Yintoni iSomatostatin? Masifunde ngale hormone imangalisayo emizimbeni yethu!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesithunywa sekhemikhali esingaqhelekanga nesibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Igama laso yi-somatostatin. Usenokuba awuzange uve ngeli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa ubusazi, linceda ukulawula izinto ezininzi emizimbeni yethu, njengengqondo eyimfihlo. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni i-somatostatin, indlela esebenza ngayo, kwaye ibaluleke kangakanani kwimpilo yethu.

Yintoni kanye kanye iSomatostatin?

Ngamafutshane, i-somatostatin yi -hormone eveliswa emizimbeni yethu. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi 'ii-hormone'. Kulula kakhulu. Ii-hormone ziikhemikhali ezithwala imiyalezo phakathi kwamalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba wethu. Zifana 'ne-postmen' emizimbeni yethu. Ezi miyalezo zixelela amalungu ethu, ulusu, kunye nemisipha ukuba zenze into ethile okanye ziyeke ukwenza into ethile.

Ngoko ke, le hormone ikhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatin ikakhulu iyayimisa imveliso yezinye iihomoni, ilawula imisebenzi ethile kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya (indlela yesisu (i-GI), kwaye ilawula nokwahlukana ngokukhawuleza kweeseli (ingakumbi iiseli zomhlaza). Kufana nepolisa lendlela, xa into inzima kakhulu, linika uphawu, "Kulungile, kulungile, yeka ngoku."

Iveliswa phi le somatostatin?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba le hormone imangalisayo ye-somatostatin iveliswa phi emizimbeni yethu. Iveliswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:

• Indlela yesisu (GI): Le yinkqubo yomzimba ende efana nombhobho eqala emlonyeni iye empundu esinceda sitye ukutya esikutyayo. Kulapho amathumbu akho afanele khona.
• I-Pancreas: Le yi-gland ekwisisu sethu. I-gland sisitho esivelisa iikhemikhali ezithile. I-pancreas ivelisa ii-enzymes ezinceda ekugayeni ukutya, kunye neehomoni ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne -insulin kunye ne-glucagon .
• I-Hypothalamus: Le ikwingqondo yethu. Ifana 'neziko lolawulo' lomzimba wethu. Inceda ukugcina i-homeostasis (oko kukuthi, ukugcina imeko yangaphakathi ezinzileyo). Ikwanika imiyalelo kwi-pituitary gland, ekwi-hypothalamus, ukuba ikhuphe iihomoni ezithile.
• Inkqubo Yemithambo-luvo Ephakathi (CNS): Oku kuquka ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo. Kukule nkqubo yemithambo-luvo apho imiyalezo ithunyelwa khona isuka engqondweni iye kuwo wonke umzimba.

Amanye amagama e-somatostatin

ISomatostatin ikwabizwa nangamanye amagama amaninzi. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhankanya elinye lala magama, mhlawumbi ubhekisa kwinto efanayo:

• I-SS, i-SST okanye i-SOM
• Ihomoni yokuthintela ukukhula kwehomoni (GHIH)
• I-Somatotropin release -inhibiting factor (SRIF)
• I-hormone ethintela ukukhululwa kwe-Somatotropin (SRIH)

Ngaba i-somatostatin ikwasetyenziswa njengeyeza?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha basebenzisa i-synthetic somatostatin njengeyeza lokunyanga izifo ezithile. Umzekelo:

• Izifo ezithile zesisu
• I-Acromegaly yimeko engaqhelekanga apho umzimba uvelisa i-growth hormone eninzi kakhulu.
• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neuroendocrine tumors (ii-NET) .
• Ezinye izifo zenkqubo ye-endocrine (oko kukuthi, inkqubo ye-glandular evelisa iihomoni).

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yehomoni ye-somatostatin?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba yintoni umsebenzi ophambili wale hormone ye-somatostatin.

Ngamafutshane, umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuyekisa ukuveliswa kwezinye iihomoni eziveliswa yinkqubo yethu ye-endocrine kunye nokulawula ukukhutshwa kwemveliso ethile evela kwinkqubo ye-exocrine.

