Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi ngequbuliso unesizungu, ngathi yonke into ekungqongileyo ijikeleza njengengubo ejikelezayo? Okanye ngaba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho xa uhamba kwaye uzive ngathi uza kuwa? Zininzi izizathu zezi zinto. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olukhethekileyo olwenziwayo ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ingxaki ngemithambo-luvo elawula ibhalansi engqondweni yethu nakwindlebe yangaphakathi. Olu luvavanyo lwe-ENG.
Kalula nje, yintoni olu vavanyo lwe-ENG?
Igama elipheleleyo le-ENG yi-Electronystagmography. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi, into eliyenzayo ilula kakhulu. Ngamafutshane, i-ENG luvavanyo olujonga ukusebenza kweminye yemithambo-luvo ebalulekileyo engqondweni yakho (imithambo-luvo yentloko) elawula intshukumo yamehlo, ukuva, kunye nokulinganisela .
Olu vavanyo lujonga ikakhulu ukuba amehlo akho ahamba ngokukhawuleza na ngasemva nangaphambili ngendlela engalawulekiyo. Ngokwezonyango, esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi -'nystagmus' . Ngokuhlalutya indlela amehlo akho ahamba ngayo, olu vavanyo luvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane umbono olungileyo ngokusebenza kwendlebe yakho yangaphakathi kunye neendawo zobuchopho bakho ezinoxanduva lokulinganisela.
Zeziphi ezo mithambo-luvo zibalulekileyo ezivavanywa nge-ENG?
Phantse yonke imisebenzi emzimbeni wethu ilawulwa yimithambo-luvo evela ebuchotsheni. Kukho imithambo-luvo emine ephambili ebaluleke kakhulu emehlweni ethu, ezindlebeni, nakwibhalansi esiza kugxila kuyo kolu vavanyo lwe-ENG. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kuzo.
| Igama leMithambo | Oko ikwenzayo (ngamagama alula) |
|---|---|
| Umthambo we-Oculomotor | Izihlunu zamehlo zidibene nengqondo kwaye zinceda ekushukumiseni amehlo phezulu, ezantsi, nangaphakathi. |
| Umthambo weTrochlear | Umthambo omkhulu onceda ukujika amehlo aye ezantsi kunye nempumlo iye ecaleni. |
| I-Abducens nerve | Kuyanceda ukujika amehlo ajonge ecaleni, oko kukuthi, aphume empumlweni. |
| Umthambo weVestibular | Lo ngumthambo oyintloko odibanisa ingqondo yethu ngaphakathi kwendlebe yethu kwaye ulawula ukulinganisela komzimba kunye nokuva. |
Lufuneka nini uvavanyo lwe-ENG?
Zimbini izizathu eziphambili zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela olu vavanyo. Esinye kungenxa yeempawu zakho. Esinye kukuqinisekisa imeko yempilo ekrokrelwayo.
Ngaba uneempawu ezifana nezi?
Ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zingezantsi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-ENG.
- Iingxaki zokulinganisela: Ukuziva ungazinzile okanye unesizungu xa uhamba, uhlala usiwa.
- Isiyezi kunye neentlobo ze-vertigo: Oku akusiyo nje imvakalelo yokujikeleza. 'I-Vertigo' kuxa uziva ngathi ihlabathi elikujikelezileyo lijikeleza ngokukhawuleza, nangona umile ungashukumi.
- Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okungalindelekanga: Ukuba ulahlekelwa kukuva ngequbuliso okanye kancinci kancinci kwindlebe enye, olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba imbangela yingxaki yemithambo-luvo engaphakathi kwendlebe.
I-ENG ikwanceda ekuxilongeni ezi meko.
Uvavanyo lwe-ENG lubonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo ngexesha lokuxilonga okanye unyango lweemeko ezithile zonyango.
- I-Acoustic neuroma: Ithumba elingelomhlaza elikhula kwimithambo-luvo esuka endlebeni iye engqondweni.
- I-BPPV (Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo): Isiyezi esiqatha nesikhawulezileyo esenzeka xa intloko ijikwa kwicala elithile. I-Labyrinthitis okanye i-vestibular neuritis: Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi ngenxa yosulelo okanye ukudumba kwindlebe engaphakathi.
- Isifo sikaMénière: Imeko ebonakala ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwindlebe yangaphakathi, ebangela iimpawu ezifana ne-vertigo, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, kunye nokukhala kweendlebe.
- I-Usher syndrome: Imeko yemfuza echaphazela zombini ukuva nokubona.
Ukuba unale mpawu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha uze ufumane ingcebiso. Musa ukucinga nje ukuba unesifo esisekelwe kulwazi olukwi-intanethi.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-ENG kunye ne-VNG?
Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ne-VNG (Videonystagmography) endaweni ye-ENG. Nangona iziphumo ezilindelekileyo zifana, kukho umahluko omncinci kwindlela ekwenziwa ngayo.
- Kuvavanyo lwe-ENG: Intshukumo yamehlo ilinganiswa ngokuncamathisela iipleyiti ezincinci zesinyithi (ii-electrode) kulusu olujikeleze amehlo akho.
- Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-VNG: Uza kunikwa iiglasi ezikhethekileyo ezisebenzisa iikhamera ze-infrared ukurekhoda iintshukumo zamehlo akho.
Ngamafutshane, nangona kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini, zombini zinika ugqirha ulwazi olufanayo olubalulekileyo malunga nokusebenza kwemithambo-luvo yakho kunye nendlebe yangaphakathi.
Ungenza njani uvavanyo lwe-ENG?
Usenokuziva usoyika kancinci xa ucinga ngolu vavanyo. Kodwa alulovavanyo lubuhlungu. Makhe sijonge okwenzekayo ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kovavanyo.
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Oku akudingi kulungiswa okukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. Ufanele umxelele ngayo yonke into oyithathayo, kuquka iivithamini kunye nezongezo.
- Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukuthatha amayeza athile, ingakumbi amayeza okuthomalalisa okanye amayeza okulwa neentlungu, kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 ngaphambi kovavanyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?
Uvavanyo lwe-ENG ludla ngokwenziwa yingcali ye-audiologist. Lungathatha malunga nemizuzu engama-90.
1. Ukubekwa kwee-electrode: Okokuqala, iidiski ezincinci zesinyithi ezinamathelayo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-electrode zibekwe ngaphezulu, ngaphantsi, nakufutshane neekona zangaphandle zamehlo akho. Enye inokubekwa ebunzini lakho.
2. Igumbi elimnyama: Emva koko uza kuhlala kamnandi esitulweni kwigumbi elimnyama.
3. Iiseshoni zovavanyo: Kulapho uvavanyo luqala khona. Benza izinto ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo ukurekhoda iintshukumo zamehlo akho.
- Amanzi okanye umoya ezindlebeni: Ngononophelo olukhulu, amanzi amancinci afudumeleyo okanye abandayo (okanye umoya) atshizwa ezindlebeni zakho ngamanye amaxesha. Oku kuvuselela imithambo-luvo yakho ye-vestibular, enoxanduva lokulinganisela kwakho. Usenokuziva unesiyezi kancinci ngeli xesha, kodwa oku kuqhelekile kwaye kuya kuphela kwimizuzu embalwa.
- Ukujonga isibane: Kukuxelela ukuba ujonge isibane esihambayo ngaphandle kokushukumisa intloko yakho.
- Intshukumo yentloko: Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze izinto ezifana nokuvuka ngokukhawuleza uhleli, okanye ujike intloko yakho ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?
Xa uvavanyo luphelile, ungaya ekhaya ngokwesiqhelo uqalise imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Nasiphi na isiyezi okanye isicaphucaphu onokusiva ngexesha lovavanyo sidla ngokuphela ngokupheleleyo ngaloo mini.
Ngaba kukho umngcipheko kule nto?
Olu luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu nolungenamngcipheko uphezulu. Ngoko ke musa ukuloyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
Uninzi lwabantu alufumani ngxaki zinzima. Usenokuba neentlungu ezincinci entanyeni okanye emqolo ngenxa yeentshukumo ezikhawulezayo ngexesha lovavanyo.
Amaxesha amaninzi, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba uxinzelelo lokufaka amanzi endlebeni yakho lunokubangela umonakalo omncinci kwi-eardrum yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe wagqobhoka ngaphambili kwi-eardrum yakho, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kuyazi le nto kwaye liya kukuphepha ukufaka amanzi endlebeni yakho. Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngayo.
Zithini iziphumo zovavanyo?
Ukuba amehlo akho akashukumi njengoko bekulindelwe ngexesha lovavanyo, oko kunokubonisa ukuba kukho ubuthathaka okanye umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo ebuchotsheni (imithambo-luvo yentloko). Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zolu hlobo lomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo.
- Iingxaki zemithambo yegazi
- Ukukhula kolusu kwindlebe ephakathi (iCholesteatoma)
- Amayeza athile (umz. amanye amayeza okulwa nemalariya, amayeza okukhupha ulwelo, okanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane)
- Iingxaki zokunyakaza
- Isifo sokugubhuka
- Izifo ezifana ne-rubella
- Ukwenzakala entloko okubuhlungu
Ukuba iziphumo zakho ze-ENG aziqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo (ezifana ne-MRI scan) ukuze kuchongwe unobangela oyintloko. Emva koko baya kufumanisa ukuba loluphi unyango olufunekayo ngokusekelwe kuloo nobangela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ENG luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu nolukhuselekileyo olunceda ekufumaneni unobangela weempawu zakho, ezifana nesiyezi kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
- Oku ikakhulu kujonga ukusebenza kwemithambo-luvo esebuchotsheni bakho elawula amehlo akho, iindlebe, kunye nokulinganisela komzimba.
- Ngexesha lovavanyo, ii-electrode zibekwe zijikeleze amehlo, amanzi okanye umoya uvuthelwa ezindlebeni, kwaye iintshukumo zamehlo zijongwa ngokushukumisa intloko.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha malunga nawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Nokuba iziphumo zovavanyo zithini na, ungoyiki ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto uze ugqibe ngamanyathelo alandelayo oza kuwathatha.
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