Izikhuseli ezincinci zomzimba wethu: Konke malunga neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kukho umkhosi omncinci ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, njengeqela labantu abasikhuselayo kwiingozi ezingabonakaliyo? Ewe, yinyani. Lo mkhosi usikhusela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngala majoni amancinci, kodwa abaluleke kakhulu, emizimbeni yethu. Ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezinye zikwabiza ngokuba ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Zithini iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe?

Ngamafutshane, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-"Leukocytes" ngoogqirha, zifana nabalindi abaphambili emzimbeni wethu. Njengokuba kukho umkhosi wokukhusela ilizwe, kukho umkhosi okhethekileyo wokukhusela eli lizwe limangalisayo elibizwa ngokuba ngumzimba wethu. Ezi seli ezimhlophe zegazi ziyinxalenye enkulu yaloo mandla. Ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu neyimfuneko kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela . Ezi seli zihlala zihamba ngemithambo yegazi kunye nezicubu zethu, ngokungathi zisepatrolini. Aba bantu bahlala bekhangela naluphi na umonzakalo, usulelo, okanye nantoni na eyingozi emzimbeni.

Kwenzeka ntoni emizimbeni yethu ngezi seli zegazi ezimhlophe?

Umsebenzi ophambili wezi seli ezimhlophe zegazi kukukhusela imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane . Khawuthelekelele ukuba ibhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni wakho. Kufana notshaba olungene kwilizwe lakho. Emva koko, ezi seli ezimhlophe zegazi zisebenza njengamajoni emkhosini.

Okokuqala, ezinye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ziyamfumana umhlaseli. Emva koko, njengabalawuli, bathumela umyalezo kwezinye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, besithi, "Kukho ingxaki apha, yizani ngokukhawuleza!" Emva koko, wonke umkhosi weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi uqokelelana kwindawo yosulelo. Ziza zilwe ukuze zitshabalalise umhlaseli. Kulo mlo, zivelisa uhlobo olukhethekileyo lweproteni, olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Antibody". Le "Antibody" iyahamba ize izincamathele kumhlaseli, iyikhubaze kwaye iyitshabalalise. Ayisiyondlela imangalisayo na le?

Zifumaneka phi iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe?

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zifumaneka kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi , oko kukuthi, egazini. Nangona kunjalo, azikho ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi kuphela. Xa kuyimfuneko, zinokungena nakwiindonga zemithambo yegazi zize zingene kwizicubu zomzimba. Njengabacuphi, bafumana usulelo kwenye indawo baze baye apho ukuze benze umsebenzi wabo.

Zibonakala njani iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe?

Nangona zibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zegazi "ezimhlophe", eneneni azinambala. Nangona kunjalo, xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu, zibonakala zinombala omfusa-opinki okhanyayo xa zidaywe ngeedayi ezikhethekileyo. Ezi ziiseli ezincinci kakhulu ezihlala zingqukuva kwaye zine-membrane ecacileyo ephakathi, okanye i-nucleus, embindini.

Zingakanani ezi zinto?

Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe zizinto ezincinci kakhulu ezingenakubonwa ngeliso lenyama . Zinokubonwa kuphela ngemakroskopu. Zincinci kangako.

Zingaphi iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi esinazo emizimbeni yethu?

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zenza malunga ne-1% yomthamo wegazi lethu lilonke.Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zezona zininzi egazini lethu. Kodwa nokuba oku kuyi-1%, inkonzo abayinikelayo kukhuseleko lwethu ayinakuthelekiswa nanto. Ungamangaliswa kukwazi ukuba imizimba yethu ivelisa malunga neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezili-100 leebhiliyoni ngosuku!

Zenziwa njani iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe?

Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe zenziwa kwizicubu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi emathanjeni ethu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bone marrow . Ayisiyondawo intle na le? Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lweseli kule bone marrow, esizibiza ngokuba zii-stem cells, yileyo itshintsha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ize ibe ziiseli zegazi ezimhlophe.

Kwakhona, iintlobo ezimbini zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes, zikhula kwi-thymus gland esesifubeni esingaphezulu. Ezinye iintlobo zee-lymphocytes, ezifana nee-T cells, zikhula kwi-lymph nodes nakwi-spleen.

Zeziphi iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezikhoyo?

Njengokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamajoni kumkhosi wethu wokhuseleko, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zahlulwe zaba ziintlobo ezintlanu eziphambili. Uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi othile.

Khawuthelekelele, oku kufana nomkhosi ohamba ngeenyawo, izixhobo zomkhosi, kunye nemikhosi ekhethekileyo. Wonke umntu usebenzisana ukuze aphumelele edabini.

Nazi ezo ntlobo:

• IiNeutrophils: Ezi zezona zinceda ekubulaleni abahlaseli njengeebhaktheriya kunye neefungi ezingena emizimbeni yethu, kwaye zikwasusa nenkunkuma kwihlabathi langaphandle. Njengamajoni akwimigca engaphambili.
• Iilymphocytes: Eli qela liquka ii-T cells, ii-B cells, kunye nee-natural killer cells. Zezona zisikhusela kakhulu kwiintsholongwane kwaye zenze iiproteni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.
• Ii-Eosinophils: Ezi zinceda ekuchongeni nasekutshabalaliseni iiparasites (umz. iimpethu), zitshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza, kwaye zikwasebenza kunye neeBasophils xa kukho i-allergies.
• IiBasophils: Ezi zezona zibangela ukusabela okufana nokukhohlela, ukuthimla, kunye nempumlo egobhozayo xa une-allergy. Enyanisweni yindlela yokuzikhusela yomzimba.
• IiMonocytes: Ezi zifana neqela lokucoca. Xa kukho usulelo, zinceda ekucoceni indawo ngokususa iiseli ezonakeleyo nezifileyo.

