Ngaba uneempawu zokuzalwa? (Iimpawu zokuzalwa) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ibala elincinci okanye ukujika kombala eluswini lwakho, okanye eluswini lomntwana wakho omncinci? Ezi zihlala zibizwa ngokuba 'ziimpawu zokuzalwa'. Ziqhelekile kakhulu, kwaye ziza ngazo zonke iimo kunye nobukhulu. Njengoko igama lisitsho, zihlala zikhona xa uzalwa. Ezinye ziyaphela xa ukhula, ngelixa ezinye zinokuhlala ubomi bakho bonke, ude ugqibe ekubeni uzisuse.

Ngaba iimpawu zokuzalwa ziyingozi? Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke?

Kulungile, ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba ezi mpawu zokuzalwa ziyingozi okanye kufuneka ukhathazeke ngazo. Uninzi lweempawu zokuzalwa azinabungozi kwaye azibangeli ntlungu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iintlobo zeempawu zokuzalwa, umzekelo, ezinye iintlobo zeentsumpa (i-congenital nevi), ezinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha zonyuse umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wolusu. Ngoko ke ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwimpawu zakho zokuzalwa – njengokuba zikhula okanye zitshintsha umbala – kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeempawu zokuzalwa?

Ngamafutshane, ii-birthmarks zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Zezi:

• Iimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi : Ezi zenziwe ngemithambo yegazi. Ezi ndawo zenzeka xa imithambo yegazi ingakheki kakuhle ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Zikwabizwa ngokuba 'ziimpawu zokuzalwa ezibomvu' kuba umbala wendawo uvela kwimithambo yegazi eluswini. Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinokubakho xa umntwana ezalwa, okanye zinokuvela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa.
• Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala: Ezi zenziwa kukudibana kweeseli zemibala (iiseli ze-melanocyte). Ezi seli zezona zinika ulusu lwethu umbala walo. Ngoko ke umbala wezi mpawu zokuzalwa wahlukile kolunye ulusu lwakho. Zingaba mdaka, zimnyama, okanye zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngoku, masithethe ngezi ntlobo zimbini ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe?

Iimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi

Kulungile, masiqale sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi. Zikwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zazo.

• I-Strawberry hemangiomas : Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-nevus vascularis, i-capillary hemangioma, okanye i-hemangioma simplex. Zinokuvela naphi na emzimbeni, kodwa zixhaphake kakhulu ebusweni, entlokweni, emqolo, okanye esifubeni. Zenziwe ngemithambo yegazi emincinci, edibeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha azibonakali xa zizalwa kwaye zinokuvela emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Zihlala zikhula ngokukhawuleza, zihlale zilingana okwethutyana, zize ziphele. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-strawberry hemangiomas iyaphela xa umntwana eneminyaka eli-9 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ulusu apho i-mole yayikhona lusenokuba lutshintshe umbala okanye lube nemibimbi kancinci.

• Ii-hemangiomas zeCavernous: Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Angioma cavernosum)` okanye `(Cavernoma)`. Ezi zifana ne-strawberry hemangiomas, kodwa zingena nzulu kancinci phantsi kolusu. Zinokufana nesiponji esibomvu-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iqhekeza lezicubu ezizele ligazi. Ezinye zezi ntlobo zamabala ziya kunyamalala zodwa, ngesiqhelo xa umntwana wakho emdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba aqale isikolo.

• I-Port-wine stain : Ezi ziimpawu zokuzalwa ezithe tyaba, ezimfusa-bomvu. Zibangelwa zii-capillaries zegazi ezivulekileyo eluswini. Zihlala zibonakala ebusweni kwaye zingaba nobukhulu balo naluphi na. Iimpawu ze-Port-wine zihlala zihleli ukuba azinyangwa. Zinokuba mnyama kwaye ziqine ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko ke ukuba zibonakala emzimbeni, ingakumbi ebusweni, abanye abantu banokuziva bexhalabile ngenkangeleko yabo.

• Amabala eSalmon : La akwabizwa ngokuba yi-'stork bites' okanye 'i-angel kiss birthmarks'. Kuthiwa ayenzeka kwi-30% ukuya kwi-50% yeentsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa. Ezi zimithambo yegazi emincinci (ii-capillaries) ebonakala ngesikhumba somntwana. Abonakala kakhulu ebunzini, ngaphezulu kweenkophe, emlonyeni ophezulu, phakathi kwamashiya, nangasemva kwentamo. La mabala ayaphela kancinci kancinci njengoko umntwana ekhula.

Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala

Ngoku makhe sijonge ii-birthmarks ezibangelwa zii-pigment cells (`(ii-Melanocyte cells)`). Nazo zahlukile.

• I-dermal melanocytosis : Ezi ngaphambili zazibizwa ngokuba 'ziindawo zaseMongolia'. Ezi zihlala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye zibukeka njengeemivimbo. Zihlala zibonakala ezimpundu nasezantsi komqolo. Nangona kunjalo, zinokubonakala nakwisinqe esiphakathi okanye ezingalweni. Ezi azinakukhathazeka ngazo, kwaye zihlala ziphela njengoko umntwana ekhula.

• I-nevi enemibala (ii-moles) : Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba zii-moles. Zibukeka njengeziqwenga eziphakanyisiweyo eluswini. Zinokuba nombala ofanayo nolusu lwakho, okanye zinokuba mdaka okanye zimnyama. Ii-moles zinokuvela naphi na emzimbeni, nokuba zodwa okanye ngamaqela.

• I-Congenital nevi : Ezi ziintsumpa ezibakho xa kuzalwa. Kuthiwa umntu omnye kwabayi-100 une-birthmarks enye okanye ngaphezulu xa kuzalwa. Ezi ntsumpas, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bazo, zinomngcipheko omncinci wokuba nomhlaza wolusu. I-Congenital nevi enkulu kuneesentimitha ezingama-20 inomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza wolusu kunezincinci. Ke ngoko, zonke iintsumpas ezizalwa nazo kufuneka zihlolwe ngugqirha. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho (umbala, ubungakanani, imo) kwezi ntsumpas, ugqirha kufuneka aziswe.

• Amabala eCafé-au-lait: La ngamabala amdaka ngokukhanya, afana nombala wekofu. Ahlala emi okweqanda. Angaba khona xa ezalwa, okanye angabonakala kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala yobomi bomntwana. Ukuba nendawo enye yeCafé-au-lait akuyonto ibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unamabala amaninzi amakhulu kunobukhulu bengqekembe, kunokuba luphawu lwesifo esingaphantsi, esifana ne-neurofibromatosis. Ngoko ke licebo elihle ukubona ugqirha ukuba ubona nayiphi na kwezi.

Ngaba wonke umntu uneempawu zokuzalwa?

Ucinga ukuba wonke umntu uneempawu zokuzalwa? Iimpawu zokuzalwa zixhaphake kakhulu, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onazo. Ngokwezibalo, malunga ne-10% yeentsana ezizalwa kwihlabathi liphela zineempawu ezithile zokuzalwa ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Hemangioma".

Iimpawu zokuzalwa zibonakala njani?

Iimpawu zokuzalwa zibonakala zahlukile kumntu wonke. Ubungakanani, imilo, umbala - zonke ezi zinto zinokwahluka. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zophawu lokuzalwa:

• Indawo elukhumbeni lwakho enokuba ithe tyaba okanye iphakame kancinci.
• Eli candelo linokwahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka kwincam yephini ukuya kubukhulu benqindi yakho.
• Umbala we-mole wahlukile kumbala wesikhumba esijikelezileyo (pinki, obomvu, omfusa, omdaka okhanyayo, omdaka omnyama, okanye omnyama).

Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala zinokukhula zibe nkulu kwaye zitshintshe umbala njengoko ukhula. Olu tshintsho lunokuphawuleka ngakumbi xa ubekwe elangeni okanye ngamaxesha otshintsho lweehomoni (njengaxa ukhulelwe okanye ufikisa). Ngamanye amaxesha zinokurhawuzelela kwaye zinokopha ukuba uzikrwela.

