Wakambonyorerwa mushonga nachiremba here, asi hauna kushanda kwauri, kunyangwe wakashanda kushamwari yako here? Kana kuti wakambova nemigumisiro yaunowana iwe chete kubva kune mimwe mishonga isingashandi kune vamwe? Ungave wakambozvibvunza kuti, "Sei mushonga uyu usingashande kwandiri?" Wakambofunga here kuti chikonzero cheizvi chingave majini ako? Hazvishamisi here? Ehe, majini madiki aya ari mumiviri yedu anogona kuchinja zvachose mashandiro anoita mushonga watinotora. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezveimwe yenzvimbo itsva uye dzakakosha dzekurapa. Ndiyo Pharmacogenomics.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Pharmacogenomics?
Izwi iri rakareba zvishoma uye rinoita serakaoma, handiti? Asi ngatiritsanangure. Saka zviri nyore kwazvo. Rinoumbwa nemashoko maviri akasanganiswa.
1. Kurapwa kwemishonga: Izvi zvinoreva kudzidza nezvemishonga . Kureva kuti mushonga unoshandiswa sei, zvaunoita kumuviri, uye kuti migumisiro yawo ndeipi.
2. Genomics: Izvi zvinoreva kudzidza majini nekushanda kwawo .
Saka kana izvi zviviri zvikabatana, Pharmacogenomics inyaya yekudzidza kuti majini edu anopindura sei kumishonga yatinotora. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ndezvekutsvaga kuti mushonga waunopiwa unoshanda sei, kana kuti unogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa, zvichibva pamajini ako.
Izvi ndezvemubazi mutsva wezvekurapa unonzi "Precision Medicine." Zvinoreva "mushonga chaiwo." Pane kupa munhu wese mushonga mumwe chete, zvinofunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita semajini ako, mararamiro ako, nenzvimbo yaunogara, uye zvinosarudza mushonga wakakodzera iwe . Funga nezvazvo sekuenda kuchitoro kunotenga dhirezi rakaenzana nemunhu wese, pane kuenda kumusoni wobva wagadzirwa dhirezi zvinoenderana nechiyero chako. Izvi zvakafanana.
Parizvino, nzira iyi inoshandiswa chete pazvirwere nemishonga mishoma. Semuenzaniso, tekinoroji iyi inoshandiswa pakurapa HIV, mamwe marudzi ekenza, kuora mwoyo, uye mimwe mishonga yezvirwere zvemwoyo. Asi basa iri riri kukura nekukurumidza. Vaongorori vanotenda kuti munguva pfupi, pharmacogenomics ichabatsira vanachiremba kusarudza mishonga yakakodzera kunyangwe yezvirwere zvakajairika.
Majini edu anokanganisa sei mishonga?
Kuti tinzwisise izvi, tinofanira kutanga tatarisa zvinoitwa nemajini mumiviri yedu. Funga nezvemajini edu sebhuku remirayiridzo rakakwana rekuvaka nekushanda kwemiviri yedu. Masero ari mumiviri yedu anoshanda zvichienderana nemirairo iri mubhuku remirayiridzo iri.
Chinhu chikuru chekuita nemirairo iyi ma enzymes.Kugadzira mamorekuru emapuroteni anonzi maenzyme. Maenzyme akafanana nevashandi vadiki mumiviri yedu. Vashandi ava vane zviuru zvemabasa. Rimwe remabasa akakosha pamabasa aya kuputsa, kana kuti kuisa metaboliti mumishonga yatinotora.
Fungidzira wanwa piritsi. Harisi mushonga chaiwo wechirwere. Piritsi iroro rinofanira kutanga raendeswa kumafekitori ari mumiviri yedu (semuenzaniso, muchiropa), uko vashandi veko (kureva ma enzymes) vanoripwanya, voripwanya, uye vorishandisa nemuviri.
Zvino fungidzira, chii chinoitika kana ma enzyme aya asingashande zvakanaka nekuda kwekuchinja kwemajini evamwe vanhu?
- Kana ma enzymes achishanda nekukurumidza: Mushonga waunotora, usati wagona kunyudzwa uye kukanganisa chirwere, unobviswa mumuviri nekukurumidza. Ipapo piritsi rakajairika harikwani kwauri. Mushonga wacho unonzwa sekunge hausi kushanda.
- Kana ma enzymes achishanda nekukurumidza: Mushonga waunotora unopwanyika nekukurumidza mumuviri wako. Ipapo mushonga unoungana mumuviri wako zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti ushandise mushonga wakawandisa kunyangwe pahuwandu hwakajairika uye zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa .
- Kana enzyme ikasashanda zvachose: Dzimwe nguva, nekuda kwekuchinja kwemajini, muviri unogona kumira kugadzira enzyme iri kutaurwa nezvayo. Ipapo mushonga wacho ungasashanda zvachose kwauri.
Ndizvo zvinoita kuti kunyange shanduko diki mumajini edu dzive nemhedzisiro huru pamishonga yatinotora.
Ndeipi bvunzo inoshandiswa kuona shanduko idzi dzemajini?
Tinoti izvi bvunzo yemakemikari . Iyi bvunzo yemajini zvakare. Inotarisa DNA yako uye inotarisa chero shanduko mune rimwe kana akawanda majini chaiwo anokanganisa mapararire emushonga.
Kuongororwa uku kunowanzo shandiswa ropa kana buccal swab . Zviri nyore kwazvo. Chiremba wako anotumira muenzaniso uyu kurabhoritari. Vanamakanika vari ikoko vanoongorora DNA yako kuti vaone kana paine shanduko mumajini akakodzera.
Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza majini ekuyera zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ehutano uye rudzi rwemishonga yaanoronga kukupa.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu api panodiwa bvunzo ye pharmacogenomic?
Bvunzo iyi haisi kuitwa pachirwere chega chega kana mishonga yese. Zvisinei, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira bvunzo iyi pakurapa mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Ngatitarisei mimwe mienzaniso. Kuti unzwisise ruzivo urwu zvakajeka, ona tafura iri pazasi.
| Dambudziko rehutano | Jini/enzyme inobatanidzwa | Mhedzisiro uye tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|---|
| Kolesteroli yakakwira | Jini reSLCO1B1 | Vanhu vane mamwe marudzi ejini iri vanogona kurwadziwa zvakanyanya uye kushaya simba kwetsandanyama pavanenge vachitora mishonga yestatin (semuenzaniso, Simvastatin, Atorvastatin) yekuderedza cholesterol. Kana izvi zvikaonekwa pakutanga kwebvunzo , chiremba wako anogona kukwanisa kunyora mumwe mushonga. |
| Kuora mwoyo | Majini eCYP2D6 neCYP2C19 | Kuchinja kwemajini aya kunochinja mwero wekushandiswa kwemimwe mishonga inorwisa kuora mwoyo mumuviri. Kune vamwe, mushonga uyu unoshanda zvakanaka. Kune vamwe, unokonzera migumisiro yakawanda. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kubatsira kusarudza mushonga unoshanda zvakanyanya une migumisiro mishoma . |
| Gomarara | Majini akasiyana-siyana (semuenzaniso HER2, TPMT, UGT1A1, DPD) |
|
| Kudzivirira kuumbwa kweropa | CYP2C19 gene nedzimwe | Warfarin inobvisa ropa rakawanda inofanira kupihwa nedosi shoma kwazvo kuvanhu vane mamwe majini akasiyana. Zvakare, mushonga we clopidogrel (Plavix®) ungasashande zvachose kune vamwe vanhu nekuda kwekuchinja kweCYP2C19 enzyme. |
| hutachiona hweHIV | Majini eHLA-B neCYP2B6 | Vanhu vane rudzi rwakasiyana rweHLA-B gene vanogona kuita ganda ravo risingashande zvakanaka kana vakapihwa mushonga weAbacavir. Saka, bvunzo iyi inosungirwa vasati vapihwa mushonga uyu. |
| Matambudziko emuviri wekuzvidzivirira | TPMT, NUDT15, CYP3A5 | Mushure mekuisirwa nhengo, sekuisirwa itsvo, kushanda kwemishonga inodzvinyirira immune (semuenzaniso, Azathioprine, Tacrolimus) kunoenderana nemajini aya. Kuchinja kwemajini aya kunogonawo kuwedzera njodzi yekuti muviri urambe nhengo yakaisirwa . |
Ndezvipi zvakanakira nzira iyi?