'Inkqubo ye-endocrine' ibhekisa kwinkqubo ekhupha iihomoni kwiindlala zomzimba wethu ziye ngqo egazini. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-thyroid gland, i-pituitary gland, kunye neendlala ze-adrenal . 'Inkqubo ye-exocrine' ibhekisa kwinkqubo ekhupha iimveliso ezenziwe ziindlala nge-duct. Imizekelo ibandakanya iindlala zesalivary kunye neendlala zokubila .

Ngoko ke, njengokucima impompo yamanzi, i-somatostatin iyayimisa okwethutyana indlela ezinye iihomoni kunye nokukhupha izinto emzimbeni wethu ezingayidingiyo. Cinga nje, ukuba ushiya impompo yamanzi ivuliwe, amanzi ayachithwa, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, ukuba umzimba uvelisa iihomoni ezingaphezulu kunezo uzifunayo, iingxaki zinokuvela. I-Somatostatin iyayilawula loo nto.

Enye into kukuba i-somatostatin ikwanceda ekuthinteleni iiseli ukuba zingahlukani ngokukhawuleza, njengeeseli zomhlaza.

Ikwasebenza njenge -neurotransmitter kwinkqubo yethu ye-nervous central (CNS). I-neurotransmitter sisithunywa seekhemikhali esikhutshwa yiseli ye-nerve (neuron) ukuze sichaphazele enye iseli.

Indlela i-somatostatin echaphazela ngayo iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu

Ngoku makhe sibone indlela i-somatostatin echaphazela ngayo inxalenye nganye yomzimba wethu:

• Kwi-hypothalamus: I-Somatostatin iyayimisa ukukhutshwa kweehomoni eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland yethu, ezifana ne -growth hormone , i-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) , kunye ne -prolactin .
• Kwipancreas: Apha, i-insulin ,Ithintela ukukhululwa kweehomoni zepancreas ezifana neglucagon kunye ne-gastrin , kwaye ikwalawula ukukhululwa kwee -enzymes zepancreas ezinceda ekugayeni ukutya.
• Kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya (i-GI tract): Inciphisa ukukhupha isisu, okukhuthazwayo xa sisitya. Ikwathintela ukukhutshwa kweehomoni zokugaya ukutya ezifana ne-secretin kunye ne-gastrin .
• Kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (CNS): Apha, inegalelo ekutshintsheni indlela imiyalezo edluliselwa ngayo ngemithambo-luvo (neurotransmission) kunye nendlela iinkumbulo ezikhiwa ngayo.

Yintoni ebangela ukukhululwa kwe-somatostatin?

Kulungile, ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza, 'Ikhutshwa njani le somatostatin? Yintoni ebangela oko?' Ukuthetha inyani, izazinzulu azikayiqondi ngokupheleleyo indlela imizimba yethu elawula ngayo ukukhululwa kwale somatostatin, kunye nezicubu ezibangela ukukhululwa kwayo. Okwangoku, kufunyenwe ukuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli kunye neeproteni ezibandakanyekayo.

Olunye uphando lutyhile ukuba i-glucose , umthombo oyintloko wamandla emzimbeni wethu, ayilawuli nje kuphela ukukhutshwa kwe-somatostatin, kodwa ikwanegalelo ekuvelisweni kwayo. Kolu phononongo, izazinzulu ziqaphele ukuba xa amanqanaba e-glucose egazini ephantsi, i-insulin ivuselela ukukhutshwa kwe-somatostatin (oko kukuthi, iyekisa ukuveliswa kwe-insulin), kwaye xa amanqanaba e-glucose egazini ephezulu , i-glucagon ivuselela ukukhutshwa kwe-somatostatin (oko kukuthi, iyekisa ukuveliswa kwe-glucagon).

Ngamanye amazwi, ekubeni i-insulin yehlisa amanqanaba eswekile egazini, xa iswekile yakho yegazi iphantsi, i-somatostatin iyakhutshwa ukuze ithintele ukuba ingabi phantsi, ukuze kumiswe ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin. Kuyamangalisa indlela izinto ezilawulwa ngayo emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo?

