Ngaba uhlala ufumana amatye ezintso? Okanye umntwana wakho uyawafumana? Mhlawumbi isizathu soku kukuba unekhemikhali eninzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-oxalate kumchamo wakho. Le meko yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-hyperoxaluria kwisayensi yezonyango. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama, lilula kakhulu. Masithethe ngale nto ngokucacileyo nangendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iHyperoxaluria?
I-Oxalate yikhemikhali eveliswa yimizimba yethu ngokwendalo kwaye ikwafumaneka nakwezinye zokutya esikutyayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, izintso zethu zihluza ezi oxalates emzimbeni ngomchamo.
Nangona kunjalo, kumntu one-hyperoxaluria, ubungakanani be-oxalate kumchamo wakhe buyanda kakhulu. Oku kunokuba yingozi. Le oxalate igqithisileyo idibana ne-calcium kumchamo ukwenza amatye ezintso kunye neekristale ze-calcium oxalate .
La matye kunye neekristale zingonakalisa izintso zakho kwaye zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwezintso . Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa le oxalate igqithisileyo inokuqalisa ukubekwa kwezinye izicwili kunye namalungu omzimba.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeHyperoxaluria?
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sale meko. Wakuba uyiqonda le mahluko, kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda.
| Uhlobo lwe-hyperoxaluria | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Hyperoxaluria ephambili (PH) | Esi sisifo semfuza , oko kuthetha ukuba sizuzwe njengelifa. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba kukho isiphene kwii-enzymes esibindini esibangela ukuba umzimba uvelise i-oxalate ngokungalawulekiyo. Esi sesona sibi kakhulu kwezi ntlobo zintathu. |
| I-Enteric Hyperoxaluria | Oku kubangelwa zizifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya (indlela yamathumbu).Umzekelo, abantu abaneengxaki ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn okanye isifo samathumbu esibangelwa kukudumba bafunxa i-oxalate eninzi emathunjini abo. Le meko inokwenzeka nasemva kotyando lokunciphisa umzimba (utyando lwe-gastric bypass). |
| Ukutya okune-Hyperoxaluria | Kulula kakhulu. Kubangelwa kukutya ukutya okuninzi okune-oxalates eninzi . Izinto ezifana nespinatshi, iibhithi, isoya, iialmond, kunye neetapile zinee-oxalates ezininzi. |
Ngubani ofumana oku? Uneminyaka emingaphi?
Iimpawu ze-hyperoxaluria zinokubonakala nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ukusuka kwiintsana ukuya kubantu abadala, kodwa iimpawu zihlala zibonakala malunga neminyaka emi-5.
- Abantu abane -Primary Hyperoxaluria (PH) badla ngokuba namatye ezintso ngokuphindaphindiweyo ebuntwaneni okanye ebusheni (ngesiqhelo ngaphambi kokuba bafikelele kwiminyaka engama-20). Ukuba le meko ikhula kumntwana omncinci, inokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Kuzo zombini iintlobo zesisu kunye nezokutya , amatye ezintso kunye nezinye iimpawu zihlala zibonakala xa umntu emdala.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Amaxesha amaninzi uphawu lokuqala luba ngamatye ezintso. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana amatye ezintso. Makhe sijonge iimpawu eziphambili.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | |
|---|---|
| Igazi kumchamo | Usulelo oluphindaphindayo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs) |
| Ukungaphumeleli ukukhula kakuhle ebantwaneni abancinci | |
| Iimpawu ezibangelwa ngamatye ezintso | |
| |
Kubalulekile: Amatye ezintso kumntwana omncinci anokuba luphawu lwesi sifo, i-Hyperoxaluria. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona into efana nale , mse umntwana wakho kugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kukho izizathu ezintathu:
- Isiphene semfuza (i-primary hyperoxaluria): Into ezuzwa ngabazali kubantwana.
- Izifo zamathumbu: Ukufunxwa kakhulu kwe-oxalate ngenxa yezifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
- Ukutya: Ukutya kakhulu ukutya okune-oxalate eninzi.
Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wale meko:
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-Primary Hyperoxaluria.
- Ukuba uhlala uhlaselwa ngamatye ezintso.
- Ukuba ukhe waba namatye ezintso ebuntwaneni (nokuba kanye).
- Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba i-calcium igcinwe kwizintso zakho.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Eyona ngxaki iphambili neyingozi kakhulu ye-hyperoxaluria kukonakala kwezintso kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
Xa izintso zingasebenzi, azikwazi ukukhupha i-oxalate egqithisileyo eqokelelana emzimbeni. Emva koko, ezi kristale ze-oxalate ziqala ukuhlala kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, njengamathambo, igazi, izihlunu, intliziyo, namehlo. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Oxalosis .
I-Oxalosis inokubangela ezinye iingxaki zempilo:
- Isifo samathambo
- I-anemia
- Iingxaki zentliziyo namehlo
- Iingxaki ezinxulumene nokukhula nophuhliso lwabantwana
Ndingafumanisa njani ukuba oku kuyafumaneka?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, imbali yezonyango zosapho lwakho, kunye nokutya kwakho. Emva koko uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Linganisa amanqanaba e-oxalate kunye nee-enzyme kumchamo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nobungakanani be-oxalate egazini.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ii-X-ray, i-ultrasound, okanye i-CT scan zingasetyenziselwa ukujonga amatye ezintso okanye iikristale ze-calcium oxalate.
- Uvavanyo lwe-genetic: Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kwe-Primary Hyperoxaluria, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho lwe-genetic olubangela ukuba lukhona na.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokufuneka ukuba wenze uvavanyo olukhethekileyo, olufana ne -echocardiogram , uvavanyo lwamehlo, okanye i-bone marrow biopsies, ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-oxalate ibekwe kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.
Iphathwa njani?
Injongo ephambili yonyango kukunciphisa amanqanaba e-oxalate emzimbeni kunye nokuthintela nokukhusela izintso kunye nezinye izitho ekwakhekeni kwekristale. Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-hyperoxaluria onayo kunye nobunzima bemeko.
Amayeza
- Abantu abane-primary hyperoxaluria banikwa iidosi eziphezulu ze-vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-oxalate.
- Amayeza anjenge-potassium citrate anikwa ukuthintela ukwakheka kweekristale ze-calcium oxalate.
- Abantu abane-Enteric Hyperoxaluria bayacetyiswa ukuba bathathe izongezo ze-calcium xa besitya kuba i-calcium iyazibophelela kwi-oxalate kwaye inceda ukuba ikhutshwe lula emzimbeni.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokutya
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Kubalulekile ukusela malunga neelitha ezi-3 zamanzi ngosuku. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhupha i-oxalate egqithisileyo kunye nomchamo kwaye kuthintele ukwakheka kwamatye. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuzo zonke iintlobo.
- Ukutya: Nciphisa ityuwa neswekile. Nciphisa iiproteni zezilwanyana ezifana nenyama, ubisi, namaqanda. Kuphephe ukutya okune-oxalates eninzi (isipinatshi, irhubarb, iibhithi, itshokolethi, iti, amantongomane).
- Ukutya okune-calcium eninzi: Ukongeza ukutya okune-calcium eninzi ekutyeni kwakho kunokunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-oxalate.
Kodwa khumbula, olu hlobo lokutya alunakuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yiPrimary Hyperoxaluria. Ngokuqinisekileyo lufuna unyango ngamayeza.
Ulawulo lwamatye ezintso
Amanye amatye ezintso ayaphuma ngokwawo xa usela amanzi amaninzi. Ukuba awaphumi, ugqirha wakho unokufuneka awasuse.
Utyando okanye ukufakelwa
Ukuba isifo siba sibi kakhulu kwaye izintso aziphumeleli, i-kidney dialysis ingafuneka ukuze kucocwe igazi. Ukuba imeko ye-Primary Hyperoxaluria imbi kakhulu, kusenokufuneka ukuba kwenziwe utyando lwezintso okanye lwesibindi.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ekubeni olu luphawu lokuqala lwamatye ezintso, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ucinga ukuba unamatye ezintso, ingakumbi ukuba unale mpawu:
- Intlungu emqolo, ecaleni, okanye ezantsi kwesisu.
- Umchamo obomvu, opinki, okanye omdaka.
- Utshintsho kwinani lokuchama rhoqo okanye ubungakanani bokuchama.
- Intlungu xa uchama.
Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa ufumanisa ukuba unesifo esifana nesi. Thetha nogqirha wakho, usapho kunye nabahlobo malunga nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Khumbula, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungayilawula kakuhle le meko kwaye uhlale usempilweni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hyperoxaluria yimeko apho amanqanaba aphezulu e-oxalate kumchamo anokukhokelela kumatye ezintso kunye nomonakalo wezintso.
- Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zale nto: eyokuqala, eyokuqala, kunye neyokutya.
- Ukuba usoloko uhlaselwa ziintso, ingakumbi kumntwana omncinci, oko kungaba luphawu lwesi sifo. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Unyango luquka amayeza, ukusela amanzi amaninzi, kunye nokunciphisa ukutya okuthile.
- Ungathintela ukonakala kwezintso ngokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
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