Masifunde ngakumbi ngokubona. Yintoni i-20/20 Vision?

Ngaba wakha weva ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo esithi, "Umbono wakho ulungile" xa usiya kuhlolwa amehlo? Okanye mhlawumbi ukhe weva umhlobo wakho esitsho. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba umbono we-20/20 ulungile, ugqibelele, kwaye ugqibelele. Kodwa ngaba kunjalo ngokwenene? ​​Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye intsomi ethi "20/20".

Yintoni i-20/20 Vision?

Ngamafutshane, umbono we-20/20 ngumbono "oqhelekileyo". Ulinganisa indlela obona ngayo ngokucacileyo nangokubukhali into ekude ngeenyawo ezingama-20. Iingcali zamehlo zibiza oku ngokuba yi-visuality.

Khawucinge nje, xa usiya kuhlolwa amehlo, bakwenza ujonge itshathi enoonobumba kuyo. Umgama weemitha ezingama-20 ukusuka kwitshathi.

• Inombolo yokuqala (20): Oku kukuxelela ukuba ukude kangakanani netshathi enoonobumba. Kwiimvavanyo zamehlo, oku kuhlala kungama-20, kuba umgama oqhelekileyo ziinyawo ezingama-20.
• Inombolo yesibini (20 kwelinye icala): Oku kukuxelela ukuba zingaphi iinyawo ukusuka apho umntu obonayo ngendlela eqhelekileyo aya kubona into ecacileyo nebukhali ngendlela efanayo naleyo ubuya kuyibona ukude.

Oko kukuthi, ukuba unombono ongama-20/20, oko ukubonayo ukumgama weemitha ezingama-20, umntu onombono oqhelekileyo unokubona ngokucacileyo ukumgama weemitha ezingama-20. Lo ngumbono "oqhelekileyo", hayi umbono "ogqibeleleyo". Okumangalisayo kukuba, malunga nama-35% kuphela abemi behlabathi abanombono ongama-20/20, nokuba banxiba iiglasi, iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, okanye baye benza utyando lwamehlo.

Ngoku, khangela, ngamanye amaxesha umbono wakho ungabhalwa njengo-20/15. Oko kuthetha ukuba into onokuyibona ukude ngeenyawo ezingama-20 kuya kufuneka ibe yi-15 leemitha ukuze umntu onombono oqhelekileyo ayibone ngokucacileyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba umbono wakho ungcono kunowesiqhelo!

Kwakhona, ukuba umbono wakho ungama-20/40, oko kuthetha ukuba into onokuyibona ukude ngama-20 eemitha inokubonwa ngokucacileyo ngumntu onombono oqhelekileyo ukude ngama-40 eemitha. Oku kuthetha ukuba umbono wakho ungaphantsi kancinci komndilili, kuba kufuneka ube kufutshane nawo kunomntu oqhelekileyo ukuze uwubone ngokucacileyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ukuba umbono wakho ungaphantsi kwama-20/20, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokukunceda uwucacise.

Njengokuba ilizwe lethu lilinganisa umgama ngeenyawo, amanye amazwe ehlabathini asebenzisa inkqubo ye-metric. Kula mazwe, umbono we-20/20 ubizwa ngokuba ngumbono we-6/6. Oko kukuthi, balinganisa ukuba unokuyibona ngokucacileyo into ekumgama weemitha ezi-6 endaweni yeenyawo ezingama-20.

Ngaba umbono we-20/20 kuphela kwento ebalulekileyo kwimbono?

Nangona kubalulekile ukuba nombono opheleleyo ukuze ubone ihlabathi ngokucacileyo, kukho ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekuboneni. Nazi:

• Ukubona imibala: Ukukwazi ukubona imibala ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukulungelelaniswa kwamehlo: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqondeni okunzulu nasekuboneni nge-3D. Kufuna ukuba omabini amehlo asebenzisane kakuhle.
• Ukubona okuphantsi okanye okusebusuku: Ubungakanani bokubona ebumnyameni.
• Umbono ojikelezayo: Uluhlu lombono onokubonakala emacaleni ngaphandle kokujika intloko.

