Unonzwawo kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mumakumbo ako, kunyanya kana uchifamba chinhambwe chipfupi here? Kurwadziwa kunopera here kana ukagara kwenguva yakati wozofambazve? Kana kuti unonzwa kusanzwa zvakanaka mumakumbo ako, kutonhora mumakumbo ako, kana kunzwa kuti kunyange ronda diki rinotora nguva yakareba kuti rirapwe? Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zviratidzo zvekuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa dzemuviri wako, kunyanya mutsinga dzinotakura ropa kuenda kumakumbo ako. Nhasi, tichataura nezvemhinduro inoshandura hupenyu muzviitiko zvakadaro, kuvhiyiwa kwe 'bypass'.
Kutanga, ngationei kuti chirwere chetsinga dzeropa chii.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iri idambudziko nehurongwa hwemitsipa yeropa mumuviri wedu. Muviri wedu une network yemitsipa inotakura ropa kumakona ese. Kungofanana nehurongwa hwepombi hunounza mvura mumba medu. Kune mhando mbiri dzemitsipa. Mitsipa inotakura ropa rakachena (rine oxygen nezvinovaka muviri) kubva kumoyo kuenda kumuviri wese inonzi arteries . Mitsipa inotakura ropa risina kuchena kubva mumuviri kudzokera kumoyo inonzi arteries .
Muchirwere chinonzi 'Vascular Disease', zvinhu zvakaita semafuta necholesterol zvinoungana mukati memadziro etsinga idzi, sengura inoungana mupombi yemvura, uye kuyerera kweropa kunodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Mukurapa, tinozvidaidza kuti 'Peripheral Artery Disease' (PAD) . Kana kuyerera kweropa kukadzikira seizvi, nhengo dziri kure nemoyo, kunyanya makumbo, hadziwani oxygen nezvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa. Ndosaka zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa uye kusanzwa kuoneka pakufamba.
Fungidzira, chii chingaitika kana mumwe munhu akatsika papombi inodiridza miti iri mubindu rako? Mvura inobuda pamucheto wepombi yaizoderera, handiti? Ndizvo zvinoitikawo kutsinga dzeropa dziri mumakumbo edu.
Saka chii chinonzi kuvhiyiwa kwe bypass?
Zvakanaka, ikozvino wava kunzwisisa kuti chii chinonzi tsinga yakavharika. 'Bypass' zvinoreva kugadzira imwe nzira yetsinga iyi yakavharika.
Fungidzira kuti kune motokari dzakawanda mumugwagwa weColombo-City, uye mota hadzigone kufamba. Hurumende inoitei ipapo? Vanovaka nzira itsva yekupfuura migwagwa iyoyo, handiti? Nenzira imwecheteyo, chiremba wezvekuvhiya anoshandisa tsinga itsva yeropa kana chubhu yekugadzira kuti apfuure tsinga yeropa yakavharika, zvichigadzira nzira itsva yekuti ropa riyerere pasina chipingamupinyi.
Tinodana mugwagwa uyu mutsva kuti 'graft' . 'Graft' iyi inoshandiswa se:
1. Tsinga inobva kune imwe nhengo yemuviri wako: Tsinga inonyanya kushandiswa itsinga ye saphenous, iri pasi peganda regumbo. Dzimwe nguva, tsinga iri muruoko inogona kushandiswawo. Iyi ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisa.
2. Pombi yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemaoko:Muzviitiko apo tsinga isingakwanise kusvika mumuviri wako, kunyanya kana tsinga yeropa inofanira kudziviswa yakakura kwazvo (semuenzaniso, aorta iri mudumbu mako), chubhu yekugadzira yakaita seiyi inoshandiswa.
Chinangwa chikuru chekuvhiyiwa uku ndechekudzorera ropa kumakumbo, kuderedza marwadzo, kuporesa maronda, uye, kana zvanyanya kuipa, kukudzivirira kubva panjodzi yekuchekwa chiuno.
Ndedzipi mhando huru dzekuvhiyiwa kwe bypass?