Sezvo munda wePharmacogenomics uchikura, tichabatsirwa zvikuru.
- Kurapa kwakachengeteka: Vanachiremba vanogona kuona mishonga inogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa kana kudhakwa kwemishonga kune vamwe vanhu, saka vanogona kudzivirira mishonga iyoyo uye kukupa mishonga yakachengeteka .
- Kushanda zvakanaka uye kudzikiswa kwemitengo yekurapa: Fungidzira, unofanira kuchinja mishonga mitatu kusvika mina yechirwere, wozopedzisira wawana mushonga wakakodzera. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, nguva yako, mari, nesimba zvinotambisa. Uye unotambura kusvika chirwere chacho chava nani. Asi kana bvunzo iyi ichigona kurapa chirwere nemushonga wekutanga wakapihwa , izvozvo zvingave zvakanaka sei?
- Kugadzirwa kwemishonga yakanangana: Zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwejini. Saka vaongorori vanogona kugadzira mishonga mitsva inotarisa zvakananga kuchinja kwejini iroro . Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru mukurapa zvirwere zvakaita sekenza.
Asi izvi zvine miganhu yazvo...
Kunyangwe nzira iyi yakanaka sei, haigadzirise zvese. Pakusarudza mushonga, chiremba haangofungi nezvemajini chete. Pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvekufunga nezvazvo.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti majini ako anongova chikamu chenyaya yacho. Kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa mashandiro anoita mushonga.
Chiremba anofanirawo kunetseka nezvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se:
- Mimwe mishonga yauri kutora parizvino: Mushonga wauri kutora weimwe chirwere uye mumwe wechimwe chirwere unogona kukanganisa muviri wako nenzira inoita kuti uparare.
- Zvimwe zvirwere zvaunazvo: Semuenzaniso, kana uine matambudziko echiropa kana itsvo, zvinogona kukanganisa nzira inobviswa mushonga mumuviri.
- Mararamiro ako: Zvaunodya uye zvaunonwa, kungave uchiita maekisesaizi kana kwete, uye kunyange zvinhu zvakaita sekusvuta nekushandisa doro zvinogona kukanganisa kuputsika kwemishonga yako.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe matambudziko akati wandei:
- Mutengo: Kunyangwe mutengo wekuongororwa kwemajini uku uri kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, ungangove uchidhura zvakanyanya zvekuti vamwe vanhu havakwanise kutenga.
- Kusasvikika: Nzvimbo dzekuitisa bvunzo idzi hadzisati dzavapo kwese kwese muSri Lanka. Dzinowanikwa munzvimbo shoma chete.
Zvisinei, ndima iyi ye "Precision Medicine" iri kukura nekukurumidza zvikuru. Kana uine mibvunzo nezveizvi, usatya kutaura nachiremba wako . Mubvunze kana paine zvakanakira kuita rudzi urwu rwekuongororwa kwechirwere chako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Pharmacogenomics ingori kudzidza kuti majini ako anokanganisa sei mishonga yaunotora.
- Kuburikidza nenzira iyi, chiremba wako anogona kusarudza mushonga wakachengeteka uye unoshanda zvakanyanya kwauri.
- Iyi ichiri kukura. Parizvino inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvishoma, zvakaita seHIV, cancer, uye depression.
- Haasi majini ako chete anosarudza kana mushonga uchashanda kwauri. Mararamiro ako, mimwe mishonga yaunotora, nezvimwe zvirwere zvine chekuitawo nazvo.
- Kana muine mibvunzo nezvenyaya iyi, munhu akakodzera uye akakodzera kutaura naye ndichiremba wenyu.
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