Yintoni iMetabolic Exercise Stress Test? Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-'Metabolic Exercise Stress Test'? Mhlawumbi wawusoyika okanye unomdla xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba wenze oku. Okanye mhlawumbi wawunomdla nje wokwazi ngako. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolu vavanyo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kolu vavanyo lokuxinezeleka kokuzilolonga nge-metabolic kunye novavanyo lokuxinezeleka oluqhelekileyo?

Ngamafutshane, olu luvavanyo olujonga impilo yakho ngelixa uzilolonga. Lwenziwa ngelixa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye uhamba nge-treadmill. Ugqirha okanye ingcali eqeqeshiweyo ikujongisisa ngononophelo. Ingcali yoku kukuba ijonga indlela ezisebenza kakuhle ngayo zombini intliziyo nemiphunga, kunye nendlela izihlunu zakho ezifumana ngayo ioksijini xa uzilolonga (`Cardiorespiratory Fitness` - CRF). Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi ``Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test`` (`CPET`). Kuba ``cardio'' ithetha intliziyo, kwaye ``pulmonary'' ithetha imiphunga. Ngoko ke umsebenzi wazo zombini ezi zinto ujongwa ngaxeshanye.

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kovavanyo loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo nolu?' Ngumbuzo olungileyo lowo! Uvavanyo loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lujonga nje intliziyo yakho. Uzilolonga kwaye ufumana idatha kwizinto ezifana ne-EKG. Kodwa kolu vavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-metabolic, uphefumla ngemaski yobuso ekhethekileyo okanye umlomo. Esi sixhobo silinganisa ubungakanani beoksijini kunye nekhabhoni diokside ekuphefumleni kwakho okuphumayo. Sikwalinganisa nokuba imiphunga yakho inokungenisa umoya ongakanani. Enyanisweni, yinguqulelo ephucukileyo yovavanyo loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo olunazo zonke iintsimbi kunye neempempe. Ke ngoko, ubungakanani bedatha efunyenwe koku nayo inkulu, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuqonda ngqo indlela intliziyo kunye nemiphunga ezisabela ngayo kumthambo.

Yintoni esinokuyifunda kolu vavanyo?

Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye enokufunyanwa lolu vavanyo? Khawuthelekelele ukuba uziva udiniwe nasemva komzamo omncinci, okanye uziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha. Olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ufumanise ukuba yintoni ebangela oku. Lunokukuxelela ngqo ukuba ukunganyamezelani kwakho nomthambo kubangelwa sisifo sentliziyo, isifo semiphunga, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini.

Izinto eziphambili ezilindelekileyo kolu vavanyo zezi:

• Fumana isizathu sokuba uzive uphelelwa ngumphefumlo kwaye udinwe kakhulu xa uzilolonga.
• Qinisekisa ukuba intliziyo yakho nemiphunga yakho ingakwazi ukwenza umthambo ongakanani .
• Chonga izifo zentliziyo nemiphunga.
• Vavanya ubunzulu bemeko yakho uze ufumane umbono wento eza kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo (uqikelelo).
• Jonga umngcipheko weengxaki ngaphambi kotyando olukhulu.
• Lungisa isicwangciso sakho sonyango .
• Jonga indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango lwangoku .
• Vavanya inkqubela phambili kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho lomzimba ezifana nokuvuselelwa kwentliziyo.
• Nceda udale inkqubo ekuvumela ukuba uzilolonge ngokukhuselekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo .

Uyabona, lubaluleke kangakanani olu vavanyo? Ingakumbi ukuba unesifo esifana ``Heart Failure``, olu vavanyo lwe``CPET`` lunokuchonga ukuba imeko yakho imbi kangakanani kunye nohlobo lonyango olufunekayo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba une-pacemaker okanye i-defibrillator, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyihlole ngugqirha ngaphambi kolu vavanyo . Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto ngaphambi kokuba ucwangcise uvavanyo.

Ngubani ofuna olu vavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-metabolic?

Ngoko ke, ngubani omele enze olu vavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-metabolic? Enyanisweni, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba uyaludinga okanye awuludingi. Ngokwesiqhelo, abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-10 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala bayo nayiphi na iminyaka banokwenza olu vavanyo. Oogqirha bacebisa olu vavanyo, ngakumbi ukuxilonga nokulawula ezi meko zilandelayo:

• `Isifuba`
• Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuqanda Amaphaphu (i-COPD)
• Icystic fibrosis
• `Ukusilela kwentliziyo`
• Isifo seMiphunga sangaphakathi
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• `I-Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia`
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemithambo yemiphunga (i-PAH)
• I-Sarcoidosis

Kwakhona, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe utyando olukhulu. Umzekelo:

• Utyando Lokususwa Kwemiphunga
• Utyando Lokufakelwa Kwemiphunga kunye Nokufakelwa Kwentliziyo Nemiphunga
• Utyando Lokunciphisa Umthamo Wemiphunga (LVRS)
• Olunye utyando olukhulu lwesifuba

Ngaba kukho abantu abangafanele babhale olu vavanyo?

Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu onokwenza olu vavanyo. Kukho izizathu ezithile zokuba kutheni kusenokungabi kukhuselekile ukuba ulwenze. Oogqirha bathi olu 'luchasene'. Olu vavanyo lusenokungakulungeli ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:

• Usulelo olukhawulezileyo (njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane)
• I-Acute Myocarditis okanye i-Pericarditis (ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo okanye ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo)
• ``Uhlaselo lwentliziyo`` olwenzeke kwinyanga enye
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) emilenzeni
• I-Endocarditis (usulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo)
• I-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (ukuqina okungaqhelekanga kwemisipha yentliziyo)
• `Ukusilela Kwezintso`
• I-'Heart Valve Stenosis' ephakathi okanye enzima
• Ukukhulelwa okuneengxaki okanye okusondela ekubelekeni
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi lwemithambo yemiphunga (i-PAH)
• I-Arrhythmias engalawulwayo
• Ukusilela Kwentliziyo Okungalawulwayo
• Intlungu yentliziyo (i-angina) engazinzile

Ungazilungiselela njani uvavanyo?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone indlela yokulungiselela olu vavanyo. Kufuneka ulandele ngqo imiyalelo enikwe ngugqirha wakho. Nazi ezinye zemiyalelo ngokubanzi:

• Musa ukutya nantoni na ene-caffeine iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kovavanyo. I-caffeine inokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo. Ikofu, iti, ezinye iziselo ezibandayo, kunye netshokholethi ziqulethe i-caffeine. Iistrawberry kunye neemveliso ezibhalwe "decaffeinated" okanye "ezingenayo i-caffeine" nazo zinokuba nezixa ezincinci, ngoko ke kungcono ukuziphepha nazo.
• Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi iiyure ezine ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Yeka ukutshaya okanye ukutshaya i-vape iiyure ezisibhozo ngaphambi kovavanyo (iiyure ezingama-24 zezona zilungileyo ukuba kunokwenzeka). I-Nicotine nayo inokuchaphazela iziphumo.

Ndenza ntoni ngamayeza endiwasebenzisa rhoqo?

Kuya kufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho ngale nto. Amanye amayeza anokufuneka athathwe ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngosuku lovavanyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, amayeza okudambisa iintlungu aqulethe i-caffeine (njengeepilisi zokunciphisa umzimba, ezifana neNoDoz®, Excedrin®, kunye ne-Anacin®) awacetyiswa iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Ingcebiso ekhethekileyo kubantu abanesifo seswekile:

Ukuba uthatha i-insulin ukulawula iswekile egazini lakho, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka uthathe ingakanani ngosuku lovavanyo. Uninzi lwabantu luya kukuxelela ukuba uthathe isiqingatha sedosi yakho eqhelekileyo kusasa kwaye utye isidlo esilula iiyure ezine ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Ukuba uthatha ipilisi yokulawula iswekile egazini lakho, ungacelwa ukuba ungayithathi de kube semva kovavanyo.

Yintoni omawuyinxibe ngomhla wovavanyo?

Nxiba iimpahla onokuhambahamba ngazo uze uzilolonge . Ekubeni unokubila kancinci, kungcono ukhethe iimpahla ezenziwe ngekotoni eziphefumlayo (njengeT-shirt engenamikhono). Ungazinxiba ezi mpahla ekhaya, okanye ungatshintsha apho. Kwakhona, zise izihlangu ezikhululekileyo (ezifana nezihlangu zecanvas okanye iiteki). Kuya kubakho ilokha apho ukugcina izinto zakho. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukushiya izinto ezixabisekileyo ekhaya.

