Ngaba wakha watsha? Makhe sithethe ngokutsha namhlanje!

Hayi bo, ngamanye amaxesha sitsha ndaweni ithile emizimbeni yethu, nokuba yimpazamo encinci okanye singacinganga ngayo? Xa sipheka ekhitshini, ngelixa si-ayina, ngamanye amaxesha ngelixa abantwana abancinci bedlala... Nangona oku kutsha kubonakala ngathi yinto encinci, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi ngaphezu kokuba sicinga. Izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela ziyabandezeleka koku kutsha, kwaye abanye bade bafe. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngoku kutsha, indlela yokuzikhusela kuko, kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba utsha.

Zithini ezi zinto zitshileyo? Ngamafutshane...

Ukutsha, ngokufutshane, kukonakalisa izicwili zomzimba wethu (ingakumbi ulusu) yinto ethile - edla ngokuba yinto eshushu. Ubukhali bokutsha bumiselwa bubunzulu bomonakalo owungena eluswini kunye nobukhulu bendawo yomzimba ewugubungelayo .

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zokutsha? Makhe sijonge.

Ewe, zininzi iindlela ezinokwenzeka ngazo ukutsha. Singathetha kakhulu ngeentlobo ezintlanu:

• Ukutsha ngobushushu: Ezi zezona zixhaphakileyo. Zibangelwa kukonakala kweeseli zethu ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo (umz. umlilo, amanzi ashushu, isinyithi esishushu) okanye ngamanye amaxesha kubanda kakhulu (umz. umkhenkce owomileyo).
• Ukutsha ngombane: Olu hlobo lokutsha lunokubangelwa kukutsha ngombane. Njengoko umbane udlula emzimbeni, wonakalisa iiseli kwaye uvelise ubushushu, obunokubangela ukutsha ngobushushu. Oku kuyingozi kuba kunokubangela umonakalo wangaphakathi.
• Ukutsha kwe-friction: Oku kutsha kubangelwa bubushushu obuveliswa yinto ekhuhlana emzimbeni wethu ngokukhawuleza (friction). Cinga ngomntwana ozirhuqa phantsi ngelixa edlala aze akrwele ulusu lwakhe, okanye ukuba ukhuhlana ngelaphu elirhabaxa ngokukhawuleza. Rhoqo, olu hlobo lokutsha luhamba nezinye iingozi.
• Ukutsha ngemitha: Oku kutsha kubangelwa kukonakala kweeseli okubangelwa kukuvezwa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemitha (umz., imisebe ye-ultraviolet evela elangeni, unyango lwemitha yomhlaza).
• Ukutsha kweekhemikhali: Xa iikhemikhali ezinobungozi (umz. ii-asidi, ii-bases, ezinye izinto zokucoca) zidibana nomzimba, zisabela kwiiseli zethu zize zizitshabalalise. Oku kukwabangela ukutsha.

Ulinganisa njani ubunzulu bokutsha? (inqanaba lokutsha)

Xa kufikwa ekuchongeni ubunzulu bokutsha, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kungene nzulu kangakanani eluswini. Nangona bekukho inkqubo yokwahlulahlula ebizwa ngokuba yi-"first-degree" kunye ne-"second-degree," oogqirha ngoku basebenzisa inkqubo eyahlukileyo kancinci. Masiyihlalutye ngokulula:

• Ukutsha okungaphezulu: Oku kufana nokutsha okungaphezulu okukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Apha, kuphela umaleko ophezulu wolusu, obizwa ngokuba yi-epidermis, owonakeleyo. Oku kudla ngokuba kukutsha okuncinci okunokunyangeka ekhaya. Ulusu luba bomvu kwaye lube buhlungu kancinci.
• Ukutsha okuncinci: Oku kufana nokutsha okuncinci okukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Apha, zombini iileya eziphezulu zolusu, i-epidermis, kunye ne-dermis engaphantsi, zonakele. Zinokudumba, zitshintshe umbala wolusu, zibonakale zahlukile kubomvu, kwaye zinokuba buhlungu kakhulu.
• Ukutsha okujiyileyo: Oku kufana nokutsha okujiyileyo okukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Apha, zonke iileya zolusu zonakele, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwanezicubu ezinamafutha ezingaphantsi. Okumangalisayo kukuba, ekutshisweni okunzulu kangaka, iziphelo zemithambo-luvo ziyatshatyalaliswa, ngoko ke intlungu ayivakali. Nangona kunjalo, indawo ejikelezileyo inokuba buhlungu.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukutsha kunokungena nzulu ngakumbi, konakalisa izinto ezifana nezicubu, imithambo-luvo, kunye namathambo. Abanye abantu bathi oku kutsha kwenqanaba lesine, kodwa akuqhelekanga kangako.

Zithini iimpawu zokutsha?