Yintoni ebangela ii-birthmarks?

Umbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo ngulo, 'Kutheni ezi mpawu zokuzalwa zenzeka?' Enyanisweni, unobangela ochanekileyo weempawu zokuzalwa awukafunyanwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukholelwa ukuba ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zokuzalwa zinokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nezi:

• Imithambo yegazi ayiphuhli njengoko kulindelekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa (isizathu "seempawu zokuzalwa kwemithambo yegazi").
• Iiseli zeMelanocyte (iiseli ezinika umbala wolusu) zikhula kunye zibe ngamaqela (isizathu seempawu zokuzalwa ezinombala).
• Ukuba iintlobo ezithile zeempawu zokuzalwa zifumaneka kwiintsapho, oko kusenokuba kubangelwa lufuzo.
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo zinokubangela ii-birthmarks. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-Nevus sebaceous syndrome, umhlaza wolusu, okanye i-Neurofibromatosis.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ii-birthmarks azibangelwa yinto eyenziwe okanye engenziwanga ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ziyinto yendalo.

Ngaba ii-birthmarks zingabangela iingxaki?

Ii-birthmarks azisoloko ziyingxaki enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iingxaki zinokuvela kwii-birthmarks ezinombala. Ingakumbi ukuba i-birthmark ikwindawo efana nobuso, inokuba nempembelelo engqondweni.Oku kungaba sisizathu sokuziva ukhathazekile yindlela okhangeleka ngayo kwaye ulahlekelwe kukuzithemba.

Ukongeza, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ezinye iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala zinokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wolusu. Ngoko ke ukuba ubona utshintsho kumbala, ubungakanani, okanye ukuthungwa kophawu lwakho okanye olunye uphawu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ukuba uphawu lokuzalwa lubuhlungu, luphuma igazi, luyarhawuzelela, okanye ludumbile, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Indlela yokuchonga iimpawu zokuzalwa?

Ukuchonga uphawu lokuzalwa akusoloko kuyinto enzima kugqirha. Baza kukwenza uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lolusu lwakho. Emva koko banokubona ukuba luphawu lokuzalwa kwaye loluphi uhlobo.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba i-mole inzulu kakhulu eluswini, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), i-ultrasound, okanye i-computed tomography scan ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongiwe. Ukuba i-mole yakho itshintsha ngobukhulu okanye imo, isenokuba luphawu lomhlaza wesikhumba, ngoko ke kunokufuneka kuthathwe iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba ukuze livavanywe (i-skin biopsy).

Ungayisusa njani i-birthmark?

Ukuba awonelisekanga yindlela ebukeka ngayo i-birthmark yakho kwaye ufuna ukuyisusa, ungathetha nogqirha ngayo. Ungaze uzame ukuyisusa ngokwakho i-birthmark ekhaya, kuba inokuba yingozi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ucinga ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza wolusu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kususwe ezinye iimpawu zokuzalwa.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokususa uphawu lokuzalwa:

• I-Cryotherapy : Unyango olusebenzisa umkhuhlane omkhulu.
• Ukususwa nge-laser (`(Ukususwa nge-laser)`) .
• Ukususwa ngotyando (`(Ukususwa ngotyando)`) .
• Iinaliti zeCortisone : Ezi zisetyenziselwa iintlobo ezithile.

Ugqirha uza kuhlola uphawu lwakho lokuzalwa aze akuxelele ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena. Ngokwesiqhelo, uphawu lokuzalwa ebantwaneni lunyangwa emva kokuba umntwana eneminyaka emalunga ne-6 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uphawu lokuzalwa luchaphazela ukusebenza kwamalungu abalulekileyo njengombono okanye ukuphefumla, unyango lunokwenziwa kwangethuba.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ukuba ulusu lususiwe ngotyando, kukho umngcipheko wokuba luqhekeke. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha botyando bakhathalela ngokukodwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba luqhekeke. Kukwakho nomngcipheko wokosuleleka emva kokuba ulusu lususiwe. Ukuze uphephe ezi ngozi, buza ugqirha wakho okanye omnye ugqirha malunga nendlela yokunyamekela ulusu lwakho emva konyango ngelixa luphola.