Iingxaki kunye neemeko ezinxulumene neSomatostatin

Ngokwesiqhelo, iingxaki ezinkulu nge-somatostatin azixhaphakanga. Kodwa imeko ephambili eyenzekayo luhlobo olungaqhelekanga kakhulu lomhlaza olubizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatinoma . Olu luqhuma olukhula kwinkqubo ye-endocrine. Olu qhuma lukhula kwi-pancreas okanye kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya (i-GI tract). Oku kubangela ukuveliswa kwe-somatostatin ngokugqithisileyo.

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatinoma, inokwenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga, okanye inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye izifo zemfuza . Ezinye zezi meko zezi:

• I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (uhlobo 1 lwe-MEN):Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu, yemfuza apho iithumba ezininzi zikhula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo ye-endocrine.
• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1): Olu lukwayimeko efunyanwa njengelifa. Lubangela amabala e-café-au-lait kunye neethumba ezingenobungozi eluswini.
• Isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga esidluliselwa kwilifa. Sinokubangela ukuba kubekho iithumba ezinobungozi okanye ezinobungozi engqondweni, emgogodleni, emehlweni, kwizintso, kwipancreas, nakwiindlala zeadrenal.

Xa i-somatostatin iveliswa ngokugqithisileyo, ukuveliswa kwezinye iihomoni ezininzi ze-endocrine kunciphisa kakhulu. Iimpawu zoku zinokufana neempawu zezinye izifo ezininzi. Ke ngoko, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatinoma.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi ngxaki ezinxulumene ne-somatostatin zinqabile kakhulu , nto leyo ethetha ukuba uninzi lwabantu alunanto yakwenza nokukhathazeka ngayo.

Kwakhona, zimbalwa kakhulu iingxelo zokuba amanqanaba e-somatostatin aphantsi kunesiqhelo emzimbeni womntu.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezijonga amanqanaba e-somatostatin?

Ngenxa yokuba iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-somatostatin zinqabile, oogqirha abaqhele ukuvavanya amanqanaba e-somatostatin yomntu wonke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho isikrokro sethumba elingaqhelekanga elivelisa i-somatostatin eninzi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatinoma, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatin-like-immunoreactivity (SLI) luyasetyenziswa ukulichonga.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha malunga namanqanaba am e-somatostatin?

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ukhathazeke ngamanqanaba akho e-somatostatin, kuba zimbalwa kakhulu iingxaki ezinxulumene noku.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ilungu losapho elisondeleyo (umzali okanye umntakwenu) ufunyaniswe ukuba unesifo esifana ne-multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN type 1), neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), okanye isifo seVon Hippel-Lindau, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zizifo ezizuzwe njengelifa, usenokuba sengozini yokufumana i-somatostatinoma. Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba unayo na le meko.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ke, nazi ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako namhlanje:

• I-Somatostatin yi-hormone 'eyintloko' edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu, ilawula ezinye iihomoni.
• Ilawula ikakhulu izinto ezifana nokuveliswa kwezinye iihomoni, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokugaya ukutya, kunye nokwahlukana ngokukhawuleza kweeseli.
• Iingxaki nge-somatostatin zihlala zinqabile kakhulu.Ingxaki ephambili sisimila esingaqhelekanga esibizwa ngokuba yi-somatostatinoma.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onezifo zemfuza ezifana ne -MEN type 1, i-NF1, okanye isifo se-Von Hippel-Lindau , thetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
• Musa ukoyika oku ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi nkqubo zimangalisayo emizimbeni yethu.

Ngoko ke, i-somatostatin sisithako esithuleyo, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu, emizimbeni yethu. Lo gama nje isenza umsebenzi wayo ngokufanelekileyo, akukho nto sinokuyoyika!

I- Somatostatin, iSomatostatin, iHormone, iPancreas, iHypothalamus, iNkqubo yoKugaya ukutya, iSomatostatinoma, iSomatostatinoma, iGHIH, iNkqubo ye-Endocrine, uMhlaza