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokutsha zezi:

• Intlungu: Akunakuphikiswa ukuba ukutsha kuyabuhlungu. Ingakumbi xa kutsha iindawo ezibuthathaka njengezandla nobuso, intlungu iba qatha ngakumbi. Kodwa njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukutsha okuxineneyo akubuhlungu, kodwa iindawo ezikufutshane nazo zinokuba buhlungu.
• Utshintsho kwinkangeleko okanye ubume besikhumba: Kwizitshiso ezingacacanga, ulusu lunokubonakala ngathi luyaxobuka. Kwizitshiso ezibutyebe obuncinci, kunokubakho amadyungudyungu. Kwizitshiso ezinzulu nezinzima, ulusu lunokuziva luqinile kwaye lufana nesikhumba.
• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Ukutsha okungaphezulu kuya kubangela ukuba ulusu lube bomvu (ukuba unesikhumba esimnyama, kusenokuthatha umbala obomvu). Ukutsha okuncinci kuya kubangela amadyungudyungu. Ukutsha okubanzi kuya kubangela ukuba ulusu lube mnyama okanye lube ngwevu. Ulusu lusenokutshintsha umbala xa ukutsha kuphola.

Yintoni enokubangela ukutsha?

Zininzi izizathu zokuba ungatsha. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo:

• Ukuchukumisa into eshushu kakhulu okanye ebanda kakhulu, njengesitovu esishushu, i-ayini, okanye `umkhenkce owomileyo`.
• Ukuchanabeka emoyeni oshushu kakhulu ovela emlilweni okanye kwisixhobo sokomisa iinwele nako kunokubangela iqabaka.
• Ukuchitha amanzi abilayo, ioyile, okanye ulwelo olubandayo kakhulu olufana ne-nitrogen engamanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukutshayiswa ngumbane ngenxa yezinto ezifana neentambo zombane ezaphukileyo, iipali zombane, iibhetri zemoto, kunye nokubetha kombane.
• Ukurhawuzelela kwendlela kubangelwa kukuwela kwindawo erhabaxa, njengendlela yetha.
• Ukukhuhla iimpahla kunye namalaphu arhabaxa afana neekhaphethi ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye/okanye ixesha elide kakhulu.
• Ukuhlala elangeni ixesha elide kakhulu ngaphandle kokukhuselwa ngokufanelekileyo (ukutsha lilanga).
• Ukufumana unyango olufana nonyango lwemitha.
• Ukudibana nezinto ezifana neemveliso zokucoca kunye neekhemikhali zokwakha.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokutsha?

Ukutsha akusiyonto nje ephilisayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokutsha okuncinci kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezisongela ubomi. Ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Iintsholongwane: Xa utsha, ulusu lwakho luphelelwa ngamandla okuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane. Yiyo loo nto amanxeba okutsha anokosulelwa lula. Le yinto ekufuneka uyilumkele kakhulu.
• Amanxeba: Ukutsha okunzulu akupholi lula, kwaye izicubu ezibuhlungu zinokwakheka endaweni yesikhumba esiqhelekileyo.
• Ukudumba (Ukudumba): Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu abatshileyo badumbe (hayi amadyungudyungu). Xa kutshiswe kakhulu, ukudumba kunokwenzeka kwiindawo zomzimba ezikude nendawo yokutsha.

Njengoko ukutsha kusiba nzulu kwaye kusasazeka kwindawo enkulu yomzimba, iingxaki ezinzulu zinokwenzeka. Umzekelo:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokothuka ngenxa yokulahleka kolwelo kunye negazi emzimbeni.
• Ukudumba kunokuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -'compartment syndrome' .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngenxa yokutsha okanye ezinye iingxaki.
• Ulusu olonakeleyo lunokubangela i-hypothermia (ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi) kuba umzimba awukwazi ukulawula ubushushu bawo.
• Izicubu ezonakeleyo kwizitho ezifana nezintso nesibindi zinokubangela umonakalo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezitho zomzimba.
• Iingxaki zokugaya ukutya kunye nemetabolism.
• I-Sepsis , impendulo enzima nesongela ubomi kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, iyenzeka ngenxa yokusasazeka kosulelo.
• Amahlwili egazi, umzekelo `Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)` .

Khumbula, iingxaki onokuzifumana zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluthe kratya ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho ethile.

Ugqirha ufumanisa njani ukuba kukho ukutsha?

Ugqirha uza kuxilonga ukutsha ngokujonga inxeba aze akubuze ukuba kwenzeke ntoni. Ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha, ungacela uncedo lokuqala okanye abanye abantu ababelapho ukuba bakunike ulwazi.

