Mwana wako mudiki ane bundu mudumbu make kana pamutsipa rinoita sebundu here? Kana kuti pane mavanga kana mavanga ebhuruu akakomberedza maziso ake anoita seakarohwa here? Amai vese kana baba vanotya uye vanonetseka pavanoona chimwe chinhu chakadai. Zvinoitika kakawanda. Asi dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zverudzi rwekenza inonzi 'Neuroblastoma', inoitika kunyanya muvana vadiki. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvazvo tisingatyi uye titsanangure zvakajeka zvese zvamunoda kuziva.
Chii chinonzi Neuroblastoma chaizvo?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Neuroblastoma rudzi rwegomarara rinokura mutsinga dzevana vadiki nevacheche. Tsinga dzemuviri wedu dzinoumbwa kubva mumasero etsinga asina kukura anonzi 'neuroblasts'. Gomarara reNeuroblastoma rinokura mumasero aya etsinga asina kukura.
Kazhinji, kenza iyi inotanga mumasero etsinga asina kukura muadrenal glands, magland maviri madiki ari pamusoro peitsvo. Magland aya anogadzira mahormone anotonga zvinhu zvakawanda mumuviri wedu zvatisingatombozivi kuti zvinoitika, zvakaita sekurova kwemoyo, kumanikidzwa kweropa, kufema, uye kugaya. Pamusoro peizvi, kenza iyi inogona zvakare kutanga mutsinga mumusana, mudumbu, pachipfuva, kana mumutsipa. Nekufamba kwenguva, masero aya ekenza anogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
Kufanotaura kwemwana ane chirwere ichi kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei, kusanganisira nzvimbo yekenza, zera remwana, uye danho (kuti kenza yapararira kusvika papi).
Ichi chirwere chinowanzoitika here?
Kwete, Neuroblastoma igomarara risingawanzoitiki. Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti ndiyo gomarara rinowanzoonekwa muvacheche. Chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika kuvana vari pasi pemakore mashanu. Dzimwe nguva gomarara iri rinogona kukura kunyangwe mwana achiri mudumbu. Kashoma kuona gomarara iri muvana vane makore anopfuura gumi.
Matanho eNeuroblastoma anorongwa sei?
Kana mwana wako akaonekwa kuti ane chirwere ichi, vanachiremba vachazotarisa kuti kenza yapararira kusvika papi uye kuti iri kukura nekukurumidza sei. Izvi zvichaona 'njodzi' yechirwere. Ndipo chete pachasarudzwa nzira yakakodzera yekurapa mwana.
Kare, danho iri raionekwa nekutarisa kuti kenza yasara mumuviri mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Asi ikozvino, vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira inogamuchirwa pasi rose. Mariri, danho iri rinoonekwa nekutarisa kuti kenza yapararira kusvika papi, zvichibva pane scans (senge `CT scan` kana `MRI`). Ngatinzwisisei matanho aya nenzira iri nyore.
| Danho rechirwere | Zvakatsanangurwa zviri nyore |
|---|---|
| Chikamu L1 | Iyi ndiyo nhanho yakaderera yengozi. Gomarara iri muchikamu chimwe chete chemuviri. Uyewo, hapana nhengo huru dzakakanganiswa. |
| Danho L2 | Pano zvakare, kenza inongowanikwa munzvimbo imwe chete. Zvisinei, inogona kunge yakapararira kuma lymph nodes ari pedyo. Zvakare, nekuda kwekuti kenza yakatenderedza mitsipa mikuru yeropa, pane kukanganiswa kwenhengo dzakakosha. |
| Chikamu M | Apa ndipo panonyanya kukonzera njodzi. Pano, masero egomarara apararira kune nhengo dzinopfuura imwe chete dzemuviri, kureva kuti, kunzvimbo dziri kure (chirwere chinopararira kure). |
| Danho reMS | Ichi chiitiko chakakosha. Chinongoonekwa chete kuvana vari pasi pemwedzi gumi nemisere. Pano, kenza inongopararira paganda, pachiropa, kana mumwongo wemapfupa. Vana vari padanho iri vane mukana wakakura wekupora. Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa sechirwere chine njodzi shoma. |
Sei rudzi urwu rwekenza ruchikura?
Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ndechekuti masero etsinga asina kukura (`neuroblasts`) atakataura nezvawo kare anokura zvisingadzoreki. Kana kushanduka kwemajini kukaitika mumasero iwayo, masero iwayo anotanga kupatsanurana nekukura zvisina kujairika. Masero anoungana nenzira iyi anoumba bundu. Vanachiremba havasati vaziva chikonzero chaicho chekushanduka kwemajini uku.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti izvi hazvikonzerwi nemhosva yevabereki. Uyewo, mu98% - 99% yezviitiko, chirwere ichi hachigarwi nhaka.
Zvisinei, kana mumwe munhu mumhuri akambova neNeuroblastoma, pane mukana mudiki wekuti mwana aibatwe nayo. Asi hazviwanzoitiki. Uyewo, vana vanoberekwa vaine zvimwe zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Zviratidzo zve neuroblastoma zvinosiyana zvakanyanya. Zvimwe zvinogona kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma. Zviratidzo izvi zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yebundu uye danho rechirwere. Kazhinji, panguva iyo zviratidzo zvinoonekwa, kenza inenge yatopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
Heano mamwe ezviratidzo zvakajairika:
- Mapundu: Bundu rinonyatsonzwika mumutsipa, pachipfuva, mudumbu, kana muchiuno. Muvana vacheche, mapundu akati wandei ebhuruu kana epepuru anogona kuonekwa pasi peganda.
- Maziso: Maziso anoita seari kubuda, ane ruvara rutema/rwebhuruu rwakapoteredza maziso, sekunge akakuvara.
- Kusagadzikana mudumbu: Manyoka, kuvimbiwa, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kurasikirwa nechido chekudya.
- Kuneta uye kuchenuruka: Kuneta nguva dzose, kukosora, fivha. Ganda rakachenuruka. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushaya ropa, kunova kudzikira kwemasero matsvuku eropa.
- Kuzvimba: Dumbu rakazvimba uye rinorwadza.
- Kuoma kufema: Kunyanya muvana vacheche.
- Kushaya simba: Kushaya simba mumakumbo netsoka, kunetseka kufamba, kana kuoma mitezo.
Sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi, zviratidzo zvakadai zvinogonawo kuoneka:
- Kukwira kweropa uye kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza.
- Kurwadziwa mumapfupa, musana, kana makumbo.
- Matambudziko ekufamba kwemuviri pamwe nekuenzanisa muviri.
- Kufamba-famba kwemaziso nekukurumidza, kusingadzoreki.
- Chirwere chinonzi Horner's syndrome, chinoratidzwa nekurembera kwemaziso kurutivi rumwe chete rwechiso, mativi madiki, uye kudikitira kushoma.
Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Dambudziko iri rinowanzoonekwa kuvana vari pasi pemakore mashanu. Dzimwe nguva, bundu iri rinogona kuonekwa kunyangwe panguva yekuongorora mwana achiri mudumbu.
Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti asimbise chirwere chacho.
Kuongororwa Kwemuviri
Kutanga, chiremba achanyatsoongorora mwana. Vachaongorora mapundu nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kumira zvakanaka. Vachaitawo bvunzo yetsinga kuti vaone mashandiro etsinga, mafungiro, uye kubatana kwenhengo dzemuviri.
Kuedzwa kweRopa neWeti
Miedzo iyi inosanganisira kuongororwa kweropa rose (CBC) kuti uone kana ropa risina kukwana uye zvimwe zvirwere, uye kutarisa huwandu hwemakemikari anoungana muropa nemuweti kana paine kenza.
Kuongororwa kwemuviri
Chinoitwa pano kutora kanyama kadiki kubva mubundu wokaongorora uchishandisa maikorosikopu. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti iNeuroblastoma. Inotarisawo kana masero egomarara ari munyama iyi aine shanduko dzakakosha mumachromosomes awo. Ruzivo irworwo rwakakosha zvikuru pakuona huwandu hwenjodzi yemwana uye hurongwa hwekurapa.