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvhiya kwe bypass. Idzi dzinopihwa mazita zvichienderana nenzvimbo yakabatana tsinga yeropa yakavharika netsinga itsva. Ngatitarisei dzimwe dzemhando dzinonyanya kuitwa munyika medu.
| Rudzi rwekuvhiyiwa | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinoitika? |
|---|---|
| Kupfuura neAortobifemoral Bypass | Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzira nzira itsva kubva pachikamu chezasi cheaorta mudumbu kuenda kutsinga mbiri huru dzinotakura ropa kuenda kumakumbo (tsinga dzefemoral). Chimiro chetsvimbo iyi chakaita se'Y' yakasimudzwa. |
| Kupfuura neFemoral-Popliteal Bypass (Fem-Pop) | Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa nzira yekubvisa tsinga dzemudumbu kubva patsinga dzemudumbu dziri mudumbu kuenda kutsinga dzemudumbu dziri pamusoro kana pasi pebvi. Uku ndiko kuvhiyiwa kunowanzoitwa patsinga dzemumakumbo dzakavharika. |
| Kupfuura neFemoral-Tibial Bypass | Muizvi, nzira itsva inogadzirwa kubva mutsinga yeropa kuenda kutsinga dzemutiba, dziri pasi pebvi. Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa kana kuvharika kuri pasi zvakanyanya. |
Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinofanira kuitwa usati wavhiyiwa?
Ehe, zvechokwadi. Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka asati aronga kuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvichamubatsira kuona kuti tsinga yeropa yakavharika kupi uye yakawanda sei.
- Index yeAnkle-Brachial (ABI):Iyi bvunzo iri nyore kwazvo. Vanoyera BP yako mugumbo rako neparuoko (brachial) voenzanisa zviyero zviviri izvi. Kana BP iri mugumbo rako iri pasi zvakanyanya pane BP iri muruoko rwako, zvinoreva kuti pane chimwe chinhu chinotadzisa kufamba kweropa mugumbo rako.
- Kuongororwa kwetsinga dzeropa: Uku kuongorora kusingarwadzi, kwakafanana nekuongororwa kwakaitwa kana wava nemwana. Kunogona kuona zvakajeka kuti ropa riri kufamba sei mutsinga dzeropa, kana paine mabundu eropa, uye kuti akavharwa kupi.
- Mimwe miedzo: Dzimwe nguva chiremba wako anogonawo kusarudza kuongorora mamiriro emwoyo wako. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vanhu vazhinji vane matambudziko netsinga dzeropa mumakumbo avo vanogonawo kuva nematambudziko netsinga dzeropa mumoyo yavo.
Chii chinoitika pazuva rekuvhiyiwa?
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitirwa muchipatara, muimba yekuvhiyiwa. Hapana chekutya. Vanachiremba nevashandi vekuchengeta varwere vachakutarisira zvakanaka.
1. Anesthesia: Kutanga, chiremba weanesthesia achakuongorora uye achakupa mishonga inodiwa kuti urambe wakarara hope dzakadzika panguva yese yekuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvinonzi 'General Anesthesia' .
2. Kuvhiyiwa: Kana warara, chiremba anocheka ganda rako kakati wandei kuti asvike mutsinga dzeropa dziri kutaurwa nezvadzo. Nzvimbo nehukuru hwekucheka uku zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekupwanya kwauri kuita.
3. Kubatanidza nzira yekubvisa tsvina: Tevere, chiremba anotora 'graft' yakasarudzwa (ingave tsinga yako kana chubhu yekugadzira) oibatanidza netsinga ine hutano iri pamusoro nepasi pekuvhara achishandisa mastichi akatetepa.
4. Kuvhara machekwa: Mushure mekunge nzira itsva yagadzirwa, kuyerera kweropa kunoongororwa uye machekwa anoitwa paganda anovharwa zvakare nekusona.
Maitiro ese aya anogona kutora chero nguva kubva pamaawa maviri kusvika matanhatu , zvichienderana nekuoma kwekushandiswa kwenzira yekuvhiya kwauri kuita.
Pane njodzi dziripo pakuvhiyiwa uku here?