Nangona iimvavanyo zelebhu kunye novavanyo lwemifanekiso zingenakukwazi ukufumanisa ukutsha, zinokunceda ekuchongeni iingxaki ngaphambi kokuba zibe nzima. Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo, ngakumbi, lunokujonga umonakalo wamalungu omzimba kunye nosulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha ii-CT scans kunye nee-MRIs zinokujonga umonakalo kwizicubu ezinzulu, kodwa azisoloko zifuneka.

Unganyanga njani ukutsha? Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo!

Indlela onyanga ngayo ukutsha ixhomekeke ekubeni kunzulu kangakanani kwaye kugubungela umzimba wakho kangakanani. Unganyanga ukutsha okuncinci okungabonakaliyo ekhaya. Xa unyanga ukutsha okanye ugqiba ekubeni ufuna uncedo lwezonyango, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza nongamele uzenze!

Izinto onokuzenza (nezingafanelanga ukuzenza!) ekhaya

Izinto zokwenza:

• Wakuba utshile, susa unobangela ngoko nangoko (umz., susa impahla etshisiweyo ngamanzi ashushu ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuya kuthintela ukutsha ukuba kube kubi ngakumbi).
• Faka amanzi abandayo (hayi amanzi omkhenkce, kodwa amanzi alula empompini) kwindawo etshileyo. (Oku kusenokungasebenzi kwezinye iikhemikhali ezitshileyo, ngoko ke lumka.) Kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi malunga nemizuzu eli-10-20.
• Gcina indawo etshileyo icocekile kwaye igqunyiwe kangangoko.
• Ukuba utsha kancinci kakhulu kunesandla sakho, okanye naluphi na utsha olupheleleyo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ufune uncedo lwezonyango.

Izinto ekungamele zenziwe:

• Ungaze ufake izinto zasekhaya ezifana ne-bleach, ibhotolo, okanye i-toothpaste kuyo nayiphi na into yokutsha. Ezi zinto zingenza imeko ibe mandundu.
• Musa ukuthambisa okanye ukhilimu kwindawo yokutsha ocinga ukuba inokuba nkulu okanye ityebile ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Musa ukubeka umkhenkce kwiindawo ezitshileyo. Oku kungenza ukutsha kube kubi ngakumbi.
• Musa ukuqhumisa amadyungudyungu aphuma kwiindawo ezitshileyo. Ukwenza njalo kwandisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka.

Ukuba uneentlungu, ungathatha isithomalalisi sentlungu esingathengiswa ngugqirha esifana ne-'Paracetamol' (umz. iTylenol®) okanye i-'Ibuprofen' (umz. i-Advil® okanye i-Motrin®). Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokuthatha ezi zinto, buza ugqirha.

Unyango lobuchwephesha lokutsha okukhulu nokubi kakhulu

Ukutsha okuncinci okungaphezulu kwesandla sakho kuhlala kufuna unyango lobuchwephesha. Ngokufanayo, ukutsha okuncinci okubanzi kufuna unyango lobuchwephesha.

Unyango lomsebenzi lungabandakanya:

• Ulawulo lweentlungu: Ezi zinokuqala kumayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha ukuya kumayeza okanye unyango olufana nokuthintela iintlungu.
• Ukucoca amanxeba kunye 'nokususa izicubu ezonakeleyo': Oku kuquka ukususa ukungcola, izicwili ezifileyo okanye ezifayo enxebeni.
• Ukugquma/Ukukhusela Inxeba: Iibhandishi zikhusela okwethutyana ukutsha kukungcola nakwiintsholongwane.
• Utyando: Utyando lunokunceda ukuphilisa ukutsha nokunciphisa amanxeba.
• Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba: Oku kungasetyenziswa njengesakhelo esenziwe kwangaphambili sezicubu zethu, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa izinga lokuphiliswa.
• Ukhathalelo lwenxeba:Ukutsha kungadinga ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo ukuze kuphole kakuhle. Oku kungabandakanya ukususwa kwesikhumba, unyango lwe-hyperbaric oxygen, kunye nolawulo lwee-dressings.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi kunokukunceda uphile emva kokwenzakala okukhulu emzimbeni okubangelwa kukutsha.
• Ukhathalelo lwempilo yengqondo: Olu nyango lunokunceda kwizinto ezifana nokuxhalaba, ukudakumba, okanye i-Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) enokwenzeka emva kwesiganeko esifana nesi.

Unyango oluchanekileyo olukulungeleyo lunokwahluka. Ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluhambelana nemeko yakho, izinto ozikhethayo kunye neemfuno zakho.

Ngaba ukutsha akunakuthintelwa?