Kuongororwa kweBone Morrow Biopsy
Mupfupa wemapfupa ndiwo chikamu chiri mukati memapfupa edu makuru. Apa ndipo panogadzirwa masero edu eropa. Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kuti kuonekwe kana kenza yapararira mupfupa.
Kuskena Mifananidzo
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora dzinoitwa kuti paonekwe kuti kenza iri kupi, yakakura sei, uye kana yapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
- CT scan: Dhayi yakakosha inopinzwa mumuviri uye mifananidzo yakawanda yeX-ray inotorwa.
- MRI scan: Inoshandisa magineti nemasaisai eredhiyo kutora mifananidzo yakadzama yemukati memuviri.
- MIBG scan: Iyi i scan inoenderana neNeuroblastoma. Mu scan iyi, kemikari ine radioactive inopinzwa mumuviri. Kemikari iyi inoenda kunzvimbo dzine masero eNeuroblastoma. Zvadaro, kana ikatariswa nekamera yakakosha, zvinokwanisika kuona zvakajeka kuti kenza yapararira kupi mumuviri. Zvisinei, inenge 10% yemasero ekenza evana haatore MIBG iyi. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, imwe mhando ye scan inonzi `PET scan` inoshandiswa.
- Ultrasound scan uye X-ray: Izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa kuwana pfungwa yakajeka yenzvimbo yebundu uye kukanganisa kwaro panhengo dzakapoteredza.
Ndeipi mishonga yeNeuroblastoma?
Kurapwa kunoenderana nezera remwana, danho rechirwere, njodzi iripo, uye nzvimbo yebundu. Chikwata chevanachiremba chichashanda nemi kugadzira hurongwa hwakanakisa hwekurapa mwana wenyu.
Kurapwa zvichienderana nenjodzi
- Neuroblastoma Isingakoshi: Vamwe vana vari muchikamu ichi, kunyanya vari pasi pemwedzi mitanhatu, vanogona kugara vachiongororwa nachiremba wavo pasina kurapwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti mamwe mabundu anopera ega pasina kurapwa. Vamwe vana vangada kuvhiyiwa, chemotherapy, kana zvese zviri zviviri kubvisa bundu iri.
- Neuroblastoma ine Njodzi yePakati: Vana ava vanowanzo kuvhiyiwa kuti bundu ribviswe. Kana rapararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes, vanobviswawo. Chemotherapy inopiwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Dzimwe nguva, chemotherapy inogona kupiwa vasati vavhiyiwa kuti bundu riderere.
- Neuroblastoma ine Njodzi Yakanyanya: Vana ava vanopiwa musanganiswa wemishonga. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira chemotherapy, kuvhiyiwa, chemotherapy yakawanda ine stem cell transplant, radiation, uye immunotherapy.
Zvikuru sei, vana vane mamwe makopi ejini reMYCN mumasero avo egomarara vanoonekwa sevane njodzi huru, zvisinei nedanho rechirwere, nekuti jini iri rinogona kukonzera kuti gomarara rikure uye ripararire nekukurumidza.
Ngatidzidzei zvishoma nezvenzira dzekurapa nadzo.
Zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvakajeka kuti mishonga ipi iri kupihwa mwana wako uye kuti inosanganisira chii.
