Hapana mumwe wedu anofunga zvakanyanya nezve "mate" muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, handiti? Tinoafunga sechimwe chinhu chiri mumuromo medu. Asi waizviziva here kuti pasina mate aya, waisazokwanisa kudya, kutaura, kana kuravira chikafu? Mate chaiwo mvura inoshamisa inoita basa rakakosha mumuviri wedu. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo chaizvo, uye zviri nyore, nhasi.
Mate anobatsirei zvikuru miviri yedu?
Mate haasi mvura shoma chete. Anobatsira zvikuru pahutano hwemuromo wedu pamwe chete nehutano hwedu hwese. Fungidzira kuti taizosangana nematambudziko mangani kudai taizorasikirwa nemate.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mate ndiwo anodzivirira muromo wedu uye ndiwo anotanga danho rekutanga mukugaya chikafu.
Heano mamwe ematambudziko makuru anoitika nemate.
| Basa rinoitwa nemate | Tsananguro chete |
|---|---|
| Kuchengetedza muromo nepahuro zvakanyorova | Mate ndiwo anoita kuti matama edu, rurimi, nemiromo zvisabatane, zvichiita kuti tikwanise kutaura zviri nyore. Anoshandawo semafuta anodzivirira kubva kuhutachiona. |
| Zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutsenga nekumedza chikafu | Mate anonyorovesa chikafu chatinodya, ochiita bhora diki (bolus) uye ochibatsira kufamba nepahuro. Pasina mate, kumedza chikafu kwaizova kwakaoma zvikuru. |
| Kutanga kugaya | Enzayimu inonzi amylase inowanikwa mumate inotanga kugaya chikafu chine starch (sechingwa nemupunga) mumuromo. |
| Dziviriro kubva kuzvirwere | Zvinhu zvakaita se lysozyme mumate zvinoparadza mabhakitiriya anokuvadza mumuromo uye zvinodzora utachiona hwemumuromo. |
| Kudzivirira mazino | Mate anosuka zvidimbu zvechikafu mushure mekudya. Anopawo calcium (Calcium hydroxyapatite) kumazino. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekuora kwezino uye chirwere chemazino . |
| Kuenzanisa pH yemuromo | Asidhi yezvinhu zvatinodya nekunwa inosiyana. Mate anochengetedza pH (acidity/alkaline) yemuromo pane imwe nhanho. |
| Kubatsira kuravira | Kuti rurimi rwedu runakirwe nechikafu chakaoma, runofanira kunge rwakanyorova. Unyoro ihwohwo hunopihwa nemate. |
Mate aya anobva kupi?
Mate anogadzirwa nemate ari mumuromo medu uye akakomberedza muromo wedu. Mate anogadzirwa nemate aya anopinda mumuromo nemumachubhu madiki (ducts). Tine mapeya matatu makuru emate.
- Matumbu eParotid: Aya ndiwo matumbu makuru emate. Ari pamberi perenzeve, mumatama. Anodurura mate mumuromo pedyo nemazino epamusoro.
- Matumbu emukati merurimi: Aya ari pasi perurimi.
- Matumbu emudumbu: Aya ari pasi peshaya yepazasi. Mate anobva mumatumbu aya anoyerera achipinda mumuromo pasi perurimi.
Matumbu matatu aya makuru anoburitsa 90% yemate edu. 10% yasara inogadzirwa nemazana ematumbu madiki ari mumuromo. Paavhareji, munhu mukuru anoburitsa 0.5 kusvika 1.5 litres yemate pazuva.
Kugadzirwa kwemate kunodzorwa sei?
Kugadzirwa kwemate kunodzorwa nehurongwa hwedu hwetsinga dzinozvitonga (ANS). Hatigone kudzora izvi nemaune, zvinoitika zvega. Zvikamu zviviri zvehurongwa uhwu zvinokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemate.
1. Sisitimu yetsinga inonzwira tsitsi
Izvi ndizvo zvinotigadzirira njodzi, kutya, uye kushushikana. Zvakafanana nemhinduro ye "kurwa kana kutiza". Kana sisitimu iyi yashanda, mate akakora, anonamira anogadzirwa.Ndosaka uchinzwa sekuti muromo wako wakaoma kana uchitya, uchitya, kana kuti uchiongororwa.
2. Sisitimu yetsinga ye parasympathetic
Sisitimu iyi inoita zvakasiyana nedzimwe sisitimu. Ndiyo inotiita kuti tigare takadzikama uye takasununguka. Inonzi "kuzorora-nekugaya." Kana sisitimu iyi yashanda, inogadzira mate emvura. Aya mate emvura ndiwo anotibatsira kudya nekumedza chikafu.
Uyewo, zvimwe zvinhu zvezuva nezuva zvinogona kuchinja kugadzirwa kwemate:
- Kana uchidya chimwe chinhu chinovava: Fungidzira uchidya chidimbu chemango nekamurimu kadiki. Muromo wako unotanga kusvipa mate, handiti? Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chikafu chinovava chine acid yakawanda. Muviri unogadzira mate akawanda ekuderedza acid iyoyo uye kudzivirira mazino ako.
- Pandinofunga nezvechikafu: Kunyangwe kufunga nezvechikafu chinonaka kunoita kuti muromo wangu udedere.
- Masikati neusiku: Kubuda kwemate kwakawanda masikati, asi husiku, patinorara, kubuda kwemate kunoderera zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvine chekuita nekufamba kwezuva nezuva kwemuviri wedu (Circadian rhythm).
Ndeipi mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve mate?
Mamwe matambudziko ehutano, mishonga, uye marapirwo zvinogona kuchinja huwandu uye hunhu hwemate anogadzirwa. Pane matambudziko maviri makuru: kusanyanya kukora uye kusanyanya kukora. Pamatambudziko aya, kusanyanya kukora ndiko kwakanyanya kuitika.
Hyposalivation uye muromo wakaoma
Izvi zvinonzi `Hyposalivation`. Chiratidzo chinobva pane izvi muromo wakaoma `(Xerostomia).` Kana mate asina kukwana, matambudziko akasiyana-siyana anogona kuitika.
| Matambudziko anogona kuitika nekuda kwekushomeka kwemate | |
|---|---|
| Mweya unonhuwa (Halitosis) | Kusagadzikana pamuromo nepahuro uye kurwadziwa |
| Kuwedzera kwekuora kwezino uye chirwere chemazino | Kuoma kutaura uye kumedza chikafu |
| Kuomerwa nekupfeka mazino ekugadzira mazino | Kuwanda kwenjodzi yehutachiona hwemuromo |
Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kuoma kwemuromo?
- Zvimwe zvirwere:Kushaya mvura mumuviri (kushaya mvura mumuviri), chirwere cheshuga chisingadzoreki zvakanaka, BP, HIV, Sjögren's syndrome, zvirwere zve autoimmune zvakaita se lupus.
- Mishonga: Mishonga yekuora mwoyo nekuzvidya mwoyo, mishonga yekurwara nepfungwa (antihistamines), mimwe mishonga inoderedza marwadzo, mimwe mishonga yeBP (beta-blockers), uye chemotherapy yekenza zvinogona kukonzera muromo wakaoma.
- Kurapa nemwaranzi: Kurapa nemwaranzi, kunyanya kune kenza yemusoro nemutsipa, kunogona kukuvadza masero emate uye kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemate.
Kupisa mate zvakanyanya
Dambudziko iri rinonzi `Hypersalivation` kana `Sialorrhea`. Apa ndipo apo matinji anoburitsa mate akawanda kupfuura zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera mate. Vacheche vadiki vanomedza mate nekuti havakwanise kudzora tsandanyama dzemuromo wavo nemazvo.
Kunyanya kunwa mate kunogona kukonzera maronda anorwadza, akatsemuka pamakona emuromo (Angular cheilitis). Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mate aya akawandisa anogona kupinda mumhepo okonzera zvirwere zvakaita se aspiration pneumonia.
Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kuwanda kwemate?
- Maburi asina kurapwa: Kuora kwezino kunoita kuti mabhakitiriya akure mumuromo. Muviri unogona kubudisa mate akawanda mukuedza kubvisa mabhakitiriya aya.
- Gastritis (GERD): Kana acid yemudumbu ikakwira muhuro, muviri unoburitsa mate akawanda kudzivirira muromo kubva kuacid iyoyo.
- Kusvotwa nekurutsa: Kana wava kuda kurutsa, maronda ako emumate anoburitsa mate akawanda kudzivirira acid yemudumbu kuti isakuvadze muromo wako.
- Kubata Pamuviri: Munguva yekuzvitakura, kuchinja kwemahormone uye kuda kurutsa zvinogona kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemate kwenguva pfupi.
- Mimwe mishonga: Mimwe mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa (semuenzaniso, Clozapine) inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemate semhedzisiro.
Ndoona chiremba here nezvenyaya yakadai?
Ehe, zvechokwadi. Kana muromo wako uchigara wakaoma kana kuti uchibuda mate, usazviregeredza. Enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika. Iye anogona kukuongorora uye kuona chiri kukonzera. Inogona kunge iri mushonga wauri kutora, kana kuti inogona kunge iri chiratidzo cheimwe chirwere. Kana chikonzero chaonekwa, chiremba wako anogona kukunyorera mushonga wakakodzera.
Vamwe vanhu vanonzwa mate akakora uye anonamira. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi chinogona kunge chiri kupera mvura mumuviri. Saka, zvakakosha kunwa mvura yakawanda . Zvisinei, kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba nezvazvo.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mate imvura inokosha pahutano hwemuromo nemuviri wedu. Inobatsira kugaya chikafu, inodzivirira mazino, uye inorwisa hutachiona.
- Muromo wakaoma (kushaya mate) hachisi chinhu chekurerutsa. Zvinogona kukonzera kuora kwezino nezvimwe zvirwere zvemuromo.
- Kubuda mate zvakanyanya (kudonha mate) kunogona kukonzera zvimwe zvirwere kana mishonga.
- Kana uine dambudziko remate kwenguva refu (muromo wakaoma, mate akawandisa, mate akakora), iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
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