Sekunge kune chero kuvhiyiwa kupi zvako, kune njodzi nematambudziko anogona kuitika. Zvisinei, njodzi idzi dzinogona kuderedzwa nekutarisirwa kwechikwata chevanachiremba vane hunyanzvi. Njodzi yematambudziko yakakwira zvishoma, kunyanya kune vanhu vane zvirwere zvakaita sechirwere chemwoyo, chirwere cheitsvo, uye/kana chirwere cheshuga.
| Matambudziko makuru anogona kuitika | |
|---|---|
| Kusashanda zvakanaka kwekubatanidza zvinhu (bypass graft) | Maronda eropa anogona kuumbwa mukati memugwagwa mutsva wakavakwa uye obva abatwa zvakare. |
| Kubuda ropa kubva pamaronda | Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, masitichi anogona kubuda ropa. |
| Utachiona | Utachiona hunogona kupinda mumavanga kana ma graft achangobva kuiswa. |
| Kukuvara kwetsinga | Panogona kunge paine kusanzwa kana kushaya simba pagumbo. |
| Mamwe matambudziko | Zvirwere zvakaita sechirwere chemwoyo kana pneumonia. |
Chii chinoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa? Nguva yekupora inomira sei?
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uchafanira kugara muchipatara kwemazuva mashoma. Munguva iyi:
- Uchapihwa mishonga inoderedza marwadzo.
- Mishonga inorwisa ropa kuti risaungane ichapihwa kudzivirira kuungana kweropa muchikamu chitsva chemasero.
- Vashandi vekuchengeta varwere vachachenesa uye vachatarisira maronda ako zvakanaka.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kumuka pamubhedha wotanga kufamba nekukurumidza. Izvi zvingava zvakaoma pakutanga, asi zvakakosha kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma, sezvakarayirwa nachiremba wako uye nyanzvi yezvekurovedza muviri. Izvi zvichavandudza kutenderera kweropa uye zvichakubatsira kuti upore nekukurumidza.
Kunyangwe mushure mekunge wadzokera kumba, uchafanira kudzokera zvishoma nezvishoma kumabasa ako enguva dzose. Ungafanira kurega kusimudza zvinorema uye kuita mabasa anorema kwenguva yakati.
Kuvhiyiwa uku kwakagadzirisa 'traffic' mutsinga dzeropa. Asi, musakanganwa, chikonzero chikuru chechirwere ichi (Peripheral Artery Disease - PAD) chichiri mumuviri wenyu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti uyu mukana wenyu wechipiri.
Kuti chibage chirambe chine hutano kwenguva yakareba, uchafanira kuchinja mararamiro ako.
- Kana uchisvuta, rega nhasi: Kusvuta ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekukundikana kwekushandisa graft.
- Dzivisa chirwere cheshuga, BP, uye cholesterol: Inwa mishonga yawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako nenguva.
- Idya chikafu chine hutano: deredza mafuta, munyu, uye shuga. Idya miriwo yakawanda, michero, uye miriwo.
- Kurovedza muviri sekurairwa nachiremba wako: Kunyangwe kurovedza muviri kuri nyore sekufamba zuva nezuva kunobatsira zvikuru.
- Endai kumakiriniki nenguva: Sanganai nachiremba wenyu uye garai muchitarisa mamiriro echigadzirwa chacho.
Ndinofanira kuona chiremba zvakare rini?
Kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera mushure mekuvhiyiwa, fonera chiremba wako nekukasika.
| Kana ukaona shanduko yakaita seiyi pagumbo rako... | |
|---|---|
| - Marwadzo asingatsungiririki | - Makumbo anotonhora, akachenuruka, kana kuti ebhuruu |
| - Kushaya kunzwa kana kurasikirwa nemanzwiro | - Kana maronda emakumbo akawedzera kana kuti maronda matsva akabuda |
| Kana paine mamwe matambudziko... | |
| - Kupindwa nechando | - Kusvotwa nekurutsa |
| - Kutsvuka uye kudziya kwakakomberedza mavanga | - Mvura yakaita semapundu iri kubuda mumaronda |
Kana ukanzwa kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kamwe kamwe, kuoma kufema, kana kurwadziwa kwemakumbo kamwe kamwe, kwakakomba pamwe chete nechando, makumbo akachenuruka, enda kuEmergency Department (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo nekukasika.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuvhiyiwa kweVascular Bypass inzira inoponesa hupenyu iyo inodzivisa tsinga yeropa yakavharika uye inogadzira nzira itsva yekuyerera kweropa.
- Izvi zvinogona kuderedza marwadzo egumbo uye kukudzivirira kubva panjodzi yekuchekwa gumbo.
- Kuti kuvhiyiwa uku kubudirire, zvakakosha kuti uchinje mararamiro ako mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kunyanya, unofanira kurega kusvuta zvachose.
- Chengetedza chirwere cheshuga, BP, uye cholesterol zviri pasi pesimba rako.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa, usavhunduka uye zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
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