Unogara wakaneta here? Ngatidzidzei zvese nezve folate deficiency anemia!

Unonzwawo kuneta zuva rese, usingakwanise kuita chero chinhu here? Kana kuti dzimwe nguva unonzwa sekunge muviri wako wava kutonhorwa uye zvakaoma kufema here? Izvi hazvisi zvinhu zvisina kurongeka chete, pamwe muviri wako hauna folate inovaka muviri, izvo zvinogona kunge zvichikonzera kushomeka kweropa, kureva, anemia. Nhasi, ngatitaurei nezve kuti folate deficiency anemia chii, nei ichiitika, uye kuti tingaidzivirira sei.

Chii chinonzi Folate Deficiency Anemia? Ngatizvinzwisise zviri nyore!

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, folate deficiency anemia chirwere cheropa chinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwefolate, kana vhitamini B9, mumuviri wako. Chinoitika apa ndechekuti huwandu hwemasero matsvuku mumuviri wako hwakaderera pane zvakajairika uye masero matsvuku aripo akakura zvisingawanzoitiki. Funga nezvazvo, aya masero matsvuku eropa anotakura okisijeni mumiviri yedu yese. Saka kana masero aya akadzikira, akava makuru, kana kuti asingashande zvakanaka, huwandu hweokisijeni hunogamuchirwa nemuviri hunoderera. Nekufamba kwenguva, kushaikwa kweokisijeni uku ndiko kunoita kuti unzwe kuneta, kushaya simba, uye kutonhora.

Sei kushayiwa kweropa kunoitika kana folate isina kukwana? Chii chinoitika mumuviri?

Unoziva here kuti masero edu matsvuku eropa anoumbwa sei? Anotanga kuumbwa kubva kumasero emuviri ari mumongo wemapfupa ari mukati memapfupa edu. Masero matsvuku aya anokura zvishoma nezvishoma obatana neropa redu, achitakura okisijeni kunhengo dzese dzemuviri nenyama.

Pano, chikafu chinonzi folate chakakosha pakuumbwa kwakanaka kwemasero matsvuku eropa ane hutano. Zvakafanana nekuvaka imba nesimende. Saka, kana muviri wako usina folate yakakwana, mupfupa wako hauzogadzi masero matsvuku eropa akajairwa. Pane kudaro, unogadzira rudzi rukuru rwemasero matsvuku eropa anonzi ``megaloblasts.''

Nekuti masero aya e "megaloblastic" akakura zvikuru, mamwe acho haatombobudi mumongo wemapfupa obatana neropa. Masero anobatanidzwa haararame kwenguva yakareba semasero matsvuku eropa ane hutano. Anofa nekukurumidza. Ndosaka huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa mumuviri huchidzikira, zvichikonzera anemia, zvinoreva kushaikwa kweropa. Unonzwisisa here?

Kune mamwe marudzi ekushaya ropa here?

Ehe, anemia chirwere chinowanzoitika kuvanhu vazhinji. Chinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa ane hutano. Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinokonzera anemia:

• Masero matsvuku eropa akakura zvisingawanzoitiki (izvi zvinokonzerwawo nekushaikwa kwefolate yatiri kutaura nezvayo).
• Kuderera kwekugadzirwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa ane hutano.
• Kuparadzwa kwakanyanya kwemasero matsvuku eropa nechiropa netsvina.
• Kuderera kwehuwandu hwe hemoglobin, puroteni iri mumasero matsvuku eropa inotakura okisijeni.
• Hemoglobin haisi kushanda nemazvo, zvichireva kuti haikwanise kubata okisijeni nemazvo.
• Kuputika kwemasero matsvuku eropa muropa.

Boka reanemia rinokonzerwa nemasero matsvuku eropa akakura zvisingawanzoitiki rinonzi ``macrocytic anemia``. Rumwe rudzi rweizvi ndi ``megaloblastic anemia``. Zvinotevera zvinowira pasi pe ``megaloblastic anemia`` iyi:

• Kushaya simba kweFolate
• Kushaya Vitamin B12 anemia
• Kupererwa neropa kwakaipisisa

Pamusoro peizvi, mamwe marudzi eanemia ayo vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa nezvawo ndeaya:

• Kushaya iron anemia
• Kupererwa neropa kwemasero emukwende

Kushomeka kwefolate kwakajairika zvakadii?

Kushomeka kwefolate hakusi kwakajairika munyika dzakabudirira. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti folate inowedzerwa muzvikafu zvakawanda munyika idzodzo. Semuenzaniso, muUnited States, zvave zvichidikanwa kuwedzera folate muzvikafu kubvira muna 1998. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti folate yakakosha zvikuru pakukura kwemwana panguva yekukura kwemwana.

Vanachiremba vakaona kuti kushaikwa kwefolate kunogona kukonzera zvimwe zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo, kunyanya zvirwere zvemutsinga dzemuuropi zvakaita sespina bifida. Ndosaka munyika dzakawanda, folate inowedzerwa muzvikafu zvakawanda zvatinodya, kunyanya zviyo nemupunga.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekuve neanemia yekushaya folate deficiency?

Kune vanhu vane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere ichi. Ona kana uri muchikamu ichi:

• Vakadzi vari pazera rekubereka: Kudiwa kwefolate kwakanyanya kune vakadzi vari kuronga kuva nepamuviri, panguva yekuzvitakura, uye panguva yekuyamwisa.
• Vanhu vanonwa doro rakawandisa: Doro rinokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kupinza zvinovaka muviri.
• Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu.
• Vanhu vane matambudziko emari: Nekuti zvakaoma kutenga chikafu chakakwana.
• Madzimai ane pamuviri uye ari kuyamwisa.

Chii chinokonzera folate deficiency anemia?

Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti hatiwani folate yakakwana kubva muzvikafu zvatinodya. Kunze kweizvozvo, kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvinotadzisa muviri kunwa kana kushandisa folate nemazvo:

• Kupindwa muropa nedoro ('Kusashanda zvakanaka kwedoro').
• Ndiri kurapwa ne dialysis nekuda kwekutadza kushanda kweitsvo.
• Zvirwere zvemudumbu, semuenzaniso, chirwere cheCrohn nechirwere checeliac.
• Kushandisa mimwe mishonga kwenguva refu (semuenzaniso, yepfari, zvirwere zverheumatic, mamwe maantibiotics, uye mishonga inodzvinyirira immune system).
• Zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo zvakaita sekuti "Hereditary folate malabsorption" (mune izvo kugona kwemuviri kupinza folate kunodzikira kubva pakuzvarwa).

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveizvi? Unozviziva sei?

Dzimwe nguva folate deficiency anemia inogona kuitika pasina zviratidzo. Chiremba wako anogona kuiwana chete kana waongororwa ropa kuti uone chimwe chinhu.

Zvisinei, kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kunzwa kuneta nguva dzose (`kuneta`): Zvinoita sekunge kuneta hakuperi kunyangwe mushure mekurara.
• Kunzwa usimbe uye kushaya simba paunenge uchiita mabasa ezuva nezuva.
• Kunzwa dzungu, kunzwa musoro wakareruka.
• Ganda rakachenuruka (`rakachenuruka`): Nzvimbo dzakadai sechiso, miromo, uye zvanza zvinoita sezvisina kuchenuruka.
• Kunzwa sekuti moyo wako uri kurova nekukurumidza, kunzwa ruzha rwuchirova muchipfuva chako, kana kunzwa sekuti moyo wako uri kusvetuka-svetuka (kurova kwemoyo).
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka (dyspnea): Kushaya mweya wekufema kunyangwe paine mabasa madiki.

Chirwere ichi chinoonekwa sei nemazvo?

Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, unofanira kuona chiremba. Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo yemuviri uye obvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yezvekurapa uye zviratidzo. Sezvo zviratidzo zvefolate deficiency anemia zvakafanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda, ungangoda kuongororwa ropa kakawanda kuti uone kana izvi zviri izvo.

Zvikuru zvekuongororwa kweropa ndeizvi:

• Kuverengwa kweropa kwakazara (CBC): Izvi zvinoongorora zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sehuwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet muropa rako, pamwe nehuwandu hwehemoglobin.
• Kuongororwa kweropa (PBS): Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora sampuro yeropa rako woritarisa uchishandisa maikorosikopu. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuona chimiro chaicho chemasero eropa, angave makuru kana madiki, uye kana paine zvisina kunaka.
• Kuwanda kwemaReticulocyte: MaReticulocyte masero matsvuku eropa madiki, asina kukura. Kuongororwa uku kunoongorora kana mupfupa wako uri kugadzira masero matsvuku eropa akakwana.