Olu vavanyo lokuzilolonga lwe-metabolic lwenziwa njani?

Kulungile, ngoku kuza inxalenye ebalulekileyo. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa njani? Lwenziwa 'kwilabhoratri yoxinzelelo', igumbi elikhethekileyo apho kwenziwa khona uvavanyo loxinzelelo. Ingcali eqeqeshiweyo yenza uvavanyo, phantsi kweliso likagqirha. Ungakhwela ibhayisekile engashukumiyo okanye 'uhambe kwi-treadmill'. Ukukhwela ibhayisekile yeyona ixhaphakileyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekwe kwiminyaka yakho, impilo yakho, kunye nenqanaba lokuqina komzimba.

Ngelixa uzilolonga, uza kuqhagamshelwa kwisixhobo esilinganisa ukuphefumla kwakho kunye nokuphefumla kwakho. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa ``imaski yobuso`` okanye ``isixhobo somlomo``. Usenokukwazi ukukhetha esona sikulungeleyo.

Nantsi indlela amanyathelo ovavanyo asebenza ngayo:

• Ukudibanisa i-`EKG`: Ingcali iza kubeka ii-`electrode` ezincinci, ezisicaba ezifana nestikha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesifuba sakho. Ezi ziqhagamshelwe kwimonitha eza kujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho kulo lonke uvavanyo.
• Isigaba sokuphumla: Oku kudla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu emithathu. Ingcali iza kukunceda uqhele imaski yobuso okanye i-mouthpiece ize ikucele ukuba uqale ukuphefumla ngayo. Uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eoksijini egazini (imiqondiso ebalulekileyo esisiseko) ziya kulinganiswa. Isixhobo sokujonga i-ECG siya kusetyenziswa ukujonga izinga lentliziyo yakho. Ukujonga amanqanaba eoksijini kunye ne-carbon dioxide egazini lakho (umlinganiselo wegesi yegazi kwi-arterial), ingcali iza kufaka ityhubhu encinci (i-arterial catheter) kwi-artery engalweni yakho (i-radial artery). Oku kuya kuthatha iisampuli zegazi ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha lovavanyo.
• Isigaba sokungalayishwa (ukufudumeza): Oku kuthatha imizuzu emibini ukuya kwemithathu. 'Ukungalayishwa' kuthetha ukuba ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye uhamba ngeenyawo ngaphandle kobunzima obongezelelweyo. Ngeli xesha, ingcali iqokelela 'ulwazi olusisiseko olusebenzayo'. Le yindlela intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga esabela ngayo kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu lomthambo.
• Isigaba sokuzilolonga esonyukayo: Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yovavanyo. Ithatha imizuzu esi-8 ukuya kweli-12. Uqhuba ibhayisekile okanye uhambahamba rhoqo. Ingcali yongeza kancinci kancinci ukumelana komatshini. Uya kuqala ukuziva udiniwe kancinci kancinci. Ngeli xesha, ingcali iya kukubuza ukuba uziva njani. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuzilolonga ixesha elide kangangoko.
• Isigaba sokuchacha (ukupholisa): Oku kuthatha malunga nemizuzu emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Uza kuqhubeka ukhwela okanye uhamba njengesiqhelo, ngaphandle kobunzima. Ingcali iza kujonga iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ilinganise ukubuya kwesantya sentliziyo yakho. Nje ukuba isantya sentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi zibuyele esiqhelweni, ulungele ukuhamba.

Yintoni isikali se-`RPE`?

Kukho indlela esetyenziswa ukuchaza indlela oziva udiniwe ngayo ngexesha lovavanyo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-`Rating of Perceived Exertion` (RPE) scale. Kukho izikali ezininzi ze-`RPE`. Esona siqhelekileyo esisetyenziswa kwi-`CPET` kukusebenzisa iminwe yakho ukubonisa ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuphefumla kunye nokuba imilenze yakho idinwe kangakanani kwisikali ukusuka ku-0 ukuya kwi-10. Okukhona inani liphezulu, kokukhona uziva udiniwe ngakumbi.