Ziziphi iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi?

Ngamanye amaxesha inani leeseli zethu ezimhlophe linokuba liphantsi okanye liphezulu. Zombini zinokuba yingxaki.

• Ukuba inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi liyancipha (iLeukopenia): Ukuba inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi liyancipha, okubizwa ngokuba yi-"Leukopenia," kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane usulelo rhoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukhuselo lomzimba wakho lubuthathaka.
• Ukuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liyanda (i-Leukocytosis):Kwakhona, ukwanda kakhulu kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-"Leukocytosis," akulunganga. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho usulelo kwindawo ethile emzimbeni, okanye imeko yezonyango efana ne-leukemia, i-lymphoma, okanye uhlobo oluthile lwengxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Nokuba inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe liphantsi okanye liphezulu, usenokuba neempawu ezithile eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa khumbula, ukuba nezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba unengxaki enkulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.

• Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokuziva ubanda.
• Xa kuvela inxeba, liba bomvu, lidumbe, likhuphe ubovu, okanye alipholi ngokukhawuleza.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo (umz., usulelo lomphimbo, usulelo lolusu).
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Ingakanani inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi eliqhelekileyo?

Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba womntu ophilileyo uvelisa malunga neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezili-100 leebhiliyoni ngosuku. Xa senza uvavanyo lwegazi, silinganisa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kwi-microliter nganye yegazi. Kumntu omdala ophilileyo, eli nani kufuneka libe phakathi kweeseli ezingama-4,000 kunye ne-11,000 kwi-microliter nganye . Oku kunokwahluka kancinci kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala kunye nesini.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezimbini eziphambili.

1. Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Olu lolona vavanyo lwenziwa rhoqo. Lunokubonelela ngolwazi oluninzi malunga kungekuphela nje neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kodwa nezinye iiseli ezisegazini, ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets, ezivela kwisampuli yegazi lakho.

2. Ukuskena iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi: Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo. Lwenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe usulelo okanye ithumba elifihliweyo kwindawo ethile kwizicubu ezithambileyo zomzimba. Okwenziwayo apha kukuba, kuthathwe igazi elincinci kuwe, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zahlulwe kulo, kwaye kongezwe into enemisebe kuzo. Emva koko, ezo seli ezimhlophe zegazi zibuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho. Emva koko, xa uyijonga ngekhamera ekhethekileyo, into enemisebe yenza usulelo lubonakale ngokucacileyo.

Zithini izizathu zokuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liphantsi?

Sibiza inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi elingaphantsi kwe-4,000 ``Leukopenia``. Oku kunokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo.

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle komongo wethambo (umz., iimeko ezifana ne-aplastic anemia).
• Iiseli zomhlaza zihlasela umongo wethambo (umz. i-leukemia).
• Amanye amayeza, ingakumbi i-chemotherapy yomhlaza.
• Ukunqongophala kweevithamini ezithile, ezifana ne-vitamin B12.
• Izifo ezinciphisa amajoni omzimba, ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS.

Zithini izizathu zokwanda kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi?

Inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezingaphezu kwe-11,000 libizwa ngokuba yi-"Leukocytosis." Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

• Iingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba (umz., i-lupus, i-rheumatoid arthritis).
• Usulelo lweentsholongwane (umz. `(iMononucleosis)`).
• Usulelo lweebhaktheriya (umz., usulelo olunzima olufana ne-sepsis).
• Ukulimala emzimbeni okanye uxinzelelo olukhulu lwengqondo.
• Umhlaza ofana ne-leukemia okanye isifo sikaHodgkin.
• Iingxaki zokunganyamezelani.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwezifo zeseli ezimhlophe zegazi?

Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo kunye nokuba sibi kangakanani. Ezinye iindlela zonyango ziquka:

• Ukubonelela ngeevithamini (ukuba kukho ukunqongophala).
• Ukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (ukuba lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane).
• Utyando lokufakelwa okanye ukulungisa umongo wethambo (kwezinye iimeko ezinzima kakhulu).
• Utofelo-gazi.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu.

Ndingazigcina njani iiseli zam ezimhlophe zegazi ziphilile?

Kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukuze sinyamekele kakuhle la ma-lindo amancinci emizimbeni yethu.

• Ukuziqhelanisa neendlela ezilungileyo zococeko: Izinto ezifana nokuhlamba izandla rhoqo nokutya ukutya okucocekileyo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.
• Ukusela iivithamini ezomeleza inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo, kwaye usele izongezo zeevithamini njengoko ugqirha eyalela ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwezinye iimeko zonyango: Ezinye izifo zinokuchaphazela iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi njengesiphumo esingesihle. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwiimeko ezisisiseko.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zifana nomgca wokuqala wokuzikhusela emizimbeni yethu. Nokuba kukwenzakala okanye kukugula, ezi zezokuqala ukulwa. Ke ngoko, luxanduva lwethu ukugcina ezi seli ziphilile. Ungayigcina imizimba yakho yokuzikhusela iqinile ngokugcina ucoceko oluhle, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokuthatha iivithamini ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ukuba usoloko ukhwehlela, ugodola, usulelo oluqhelekileyo, ukhwehlela olungapheliyo, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze ahlole inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi. Oku kunokukunceda uchonge imeko ngaphambi kokuba ibe yingxaki enkulu. Ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango olufanelekileyo kuzo zonke ezi zinto!

Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe , ii-leukocytes, amasosha omzimba, usulelo, uvavanyo lwegazi, impilo, impilo yomzimba