| Nzira yekurapa | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinoitika? |
|---|---|
| Kurapwa nemakemikari | Izvi zvinosanganisira kupa muviri mishonga inomisa masero egomarara kuti asaparadzane uye asakure. Mishonga iyi inopihwa kuburikidza netsinga. Kurapa uku kunogona kutora mavhiki kana mwedzi. |
| Kuvhiya | Vanachiremba vanovhiya kuti vabvise bundu regomarara. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva zvingasakwanisika kuribvisa zvachose. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, chemotherapy kana radiation therapy zvinoshandiswa kuparadza chero masero asara. |
| Kurapa Nemwaranzi | Mwaranzi ine simba guru inoshandiswa kuparadza masero ekenza kana kumisa kukura kwawo. Kurapa uku kunowanzo pihwa vana vane njodzi huru kudzivirira kenza kuti isadzoke mushure mekurapwa. |
| Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri | Izvi zvinoshanda nekudzidzisa masoja emuviri emwana kurwisa masero egomarara anosara mushure memamwe marapirwo. Mishonga yakakosha (antibodies) inopiwa kuburikidza netsinga. Mishonga iyi inowana uye inonamira papuroteni inonzi GD2 pamusoro pemasero eNeuroblastoma. Izvi zvinobva zvapa chiratidzo kumasoja emuviri kuti aparadze masero iwayo. |
| Kudyarwa kweStem Cell | Uku kurapa kwakaoma. Kutanga, masero emwana ane hutano anotorwa kubva muropa rake ochengetwa mufiriji. Zvadaro, chemotherapy yakasimba kwazvo, ine mwero mukuru inopihwa kuuraya masero ese ekenza mumuviri. Zvadaro, masero iwayo ane hutano anochengetwa anodzoserwa mumuviri wemwana. Masero iwayo anoenda kumongo wemapfupa ovaka masero matsva eropa ane hutano uye masoja ekudzivirira muviri. |
Ndeipi mukana wekurapa chirwere ichi? (Kufungidzira)
Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo mukuru uri mupfungwa dzemubereki wese. Mwero wekupora kwevana vane neuroblastoma unosiyana.
- Mwero wekupora wakakwira zvikuru kuvana vari muchikamu chenjodzi yakaderera kana yepakati , kunyanya vana vadiki. Vanenge 90% - 95% yevana vanopora zvachose.
- Mwero wekupora kwevana vakuru vari muboka rine njodzi huru ungangoita 60% .
Asi musarasa tariro. Vanachiremba nevaongorori vari kuramba vachiedza kutsvaga mishonga inoshanda kune boka iri revana vane njodzi huru. Kune mishonga mitsva yakawanda yakatoratidza mhedzisiro inobudirira.
Chirwere ichi chinogona kudzivirirwa here?
Zvinosuwisa kuti hapana nzira yekudzivirira Neuroblastoma. Kana iwe kana mumwe wako wakambova nechirwere ichi uri mwana, kana kuti kana mumwe munhu mumhuri mako aine nhoroondo yacho, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo. Asi yeuka kuti Neuroblastoma inogarwa nhaka haiwanzoitiki (1% - 2%).
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Kana muchifunga kuti mwana wenyu ane chimwe chezviratidzo zvatakurukura, musanonoka kuenda kuna chiremba nekukurumidza. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kuongororwa kwechirwere nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru kupora kwemwana.
Kana mwana akaonekwa aine kenza, zvinogona kuoma kuti mhuri yese itsungirire. Zvinokatyamadza zvikuru. Asi hausi wega. Vanachiremba, vanamukoti, nevashandi vanorapa vana ava vakazvipira zvikuru. Zvakare, bvunza chiremba wako nezvemapoka ekutsigirana kwaunogona kutaura nevamwe vabereki vakambosanganawo nedambudziko rakafanana. Kugovana zvakaitika uye kunzwa nyaya dzevamwe kunogona kukubatsira zvikuru.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Neuroblastoma rudzi rwegomarara rinowanikwa muvana vadiki, kunyanya vacheche.
- Kana mwana wako aine zviratidzo zvakaita sebundu mudumbu kana mumutsipa, kutaridzika kwemavanga akakomberedza maziso ake, fivha isingaperi, kana kushaya chido chekudya, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.
- Chirwere ichi hachikonzerwi nemhosva yevabereki. Chinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini. Hazviwanzoitiki kuti chipfuurirwe muzvizvarwa nezvizvarwa.
- Nzira dzekurapa dzakagadziridzwa. Kurapa kunotarisirwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwengozi yechirwere chemwana.
- Vana vari muboka rine njodzi shoma vane mukana mukuru wekupora. Mishonga mitsva inoshanda iri kuwanikwa nguva dzose yevana vane njodzi huru. Gara uchivimba nechikwata chako chekurapa.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment