Chiremba wako akakunyorerera mushonga wekuderedza kushungurudzika here? Kana kuti pane munhu waunoziva anoshandisa mushonga uyu here? Kunyangwe paine nyaya dzakawanda munharaunda nezvemushonga uyu, vangani vanhu vanoziva chaizvo kuti unokanganisa sei uropi uye zvinoitika nekuda kweizvozvo? Vanhu vazhinji vanotya mushonga uyu, asi chikonzero chekutya ikoko kusaziva. Saka, ngatinzwisise izvi zviri nyore uye zvakajeka nhasi, sekunge tiri kutaura neshamwari.
Chii chinonzi mishonga iyi yekuora mwoyo?
Kunyangwe mishonga iyi ichinzi 'mishonga yekuora mwoyo', haingoshandiswi kurapa kuora mwoyo chete, chirwere chepfungwa chinokonzera kunzwa kunetseka kwakanyanya uye kushaya tariro. Mishonga iyi yakatanga kuunzwa muma1950. Nhasi, pamusoro pekuora mwoyo, mishonga iyi inotenderwawo kune zvirwere zvakaita seOCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder), Social Phobia, Panic Disorder, GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder), uye PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder).
Pamusoro pezvo, vanachiremba dzimwe nguva vanogona kunyora mushonga uyu kune zvirwere zvakaita sekurwadziwa kusingaperi, kushaya hope, uye migraine. Izvi zvinonzi kushandiswa 'kwekunze kwechiratidzo'. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mushonga uyu hausati wabvumidzwa zviri pamutemo kune chirwere ichocho, asi chiremba anotenda kuti murwere achabatsirwa nawo.
Mushonga uyu unokanganisa sei uropi hwedu?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mishonga iyi inoshanda nekuchinja huwandu hwemakemikari muuropi hwedu. Tinodaidza kuti makemikari aya neurotransmitters . Aya ndiwo anodzora zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita semanzwiro edu, manzwiro, kurara, uye chishuwo chekudya.
Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi. Masero etsinga ari muuropi hwedu anoshandisa aya 'matumwa' anonzi ma neurotransmitters kuti ataurirane. Sero rimwe retsinga rinoburitsa mutumwa uyu, richiendesa meseji kune rimwe sero. Mushure mekunge meseji yatumirwa, mutumwa anokurumidza kudzoserwa musero rekutanga (izvi zvinonzi reuptake ).
Zvinonyanya kuitwa nemishonga inorwisa kuora mwoyo kunonoka kudzokororwa kwemushonga zvishoma. Zvadaro, mutumwa (semuenzaniso, serotonin) anogara pakati pemasero maviri etsinga (synapse) kwenguva yakareba. Zvadaro inogona kushanda kwenguva yakareba uye inovandudza mafungiro edu.
Chokwadi ndechekuti, kunyangwe nyanzvi hadzina chokwadi che100% kuti mishonga iyi inoshanda sei, nekuti uropi hwemunhu chinhu chakaoma kunzwisisa. Asi tsvakiridzo yakaratidza kuti inogona kubatsira kudzora zviratidzo.
Mhando dzemishonga inodzivirira kudzokororwa kwemvura (reuptake inhibitors) dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya
Mishonga inonyanya kunyorerwa vanhu vanorwara nepfungwa (antidepressants) parizvino iri muboka iri. Yakakamurwa kuita mhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
1. SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
Iyi ndiyo mishonga yekutanga inowanzonyorerwa navanachiremba. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, iyi inonyanya kunangana ne neurotransmitter serotonin . Serotonin inokosha pazvinhu zvakaita semanzwiro edu, maitiro edu, uye ndangariro.
Kana wangotanga kutora mushonga uyu, zvinogona kutora mavhiki akati wandei, dzimwe nguva kusvika kumwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu, kuti uone mhedzisiro yakazara. Saka zvakakosha kuva nemoyo murefu. Zvakare, usamborega kutora mushonga uyu kamwe kamwe usina kurairwa nachiremba wako. Kuita izvi kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvisingafadzi (antidepressant discontinuation syndrome).
Serotonin Syndrome - Chimwe chinhu chekunetseka nacho!
Dzimwe nguva, kana ukatora mimwe mishonga inowedzera huwandu hweserotonin, senge SSRIs, huwandu hweserotonin muuropi hunogona kuwedzera zvisina kufanira. Izvi zvinogona kuva nengozi.
| Zviratidzo zvakajairika zveSerotonin Syndrome | |
|---|---|
| - Kunetseka, kusagadzikana | - Vadzidzi vakakura |
| - Kusvotwa, kurutsa, dumbu rakavhiringika | - Kugwinha kwetsandanyama, kuomarara |
| - Kudikitira zvakanyanya, kudedera | - Kufamba-famba kwemaziso nekukurumidza kubva kurutivi kuenda kurutivi |
| Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvinoda kupinda muchipatara nekukasika: | |
| - Kuvhiringidzika kwakanyanya kana kuvhiringidzika mupfungwa | - Fivha yakanyanya |
| - Kurova kwemoyo kunokurumidza zvikuru | - Kubatwa nepfari |
| - Kukwira kweropa | - Kurasikirwa nepfungwa |
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi zvakakomba, enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo nekukasika .
2. SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
Iyi imhando yemishonga yemhando yepamusoro zvishoma yakauya mushure meSSRIs. Inokanganisa neurotransmitters serotonin ne norepinephrine . Norepinephrine inokosha kuti tinyatsoteerera uye tirambe takamuka. Ndosaka mishonga iyi dzimwe nguva ichishandiswa kurapa marwadzo asingaperi (semuenzaniso, chirwere cheshuga, fibromyalgia).
- Mienzaniso yakajairika: Duloxetine (Cymbalta), Venlafaxine (Effexor)
- Migumisiro inowanzoonekwa: kuda kurutsa, muromo wakaoma, kuneta, hope, dzungu, kudikitira.
3. NDRIs (Norepinephrine uye Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors)
Mushonga uyu unowedzera huwandu hwe neurotransmitters norepinephrine nedopamine . Dopamine inokosha pamufaro wedu, kukurudzirwa, uye kutariswa.
- Muenzaniso mukuru: Bupropion (Wellbutrin). Uyu mushonga unogona kukubatsirawo kurega kusvuta.
- Zvakakosha kuziva: Ine migumisiro mishoma yepabonde pane mimwe mishonga inorwisa kuora mwoyo. Zvisinei, haina kukodzera vanhu vari panjodzi yekubatwa nepfari.
Mamwe marudzi, ekare asi achiri kukosha
Kunyange hazvo mishonga iyi isinganyanyi kushandiswa pari zvino, inogona kubatsira zvikuru kune vamwe vanhu vasingapindure mishonga mitsva. Zvisinei, ine migumisiro yakawanda.
Mishonga yeTricyclic uye tetracyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Iyi mishonga yekare yave ichishandiswa kubvira kuma1950. Kunyangwe ichishanda semishonga mitsva, ine mimwe migumisiro yakaipa. Semuenzaniso, inogona kukonzera hope, kuoma kwemuromo, kuwedzera uremu, uye kuchinja kwekurova kwemoyo.
- Mienzaniso yakajairika: Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline, Clomipramine.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Iyi mishonga yekare uye isingawanzo shandiswa. Paunenge uchishandisa iyi , unofanirwa kungwarira zvakanyanya pane zvaunodya. Nekuti kana ukadya chikafu chine amino acid 'Tyramine' (semuenzaniso, chizi chakachekwa, soy sauce, nyama, michero), BP yako inogona kukwira zvine njodzi. Zvakare, kutora iyi pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga inorwisa kuora mwoyo kune njodzi huru.
Zvakakosha kuzivisa chiremba wako nezvemishonga, mavhitamini, kana mishonga yemiti yauri kutora, sezvo mishonga iyi inogona kukanganisana.
Mishonga yekubatsira pakurapa inogona kushandiswa
Iyi haisi mishonga, asi mishonga yekuwedzera kana mishonga yekuwedzera inogona kubatsira pazvirwere zvakasiyana. Hazvikurudzirwi kushandiswa chete pakurapa kushungurudzika. Zvisinei, inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nekurapwa kwakajairika, sezvakarayirwa nachiremba wako.
- SAMe (S-adenosyl-methionine): Kemikari inogadzirwa nemuviri inobatsira kugadzira ma neurotransmitters.
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Izvi, kunyanya zvinowanikwa mumafuta ehove, zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kuzvimba muuropi.
- Vhitamini D: Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti pane hukama pakati pekushaikwa kwevhitamini iyi, iyo inowanikwa kubva muchiedza chezuva, uye kuora mwoyo.
Asi yeuka, hazvina kunaka kutora mishonga iyi iwe pachako. Taura nachiremba wako woishandisa kana achinge abvumirwa chete. Nekuti dzimwe nguva mishonga iyi inogona kukanganisana nemimwe mishonga yauri kutora.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mishonga inorwisa kushushikana mupfungwa imhando yemishonga inochinja mashandiro emakemikari europi (neurotransmitters).
- Zvinogona kutora mavhiki kana mwedzi yakati wandei kuti mishonga iyi ishande zvizere, saka zvakakosha kuva nemoyo murefu .
- Usambofa watanga, uchichinja mushonga, kana kuti kamwe kamwe urege kutora chero mushonga usina kurairwa nachiremba wako. Kuita izvi kunogona kuva nengozi.
- Udza chiremba wako nezve mimwe mishonga, mavhitamini, kana mishonga yemiti yauri kutora.
- Kana zviratidzo zvakakomba zvakaita sekuvhiringidzika kwakanyanya, fivha yakanyanya, uye pfari zvikaitika, enda kuchipatara nekukurumidza kuEmergency Department (ETU), sezvo ingave serotonin syndrome.
- Kana muine zvinokunetsai kana kuti zvamunotya nezvemushonga uyu, taurai nachiremba wenyu nezvazvo pachena.
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