Ngatidzidzei nezvebvunzo yeHOVE (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization) iyo inoburitsa zvakavanzika zvemajini ako!

Wakambonzwa here nezve 'bvunzo yeHOVE' iyi (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Test)? Pamwe chiremba wako akakukumbira iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva kuti uite bvunzo iyi. Kunyangwe zvinganzwika sekunge zvakaoma, bvunzo inokosha zvikuru inogona kuona zvinhu zvakawanda mukati memiviri yedu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvebvunzo iyi yeHOVE, inoita sei, uye kuti inoitwa sei nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi bvunzo iyi yeHOVE (Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization)?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, FISH ibvunzo yemajini. Vanachiremba vane hunyanzvi mukuongorora zvirwere , vanoshandisa nzira iyi kuona zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwezvinhu zvidiki zvinonzi machromosomes mumiviri yedu. Dzimwe nguva, bvunzo iyi inogonawo kubatsira kuona shanduko dzemajini dzinogona kurapwa nezvirwere zvakaita sekenza.

Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi: majini edu akafanana nebhuku remirayiridzo yemiviri yedu. Bhuku remirayiridzo iri rinotiudza mashandiro anoita zvese zviri mumiviri yedu. Majini aya ari muzvikamu zvinonzi machromosome, zvakaita setambo. Saka, chii chinoitika kana mamwe mazwi ari mubhuku remirayiridzo iri, DNA yedu (deoxyribonucleic acid) , akabviswa, kana kana paine mazwi akawandisa, kana kana mamwe mazwi akachinjwa? Masero edu anowana mirairo isiriyo. Nenzira iyi, ruzivo runogona kurasika (kubviswa), kukopwa kupfuura zvinodiwa (amplification), kana kutamiswa (translocation). Shanduko idzi dzinogona kuchinja mashandiro emiviri yedu uye kukonzera zvirwere zvakaita sekenza.

Saka, zvinoitwa nebvunzo iyi yeFISH ndezvekuti, zvakafanana nekushandisa mapeni ane mavara kuti "ape" zvikamu zvemachromosome kana majini chaiwo. Zvadaro, vanachiremba ivavo vane hunyanzvi vanogona kuwana zviri nyore zvikamu zvavanoda kuti vaongorore zvirwere nekuzvitarisa pasi pemaikorosikopu. Paunotarisa ruvara urwu pasi pemaikorosikopu, runotaridzika semwenje ine mavara.

Chii chinogona kuonekwa nebvunzo yeFISH?

Saka ungave uchishamisika kuti, chii chaizvo chinogona kuwanikwa nebvunzo iyi yeHOVE? Zvinhu zvikuru ndeizvi:

• Kuziva kushanduka kwemajini kwakakura mukenza. Vachishandisa ruzivo urwu, vanachiremba vanogona kunyatsoongorora mhando yekenza uye kusarudza mushonga wakanakira.
• Tarisa kana paine zvinhu zvisina kumira zvakanaka mumachromosome mwana asati aberekwa (asati aberekwa) kana mushure mekuzvarwa. Izvi zvinobatsira kuona mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu ari mumajini nekukurumidza.
• Kuberekesa mwana muchibereko (IVF) kunosanganisira kuyedza mwana kuti aone kana asina kunaka kubva muchromosome asati aiswa muchibereko chaamai (preimplantation genetic testing).

Kuedzwa kweFISH uku kunoshanda sei?

Zvakanaka, ngationei kuti chakavanzika chidiki chii pamusoro pekuti bvunzo iyi yeHOVE inoshanda sei.

Ndakambotaura kare kuti DNA yedu yakaita sebhuku guru remirayiridzo. Saka bvunzo iyi yeHOVE yakaita sekuratidza zvikamu zvakakosha zvebhuku iroro remirayiridzo nependi yakakosha ye fluorescent. Masayendisiti anogadzira iyi "pendi yekupenda," kana "probe," nekubatanidza mavara e fluorescent kuDNA pachayo.

DNA yedu inoumbwa netambo mbiri dzinoenderana, semazino ezipi. Zvinoitwa nemasayendisiti ndezvekuti, vanotanga vaparadzanisa tambo mbiri idzi vachishandisa probe yavakaita, uye DNA iri mumuenzaniso wavanoda kuyedza. Vanogadzira probe iyi kuti ienderane neDNA yavari kutsvaga, kureva kuti, mutongo chaiwo wavari kutsvaga mubhuku remirayiridzo.

