda kwezviratidzo zvine chekuita nechirwere cheshuga, zvakakosha kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo newe.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere cheshuga hachisi chinhu chekutya, asi chirwere chinogona kurapwa zvakanaka.
- Zvakakosha zvikuru kutevedzera kudya kwako, kurovedza muviri, uye marapirwo ako sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako.
- Ziva zviratidzo. Kana usina chokwadi, tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
- Tarisa huwandu hweshuga muropa rako uye BP yako nguva nenguva.
- Unogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri, kunyanya kuburikidza nekurarama hupenyu hune hutano.
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