Ewe, unako! Iingcali zithi malunga ne-90% yokutsha kunokuthintelwa. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo onokuzenza ukuthintela ukutsha:

• Fundisa abantwana ngomlilo nombane, kwaye ubajonge ngononophelo. Fundisa abantwana abancinci ukuba bangadlali ngomlilo okanye ngombane. Kwakhona, ungaze ubashiye bodwa abantwana kufutshane nezinto ezinokutsha.
• Nciphisa umngcipheko wokutsha kwezinto ezishushu. Sebenzisa iikomityi zokuhamba. Musa ukushiya iikomityi okanye izitya zinolwelo olushushu etafileni okanye kwiikhawuntara. Beka isifudumezi sakho samanzi kwi-49 degrees Celsius (120 degrees Fahrenheit). Vavanya ubushushu bamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe abantwana abancinci, kwaye ungavumeli abantwana abancinci bahlambe bodwa.
• Pheka ngokukhuselekileyo. Sebenzisa izinto zokhuseleko ezifana neemitthi ze-oven kwaye uphephe ukuchukumisa izinto ezifana neetawuli. Qinisekisa ukuba isitovu kunye ne-oven zivaliwe xa ugqibile ukupheka. Jika izibambo zeembiza kude nawe ukuze abantwana abancinci bangazichukumisi okanye bazibambe kwiimpahla zakho. Gcina abantwana abancinci kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya kude nekhitshi ngelixa upheka.
• Susa izixhobo zokufudumeza xa zingasetyenziswa. Umzekelo, ii-curling irons, ii-hair straighteners, kunye nee-ayina.
• Lumka xa usebenzisa umbane. Musa ukugqithisa kakhulu iintambo zombane okanye iindawo zokukhupha umbane. Gcina iindawo zokufaka umbane zigqunyiwe ukuze abantwana abancinci bangangeni endleleni. Musa ukubeka izixhobo zombane kufutshane namanzi (izinki, izindlu zangasese, iishawa). Musa ukusebenzisa izixhobo, iintambo, okanye iintambo zombane ezineentambo eziphumayo.
• Sebenzisa isithambisi selanga. Khetha imveliso ene-SPF engama-50 ubuncinane, uze uphinde uyifake ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini.

Ungalindela ntoni xa utsha? (Ixesha lokuphiliswa)

Oko ungakulindela xa utshile kuxhomekeke ekubeni kukhulu kangakanani kwaye kungakanani.

• Ukutsha okungaphandle kwesikhumba kudla ngokuphola ngaphandle kokwenzakala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ukutsha okuncinci kungathatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuphola. Ukutsha okuncinci kudla ngokuba yinto engabonakaliyo kwaye kuyaphela ngokuhamba kwexesha, ingakumbi xa kutsha okuncinci.
• Ukutsha okujiyileyo kuthatha iiveki ezingaphezu kwezintathu ukuphola. Ngenxa yokuba kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphola, kunokubangela amanxeba anzima ukuba anganyangwa kakuhle. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango rhoqo.

Zininzi nezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela into omawuyilindele xa utsha kwaye kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze uphile. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela okungakumbi ngemeko yakho ethile.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ixesha lokufumana ingcebiso yezonyango:

Funa ingcebiso kagqirha kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba ukutsha akuphucuki emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba kubonakala ngathi kuya kusiba mandundu.
• Ukuba iintlungu azipheli nasemva kokuthatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu anjenge-'Paracetamol' okanye i-'Ibuprofen'.
• Ukuba intlungu ivakala imbi kakhulu kunokutsha.

Xa kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko:

Kwimeko enjalo , fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane:

• Ukuba unetshiso elincinane okanye elibanzi elijikeleze amehlo, iindlebe, ubuso, izandla, iinyawo, okanye indawo yangasese.
• Ukuba kukho ulwelo oluphuma ekutshisweni, okanye ukuba kukho ivumba elibi.
• Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukudumba okujikeleze ukutsha, isiyezi, okanye ulusu olujikeleze ukutsha luvakala lufudumele xa uluchukumisa.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ukutsha kwam kuphole?
• Ngaba ukutsha kwam kuya kufuna unyango olongezelelweyo?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunceda ukutsha kwam kuphole?
• Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ndiziphephe?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka nditsalele umnxeba eofisini okanye ndiye esibhedlele?

Umyalezo wokugqibela oya ekhaya

Mhlawumbi utyibilike ngelixa uchukumisa into eshushu ekhitshini, okanye uchithe iti eshushu emzimbeni wakho. Ukutsha ngamava abuhlungu kwaye angathandekiyo. Kodwa zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzincede uphile.

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza xa kufikwa kukutshisa kukunciphisa iingxaki ezinokuvela kuko. Oko kuthetha ukuba, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha xa utsha kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, ungaphola ngokukhawuleza, ufunde kula mava, kwaye uthintele ukuba iziganeko ezifanayo zingabikho kwixesha elizayo. Ukhuseleko lwakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

Ukutsha , ukutsha, uncedo lokuqala, iingxaki zesikhumba, iingozi, ukhathalelo lolusu, ukhuseleko lomntwana