Zvadaro, vanosanganisa mapurobe aya akagadzirwa nemuenzaniso weDNA wakatorwa kubva munyama yemuviri kana mvura (izvi zvinonzi chinangwa). Zvadaro, kana purobe iyoyo ikaenda ikawana chidimbu cheDNA chine chirevo chairi kutsvaga, chinonamatira pachiri (hybridize). Nekuda kwemalebula iwayo anopenya, chidimbu ichocho cheDNA chinopenya neruvara rwakanaka. Kana chiremba wezvirwere akachitarisa nemaikorosikopu chaiyo, mavara aya anopenya achaonekwa zvakanaka. Ipapo anogona kunzwisisa kana ruzivo rwakakodzera ruripo uye kuti rwakawanda sei. Hazvishamisi here?

Kuchinja kwemajini kunogona kuonekwa nekuongororwa kweFISH

Nyanzvi dzezvirwere dzinogona kushandisa bvunzo iyi yeFISH kutarisa masero kuti aone kana paine shanduko dzemajini dzinozivikanwa kuti dzinokonzera zvirwere zvakaita sekenza. Dzimwe nguva zvinogona kubatsira kusimbisa kana kujekesa mhedzisiro yebvunzo yekaryotyping, inova bvunzo yemachromosomes . Heano mamwe eshanduko chaiwo anogona kuwanikwa nebvunzo yeFISH:

• Kuwedzera: Apa ndipo panowanikwa makopi akawanda ejini kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Zvakafanana nekugadzira kopi paunoda kugadzira kopi. Masayendisiti anogona kushandisa FISH kuti vaone kuti makopi akawanda ejini aripo kupfuura zvaitarisirwa.
• Kutamiswa/kugadziriswazve: Apa ndipo apo chikamu chejini kana chromosome chinotamiswa kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana neyachinofanira kunge chiri. Masayendisiti anogona kushandisa mapurobe maviri ane mavara kuti aone izvi. Mujini yakajairika, mavara maviri emapurobe aya anofanira kuoneka ari pedyo nepedyo. Asi kana nzvimbo yacho yachinja, mavara maviri acho achaonekwa ari kure kure.
• Kubviswa kwedata: Kufanana nekuchinja nzvimbo, masayendisiti anoshandisa nzira dzinopfuura imwe chete dzekuongorora kuti vawane nzvimbo dzisina ruzivo muDNA. Dzimwe nzira dzekuongorora data dzinonamira paDNA iri mumuenzaniso, asi dzimwe hadzinamire padzinofanira kunamatira. Ndipo pavanoziva kuti rumwe ruzivo rwakarasika (rwakabviswa) panzvimbo iyoyo.

Zvirwere zvinogona kuonekwa nekuongororwa kweHOVE

Vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa bvunzo yeFISH kuona shanduko dzemajini dzinogona kubatsira kuona zvirwere zvakaita se:

• Lymphoma
• Acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, nedzimwe mhando dzeleukemia
• Multiple myeloma
• Kenza yedundira
• Glioma (rudzi rwekenza yeuropi)
• Mesothelioma (kenza yemapapu)
• HER2 amplification (izvi zvinonyanya kuonekwa mukenza yemazamu, asi zvinogonawo kuonekwa mukenza yemudumbu nemapapu)
• Kuwedzerwa kweMET (izvi zvinonyanya kuonekwa mukenza yemapapu, yemudumbu, uye yegurokuro)
• MYCN amplification (murudzi rwekenza inonzi Neuroblastoma)
• Mukenza yemapapu isiri diki , kurongwazve/kusanganiswa kwemajini eALK, RET, uye ROS1 kunoitika. Majini aya eALK, RET, kana ROS1 anogona kusangana nerimwe jini kuti akonzere kenza.

Ndingagadzirira sei bvunzo yeFISH?

Kugadzirira kwaunoita bvunzo yeFISH kunoenderana nerudzi rwesampuli yaunotorwa nachiremba wako.