Ngaba ii-birthmarks zingathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela yokuthintela ukwakheka kweempawu zokuzalwa. Ziyinkqubo yendalo eyenzeka ixesha elininzi. Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wokuba zitshintshe umbala okanye zibe ngumhlaza wolusu ngenxa yokuvezwa lilanga. Ungakwenza oku ngokukhusela ulusu lwakho kwimitha yelanga eyingozi ye-ultraviolet. Nxiba i-sunscreen xa uphuma ngaphandle, nxiba impahla egubungela umzimba wakho, kwaye unciphise ukuvezwa kwakho elangeni ngexesha leeyure ezixakekileyo zosuku - phakathi kwe-10 kusasa kunye ne-4 emva kwemini.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba uneempawu zokuzalwa?

Uninzi lweempawu zokuzalwa azinabungozi kwaye ziyinto nje yokuzilungisa. Ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba 'ziimpawu zobuhle' kuba zongeza ukuchukumisa okukhethekileyo kwinkangeleko yakho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu zokuzalwa azidingi kunyangwa. Ii-moles ezifana nee-salmon patches kunye ne-strawberry hemangiomas ziya kunyamalala ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezinye iintlobo zeempawu zokuzalwa ziya kuhlala nawe ubomi bakho bonke ude ugqibe ekubeni uzisuse.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ii-moles ezinkulu, ingakumbi ezo zikwindawo ebonakalayo, zinokuchaphazela ukuzithemba kwakho. Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga ngenkangeleko yakho, ungenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Thetha nengcali yezempilo yengqondo malunga noko ukucingayo.
• Thetha nogqirha malunga nokususa uphawu lokuzalwa.
• Sebenzisa izimonyo ukunciphisa ukubonakala kophawu lokuzalwa.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwi-birthmark ekhoyo, okanye ukuba ubona amabala amatsha eluswini, bona ugqirha. Qaphela ngakumbi utshintsho olufana nolu:

• Ukopha (`(Ukopha)`)
• Intlungu (`(Intlungu)`)
• Ukurhawuzelela (`(Ukurhawuzelela)`)
• Iimpawu zosulelo (ezifana nokubomvu, ukudumba, ubomvu)
• Ukwanda kobungakanani (`(Ukwanda kobungakanani)`)
• Inkangeleko engaqhelekanga (umz., imiphetho engaqhelekanga, imibala eyahlukileyo ibonakala)

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Luhlobo luni lophawu lokuzalwa endinalo?"
• "Zeziphi iindlela endinazo zokususa olu phawu lokuzalwa?"
• "Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokususa uphawu lokuzalwa?"
• "Ngaba olu phawu lwam lokuzalwa luya kuziphelela?"

Khumbula ngokufutshane.

Kulungile, ke ezi zezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule kwinto esithethe ngayo.

Iimpawu zokuzalwa zizimpawu eluswini lwakho ezihlala zingenabungozi. Azibangelwa yinto eyenziwe okanye engenziwanga ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Zizinto ezibangela inkangeleko yakho ngokwemvelo. Ezinye zazo zisenokubonakala okanye zingabonakali.

Ukuba awonelisekanga yindlela ebukeka ngayo i-mole yakho, ungathetha nogqirha malunga nokuba isuswe, kwaye akukho nto yokoyika. Ezinye ii-moles ziyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye kunqabile kakhulu, ezinye zinokuguquka zibe ngumhlaza wolusu. Ke ngoko, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwi-mole yakho, kulungile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Iimpawu zokuzalwa, iithegi zesikhumba, izifo zesikhumba, ii-hemangiomas, iintsumpa, umhlaza wesikhumba, amabala omntwana