Pamwe chete nemiedzo iyi, chiremba wako achaongororawo huwandu hwe folate muropa rako. Izvi zvinowanzo kuyerwa muzvikamu zvinonzi `nanograms pa milliliter` (`ng/mL`).

• Kushaikwa: Zvisingasviki 2 nanograms pa milliliter (`< 2 ng/mL`).
• Borderline: Pakati pe2 ne4 nanograms pa millilita (`2 ng/mL - 4 ng/mL`).
• Zvakakwana: Zvinopfuura 4 nanograms pa milliliter (`> 4 ng/mL`).

Sezvo kushomeka kwevhitamini B12 uye kushomeka kwefolate zvichiwanzoitika pamwe chete, chiremba achaongororawo huwandu hwevhitamini B12 mumuviri wako.

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?

Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti, kune kurapwa kweizvi, uye zvinobudirira zvikuru.

Kurapa kukuru ndekupa mishonga yekuwedzera vhitamini B9.Izvi zvinowanzopihwa semapiritsi ekunwa nemuromo. Kune vamwe vanhu vanonetseka nekumedza mapiritsi, anogonawo kupihwa jekiseni, kana kuisirwa mutsinga (IV) nesaline. Mishonga iyi inogona kutorwa nguva dzose kwemwedzi yakati wandei.

Chiremba wako anogonawo kukurudzira shanduko pakudya kwako. Kana kushomeka kwefolate kuchikonzerwa nechirwere chiripo, zvakakosha kurapa chirwere ichocho zvakare.

Kushaya simba kwe folate kunogona kudzivirirwa here?

Ehe, zvinokwanisika zvechokwadi. Zviri nyore kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu aya kana ukaita zvinhu izvi:

• Wana mushonga wako we folate zuva nezuva, kungave kuburikidza nechikafu chaunodya kana nekutora chimwe chikafu chine vitamin B9 (folic acid).
• Deredza huwandu hwedoro raunonwa, kana kuti rega kunwa zvachose. Kunwa doro zvakanyanya kunodzivirira muviri kuti usatore zvinovaka muviri zvakakosha, kusanganisira folate.
• Kana uine chirwere chipi zvacho chinotadzisa muviri wako kunwa kana kushandisa folate, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.

Tinoda folate yakawanda sei (vitamini B9) pazuva?

Vhitamini B9 yatinowana muchikafu inonzi folate. Vhitamini B9 inowedzerwa muchikafu kana inowanikwa mumapiritsi inonzi folic acid. Huwandu hwefolate yatinoda pazuva hunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei:

• Zera: Sezvaunokura, kuda kwako folate kunowedzera.
• Chinobva chikafu: Miviri yedu inonwisa folic acid zviri nani pane folate kubva muchikafu.

Zvinokurudzirwa zveDaily Allowances (RDAs) zvinoratidzwa muma micrograms (mcg), zvichiyerwa muDietary Folate Equivalents (DFE). Izvi zvingaita sezvisinganzwisisike, asi zviri nyore.

• `1 mcg` yefolate inobva muchikafu yakaenzana ne`1 mcg DFE`.
• Kunyangwe uchiwedzerwa folic acid muchikafu kana kubva pamapiritsi emavhitamini anotorwa nechikafu, 1 mcg yefolic acid yakaenzana ne1.67 mcg DFE (zvichireva kuti muviri unonwa zvakawanda).
• 1 mcg ye folic acid kubva pamapiritsi evhitamini anotorwa mudumbu musina chinhu yakaenzana ne 2 mcg ye DFE (iyo inotorwa zviri nani nemuviri).

Semuenzaniso, kana ukatora multivitamin ine `200 mcg` ye folic acid mudumbu risina chinhu, inogona kuverengerwa se`400 mcg DFE` (200 mcg x 2 = 400 mcg).

Munhu mukuru anoda 400 mcg yeDFE pazuva. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanoda 600 mcg yeDFE, uye vanaamai vanoyamwisa vanoda 500 mcg yeDFE. Zvakanaka kubvunza chiremba wako kuti akupe huwandu hwakakunakira.

Ndezvipi zvekudya zvine folate yakawanda?