• Pakuongororwa kwemwana asati aberekwa: Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo yakakosha inonzi amniocentesis .
• Pakuongororwa kwemajini emwana asati aiswa muchibereko (PGD kana PGS): Sampuro diki yemasero kubva kuma embryo akasiyana-siyana inotorwa kuti iongororwe. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa mazuva mashoma mushure mekubudiswa kwechibereko.
• Kana chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti iwe kana mwana wako mune chirwere chinokonzerwa nekusarongeka kwema chromosome kana kushanduka kwemajini: Izvi zvinogona kuongororwa nekuongororwa kweropa .
• Kuti muone kenza kana kuti majini ari mumasero ekenza (kuongorora mamorekuru): Muchafanirwa kutorwa biopsy (bundu kana bone marrow biopsy) , inova muenzaniso wenyama kana bone marrow.
• Kuongorora kana kuongorora kenza yedundira: Dzimwe nguva bvunzo yeFISH inoitirwa pamushonga weti .

Pakuongororwa uku, biopsy chete ndiyo inowanzoda kugadzirira kwakakosha. Sezvo biopsy zhinji dzichiitwa pasi peanesthesia, unofanira kutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako yekuti ungagadzirira sei.

Nyanzvi dzezvirwere dzinoita sei bvunzo iyi yeFISH?

Pakuongororwa kweFISH, nyanzvi yezvirwere kana nyanzvi yerabhoritari inotevera matanho aya:

1. Kugadzira ongororo (s probe): Muizvi, vanosarudza zvidimbu zveDNA zvinoenderana neDNA yavari kutsvaga. Zvadaro, vanocheka zvidimbu zvidiki muDNA iyoyo voisa mavara e fluorescent.

2. Kucheneswa kwechinongedzo nechinongedzo: Izvi zvinoreva kupatsanurwa kwezvisungo zviviri pakati pechinongedzo nechinongedzo cheDNA chiri kuyedzwa.

3. Kusanganisa: Kana mapurobe akasanganiswa nemuenzaniso weDNA wakatorwa kubva mumuviri kana mumvura, mapurobe anonamira kune maDNA avari kutsvaga.

4.Kutarisa mhedzisiro: Vanoshandisa maikorosikopu ye fluorescent chaiyo kuti vaone kuti mavara ari mumuenzaniso uyu anopenya papi.

Chiremba wezvirwere achabva audza chiremba wako nezvemhinduro idzi.

Ndeipi mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweFISH?

Rudzi rwemhedzisiro yaunowana kubva pakuongororwa kweFISH zvinoenderana nerudzi rwebvunzo yaunowana. Kuongororwa kweFISH kwakanaka zvinoreva kuti pane kusarongeka kwema chromosome kana majini mumasero ari musampuli. Zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba wako nezvekuti mhedzisiro yacho ichaita sei uye kuti inorevei.

Chii chinoitika kana bvunzo yeFISH ikaonekwa kuti ine chirwere ichi?

Kana bvunzo yako yeFISH ikaonekwa kuti ine chirwere, chiremba wako achakutsanangurira zvazvinoreva uye kuti sarudzo dzako ndedzipi. Kana bvunzo yacho yakaitwa kuti pave nekuchinja kwemajini mukenza, panogona kunge paine nzira dzekurapa dzakanangana nekuchinja kwacho. Saka zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako usingatyi.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti uwane mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweFISH?

Zvinogona kutora chero vhiki imwe kusvika ina kuti uwane mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweFISH. Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti ungatarisira riini mhinduro uye kuti ungaziva sei.

Ndinofanira kutaura nachiremba wangu rini?

Kana muine mibvunzo nezvebvunzo kana zvawanikwa, musazeza kutaura nachiremba wenyu. Vachakutsanangurirai zvese.

Pakupedzisira, meseji inonyanya kukosha

Kumirira mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwemajini kunogona kutyisa, kunetseka, uye dzimwe nguva kutokunetsa zvishoma. Ungave wakamirira mhinduro. Iyi bvunzo yeFISH tekinoroji inokubatsira kuwana mhinduro idzodzo, senge "highlighter" inowana uye inopenda ruzivo rwaunoda .

Mhinduro dzaunowana dzingasava dzawaitarisira, asi dzichakubatsira kunzwisisa mamiriro ako ezvinhu uye kuti ndeapi masarudzo aungaite. Kubva ipapo, iwe nachiremba wako munogona kushanda pamwe chete kugadzira hurongwa hwakanakisa hwekufambira mberi.

Yeuka, zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba wako kuti akutsanangurire chero chaunofunga nezvebvunzo, kuti nei ichiitwa, uye kuti mhedzisiro yacho inorevei.

Kuongororwa kwehove , kuongororwa kwemajini, machromosome, DNA, kenza, kushanduka kwemajini, kuongororwa kwemwana asati aberekwa