Ngaba uyaqonda? I-20/20 yinto enye nje ebonakala ngayo. Zonke ezi zinto zinegalelo ekuboneni kakuhle.

Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukuba namehlo alungileyo?

Ukubona kakuhle kubalulekile ukuze ukhuseleke. Khawucinge nje, ukubona imoto endleleni, ungaphoswa nanye inyathelo xa usehla izinyuko, zonke ezi zinto zifuna ukubona kakuhle.

Kwakhona, ukubona kakuhle kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ubomi bakho busemgangathweni ophezulu . Ukubona kakuhle kuchaphazela umsebenzi wakho, imisebenzi yakho yoluntu, izinto ozithandayo, ukufunda incwadi, zonke ezi zinto. Ukubona kakuhle kunokuthetha ukuba unxibe iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ubona ngokucacileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisana nokusingqongileyo kunye nabantu abakungqongileyo - nokuba kukho ukulungiswa okanye akunjalo.

Ukubona kakuhle akupheleli nje ekuphepheni iikona ezibukhali. Kukwanceda ukugcina ingqondo yakho ibukhali , ikunike amandla okwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Ukufunda iresiphi ngelixa upheka, ukufunda imiyalelo ekwibhotile yeyeza, ukufunda izilumkiso kwisisombululo sokucoca, nokubona imiqondiso yendlela kunye neenombolo zendlela yebhasi ngelixa uqhuba kufuna umbono olungileyo.

Wazi njani ukuba unombono we-20/20?

Ugqirha wamehlo uza kuvavanya umbono wakho ngovavanyo lwamehlo. Badla ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Uvavanyo lokubona kakuhle: Olu lolona ndilukhankanyileyo ngaphambili, apho kufuneka ufunde oonobumba kwitshathi. Olu tshathi lubizwa ngokuba yitshathi yeSnellen . Ngamanye amaxesha, endaweni yoonobumba, kusetyenziswa neetshathi ezineemilo, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
• I-Retinoscopy: Oku kubandakanya ukubamba iilensi ezahlukeneyo esweni lakho ukuze ubone ukuba yeyiphi ekuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo. Ugqirha ukwenza oku ngelixa ekhanyisa iliso lakho.
• Ukujonga ngokuzenzekela: Oku kuquka ukujonga umatshini (mhlawumbi umfanekiso wendlu endle, okanye ibhaluni yomoya oshushu ekupheleni kwendlela ende). Umatshini ulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo umbono wakho. Ugqirha usebenzisa ezi zibalo ukuze ahlole ngakumbi umbono wakho aze akunike inani elifanelekileyo leeglasi.

Ziziphi izizathu zokuba ndingabi nambono we-20/20?

Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokubona ezingaphantsi kwama-20/20 ziimpazamo zokungajongi kakuhle. Ezi ziinguqu kwimo yeliso lakho ezibangela ukubona okufipheleyo. Ezi ziquka:

• I-Hyperopia okanye i-Dir-opianess: Imeko apho izinto ezikufutshane zibonakala zingacacanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezikude nazo zibonakala zingacacanga kancinci.
• I-Myopia okanye i-Nearboneness: Imeko apho izinto ezikude zifiphale kwaye izinto ezikufutshane zibonakala ngokucacileyo.
• I-Presbyopia: Le yimeko eyenzeka xa umntu ekhula. Yenza kube nzima ukufunda kufutshane nezinto, njengeencwadi namaphephandaba. Idla ngokuqala emva kweminyaka engama-40.
• I-Astigmatism: Kule meko, ngenxa yokuba iliso alikho ngqukuva ngokugqibeleleyo, imisebe yokukhanya ayijolisi kwindawo enye ngaphakathi kweliso. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ezikufutshane nezikude zinokubonakala zigqwethekile kwaye zingacacanga.

Ukongeza kwezi mpazamo zokungahoyi, ezinye iimeko zamehlo nazo zinokuchaphazela umbono wakho. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• IiCataracts: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeliso.
• Izifo ze-corneal: Izifo ezenzeka kwi-cornea, i-membrane ecacileyo engaphambili kweliso.
• I-Diabetes-related retinopathy: Ukonakala kwe-retina ngasemva kweliso okubangelwa sisifo seswekile.
• Iglaucoma: Ukonakala komthambo we-optic ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kweliso.
• Izifo ze-retina: Izifo ezahlukeneyo ezenzeka kwi-retina yeliso.
• Iimeko ezifana ne -strabismus , umzekelo , i-amblyopia/iliso elivilaphayo.

Kwakhona, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nombono ongcono kunowesiqhelo, kodwa amathuba mancinci kancinci.

Iphathwa njani i-low visual acuity?

Ukuba uneziphene zokungahoyi, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezifumanekayo zokulungisa umbono wakho. Ezi ndlela zonyango zijolise ekusondezeni umbono wakho kwi-20/20 kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ziquka:

• Iiglasi zamehlo: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo nelula.
• Iilensi zokunxibelelana: Enye indlela elungileyo kwabo bangazithandiyo iiglasi.
• Utyando lokulungisa umbono: Izinto ezifana notyando lwelaser zinokuphucula umbono ngokusisigxina.

Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zamehlo, zisenokufuna utyando okanye unyango. Ukongeza, kusenokufuneka unxibe iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha usenokungafikeleli kwi-20/20 yombono, kodwa usenokufikelela kwimbono ekhululekileyo kuwe ukuba uphile nayo.

Ndingawunciphisa na umngcipheko wokuba ukubona kwam kube ngaphantsi kwama-20/20?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukugcina amehlo akho esempilweni nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nokukhubazeka kokubona. Ezi ziquka:

• Fumana uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo: Hlola amehlo akho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka okanye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini. Oku kubalulekile nokuba awuzinxibi iiglasi.
• Nxiba isikhuselo samehlo:Nxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko xa usebenza ngezinto ezinokuba yingozi. Nxiba neeglasi zelanga xa uphuma elangeni. Oku kuya kukhusela amehlo akho kwimitha yelanga eyingozi.
• Ukuba usebenzisa icuba okanye iimveliso ze-nicotine, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ukuze uyeke . Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu emehlweni.
• Fumana isondlo esifanelekileyo: Amehlo akho afuna iivithamini kunye neeminerali ezininzi ukuze asebenze kakuhle. Faka izinto ezifana nemifuno eluhlaza, iziqhamo ezimthubi, kunye nemifuno ekutyeni kwakho.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokukhokelela kwizifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, esinokuchaphazela namehlo akho.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo: Oku kunokuthintela iintsholongwane kunye nosulelo ukuba lungangeni emehlweni akho.
• Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, landela imiyalelo yokuzigcina zicocekile kwaye uzitshintshe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu zamehlo okanye utshintsho embonweni, ingakumbi ukuba utshintsho lwenzeka ngequbuliso. Bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, zilawule kakuhle. Oku kunokunciphisa iziphumo ezimbi emehlweni akho.
• Nika amehlo akho ikhefu: Ingakumbi ukuba wenza umsebenzi omninzi wokubona okanye uchitha ixesha elininzi ujonge isikrini sekhompyutha, kubalulekile ukuba uwanike ikhefu amehlo akho. Ungasebenzisa umthetho we-20-20-20 : Rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-20, jonga into ekude kangangeemitha ezingama-20 imizuzwana engama-20.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nokuba ingakanani na inqaku lakho lovavanyo lokubona, amehlo akho afana neefestile obona ngazo ihlabathi elikujikelezileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwanyamekela kakuhle. Ukwenza njalo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokulahlekelwa kukubona.

Khumbula, i-20/20 kukubona nje "okuqhelekileyo", kungekhona "ukubona okugqibeleleyo". Ukuba unenkxalabo okanye awuqinisekanga ngombono wakho, kusoloko kububulumko ukubona ingcali yamehlo.

Ukubona kwamehlo , ukubona oku-20/20, ukubona okubukhali, ukuvavanywa kwamehlo, izifo zamehlo, iiglasi zamehlo, umbono, ukuphuculwa kombono