Nerombo rakanaka, kune zvekudya zvakawanda zvinopa folate yakanaka. Edza kuwedzera izvi mukudya kwako:

• Nyama: Chiropa chemombe (zvine zvakawanda zveizvi, asi unofanirawo kufunga nezve cholesterol)
• Muriwo wegirini nemiriwo: Muriwo wegirini wakaita sespinachi, kale, collard greens, asparagus, Brussels sprouts, avocado, broccoli.
• Zvekudya zvinosimbisa: Zvimwe zviyo (zviyo zvekudya zvemangwanani), mupunga, chingwa, pasta, hupfu hwechingwa, hupfu hwechibage. (Tarisa pane label kuti uone kana folic acid yawedzerwa.)
• Nyemba: Nyemba dzeitsvo, nyemba dzeitsvo.
• Nzungu: Nzungu, walnuts.
• Muchero: Michero yeCitrus yakaita semarangi nematangerines pamwe chete nemajusi ayo.

Yeuka: Folate inogona kuparadzwa kana chikafu ichi chikabikwa kwenguva yakareba, senge kana chabikwa mumvura. Saka zvibike zvishoma sezvinobvira, kana kuzviwedzera pakudya kwako kana zvichigona kudyiwa zvisina kubikwa (zvakagezwa zvakanaka).

Dambudziko iri richarapwa here kana rikarapwa?

Zvingangoitika kuti hongu! Kurapa kweanemia yekushaya folate kunowanzo budirira zvikuru. Mukati memwedzi mishoma yekutanga mishonga yekuwedzera vhitamini B9, vanhu vazhinji vanotanga kugadzira masero matsvuku eropa ane hutano zvakare, uye zviratidzo zvavo zvinovandudzika zvishoma nezvishoma.

Ndirini paunofanira kutaura nachiremba nezve folate deficiency anemia?

Iva nechokwadi chekutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba muzviitiko zvakaita seizvi:

• Kana usina chokwadi chekuti unoda folate yakawanda sei pazuva, kana kuti uri kuiwana yakakwana.
• Kana uine zviratidzo zvekushaya ropa (zvakadai sekuneta, kushaya simba, kushaya mweya).
• Kana uine chimwe chirwere chinogona kukonzera kushomeka kwe folate.
• Kana wakamborapwa chirwere chekushaya folate deficiency anemia uye uchinzwa sekunge zviratidzo zvako zvava kudzoka.
• Kana uchironga kubata pamuviri, kana kuti watova nepamuviri, izvi zvakakosha zvikuru!

Zvinogona kuodza mwoyo zvishoma kuziva kuti une dambudziko nemasero ako eropa. Asi yeuka, zviratidzo inzira yemuviri wako yekukuudza kuti pane chakaipa. Zvingave kuti unoda kudya zvine mwero, kana kuti ingave chirwere chiripo. Chiremba wako achashanda newe kuti awane chikonzero. Vachakupawo mishonga yekuwedzera yevhitamini B9 pamwe nemimwe mishonga kana zvichidikanwa. Nekurapwa kwakakodzera uye kutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako, zviratidzo zvako zvingangove zviri nani.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, saka hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvekurangarira kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo:

• Folate (vhitamini B9) chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira masero matsvuku eropa ane hutano.
• Kushomeka kwe folate kunogona kukonzera kuumbwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa makuru (`megaloblasts`), zvichikonzera anemia.
• Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakaita sekuneta nguva dzose, kushaya simba, ganda rakachenuruka, uye kufema zvakaoma, ona chiremba.
• Isa zvekudya zvine folate yakawanda (nyemba, miriwo yakasvibira, nzungu, chikafu chine folate yakawedzerwa) mukudya kwako.
• Vakadzi vane pamuviri, vanoyamwisa, uye vari kuedza kubata pamuviri vanofanira kungwarira zvakanyanya nezve folate. Inwa mapiritsi e folic acid sezvawakarairwa nachiremba wako.
• Kazhinji chirwere ichi chinogona kurapwa zvachose nekurapwa.

Saka, chengetedza muviri wako. Idya chikafu chakakwana. Kana uine matambudziko, usatya kutaura nachiremba. Kugara uine hutano ndicho chinhu chakakosha!

Folate , anemia, vhitamini B9, kushomeka kweropa, masero matsvuku eropa, kushomeka kwekudya kunovaka muviri, hutano hwepamuviri