Nangona zonke ezo zixhobo ziqokelela idatha eninzi malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni wakho, nguwe kuphela onokuxelela indlela oziva ngayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba unemibuzo malunga nesi sikali ngaphambi kokuba uqale uvavanyo, buza ingcali.

Ndiza kuziva njani xa ndibhala uvavanyo?

Uvavanyo luvakala njani? Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo neziluncedo ngokwenene, kufuneka uzilolonge ude udinwe kakhulu. Kuqhelekile ukuba isantya sentliziyo yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nesantya sokuphefumla sinyuke. Uza kubila, kwaye imilenze yakho iya kuziva idinwe kancinci. Usenokuziva nomlomo owomileyo ngenxa yokuphefumla ngomlomo.

Olu luvavanyo, ngoko ke luvakala ngathi luvavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lovavanyo, kufuneka uyeke ngoko nangoko ukuzilolonga kwaye uxelele ingcali. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Intlungu, ukungakhululeki, ukuqina esifubeni, engalweni, emhlathini
• Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo
• Isiyezi, ukuziva uphelelwe ngamandla

Ezi mpawu zinokuba luphawu lwengxamiseko yezonyango, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ekubeni iingcali zijonge i-monitor ye-E.C.G., ziya kuyimisa ngoko nangoko uvavanyo ukuba zibona naluphi na utshintsho oluyingozi.

Olu vavanyo luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

Idinga lakho lilonke liza kuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-75, kodwa uza kube uzilolonga malunga nemizuzu engama-20, kuquka ukuzifudumeza umzimba kunye nokuzipholisa.

Ndingazifumana njani iziphumo zovavanyo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uza kuzibona nini kwaye njani iziphumo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uza kukwazi ukubona iziphumo kwirekhodi yakho yezonyango ye-elektroniki. Uza kufumana nethuba lokudibana nogqirha wakho ukuze nixoxe ngale nto.

Olu vavanyo lurekhoda amawaka eemilinganiselo, eziboniswa kwifomathi yegrafu entsonkothileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-``nine-panel plot``. Ezi ziigrafu zobugcisa ezintsonkothileyo nezinika umfanekiso opheleleyo wendlela intliziyo yakho nemiphunga esebenza ngayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlalutya ezi ziphumo aze akuchazele zona ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo kancinci kwaye woyike xa uxelelwa ukuba uza kwenza uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomthambo. Kuyaqondakala oko. Kodwa musa ukucinga kakhulu ngaloo nto.Olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olunokunika wena nogqirha wakho ulwazi oluhle malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni entliziyweni nasemiphungeni yakho.

Ewe, kunokuba ngamava angaqhelekanga ukuzilolonga ngelixa unxibe ii-electrode nezinye izixhobo. Kodwa khumbula, isixhobo ngasinye siqokelela ulwazi olubalulekileyo oluya kunceda ekulungiseleleni unyango lwakho. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nendlela yokulungiselela uvavanyo okanye into omawuyilindele xa ufika kwilebhu, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo esifuna ukuzithatha ekhaya kweli nqaku?

Ngamafutshane, uvavanyo lweMetabolic Exercise Stress Test` (`CPET`) luvavanyo olukhethekileyo olulinganisa indlela intliziyo nemiphunga yakho esabela ngayo kumthambo. Lunokukunceda ufumane unobangela wokuphefumla okuncinci nokudinwa, uxilonge iimeko zempilo, ucebe unyango, kwaye uvavanye umngcipheko ngaphambi kotyando.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha (malunga ne-caffeine, ukutshaya, ukutya, kunye namayeza) ngaphambi kolu vavanyo.

Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe kancinci ngexesha lovavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, xelela ingcali ngoko nangoko. Khumbula, olu luvavanyo oluya kubonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nempilo yakho kwaye lukuncede ufumane unyango olungcono. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ufunde okungakumbi ngale nto.

Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba, i - CPET, uvavanyo lwentliziyo, uvavanyo lwemiphunga, uvavanyo lokuzivocavoca, izizathu zokudinwa, impilo yentliziyo, impilo yokuphefumla