Ngaba uthe ufuna ukujonga ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho? Masithethe nge-mediastinoscopy!

Ngamanye amaxesha, xa oogqirha becinga ukuba kukho into engalunganga esifubeni sakho, oko kukuthi, indawo ephakathi kwemiphunga yakho, baya kuyalela uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ukuze bafumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye. Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinoscopy. Eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, kodwa namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokucacileyo ngezinto ezininzi, njengokuthi kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto, kutheni yenziwa, indlela eyenziwa ngayo, kunye nokuba kufuneka uyoyike na. Ukuba nawe uxelelwe ngugqirha ukuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo olunjalo, ndiqinisekile ukuba eli bali liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Yintoni le mediastinoscopy?

Ngamafutshane, i-mediastinoscopy yinkqubo yotyando evumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge kakuhle umbindi wesifuba sakho, isithuba esiphakathi kwemiphunga yakho (esibizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinum ngokwezonyango) . Le ndawo likhaya lamalungu abalulekileyo afana nentliziyo yakho, umphimbo wakho , kunye ne-trachea yakho .

Ukujonga njani oku? Oogqirha basebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinoscope . Sifana nombhobho omncinci. Sinokukhanya okuncinci kunye nekhamera kwelinye icala. Ugqirha angabona oko ikhamera ikubonayo kwisikrini. Olunye uphawu olukhethekileyo lwesi sixhobo kukuba sinokuthatha isampuli yezicubu , i-lymph node (ezi ziindawo zenkqubo elwa nesifo emzimbeni wethu), okanye nantoni na engaqhelekanga, njengeqhubu, size silithumele kwilebhu.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweMediastinotomy kunye neMediastinoscopy?

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngelinye igama elithi, i-mediastinotomy. Zombini ezi nkqubo ziquka ukujonga indawo ephakathi kwesifuba ebizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinum kunye nokuthatha iisampuli apho. Zombini ezi nkqubo zikwasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba isifo esifana nomhlaza sisasazekile na.

Kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci. Kwi-mediastinotomy, umngxuma omncinci wenziwa ngqo esifubeni, oko kuthetha ukuba kwenziwa umngxuma eluswini ukuze kubekho indlela. Kwi-mediastinoscopy, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci kakhulu kwaye kufakwa ityhubhu ebizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinoscope. Nangona i-mediastinotomy ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone indawo engakumbi, umngxuma mkhulu kancinci kwaye ixesha lokuphiliswa lide kancinci. Kwi-mediastinoscopy, umngxuma uncinci, ngoko ke ukuphiliswa kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni i-mediastinoscopy yenziwa?

Kusenokuba nezizathu ezininzi zokuba ugqirha angakucela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo.

• Isizathu esiphambili kukujonga ngononophelo ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ingxaki na kwindawo ephakathi kwemiphunga emibini (i-mediastinum).
• Thatha ii-lymph nodes apho uze ujonge ukuba unesifo somhlaza na.Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza ovela kwenye indawo usasazeke na kwezi lymph nodes.
• Ukuba unomhlaza emiphungeni yakho, i-thymus gland (kwaye idlala elincinci elisesifubeni esingaphezulu), okanye i-esophagus, olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni ubukhali, okanye inqanaba, lomhlaza .
• Nangona kungenzeki rhoqo, oku kungenziwa ngamanye amaxesha ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unentsholongwane emiphungeni .
• Ingafumanisa nezifo ezifana ne -lymphoma, i-sarcoidosis (isifo esibangela ukudumba okuncinci kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba), okanye i-mesothelioma (uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga) .

Ngaba kukho abantu abangafuniyo ukwenza olu vavanyo?

Ewe, ayinguye wonke umntu onokwenza i-mediastinoscopy. Abanye abantu basenokungafaneleki kule nkqubo. Umzekelo:

• Abantu abanethumba elingasebenziyo nelikhulu kakhulu ukuba lingasuswa ngotyando.
• Abantu abakhe benza i-mediastinoscopy ngaphambili (njengoko kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kwisihlandlo sesibini).
• Abantu abaye bafumana unyango lwe-radiation kwindawo yesifuba (kuba izicubu ezikuloo ndawo zisenokuba zitshintshile).

Ngenxa yezizathu ezinje, kuxhomekeke kugqirha ukuba agqibe ukuba olu vavanyo lufanelekile kuwe okanye akunjalo.

Ngubani owenza le mediastinoscopy?

Oku kwenziwa ngugqirha wentliziyo okanye ugqirha oqhelekileyo . Kwenziwa nakwigumbi lotyando . Kuba, ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo ngequbuliso, njengokuphuma kwegazi okuninzi kunokuba bekulindelwe, kufuneka ulungele ukuya kutyando olukhulu ukuze uyilawule (oko kukuthi, utyando olusika ithambo eliphakathi lesifuba - i-sternotomy , okanye utyando olusika phakathi kweembambo - i-thoracotomy) . Ke ngoko, oku kwenziwa kwindawo enezo zibonelelo.

Ulungiselela njani oku?

Nje ukuba ucwangciselwe i-mediastinoscopy, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilungiselele kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kwangaphambili.

• Kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo oluyalelwe ngugqirha wakho, olunokubandakanya i-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi wamaphaphu .
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuwathatha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo . Cela ugqirha wakho imiyalelo ethile.
• Uza kucelwa ukuba uyeke ukutya nokusela kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ube nesisu esingenanto.

Ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela loo miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.

Ingaba olu luvavanyo lwangosuku olunye?

Ewe, uninzi lwexesha ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olunye ne-mediastinoscopy yakho (inkqubo yokunyanga ngaphandle) . Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga ukuba ungenza na ezi zinto:

• Ngaba ungahamba ngaphandle koncedo?
• Ngaba ungasela izinto ezimanzi ezifana namanzi ?
• Ngaba uyakwazi ukuchama ngokwesiqhelo?
• Ngaba ungazilawula iintlungu zakho ? (Oko kukuthi, ingaba iintlungu zincitshisiwe ngamayeza owasebenzisayo?)

Ukuba ezi zinto zilungile, ndiza kukuvumela ukuba ugoduke.

Yenziwa njani kanye kanye le mediastinoscopy?

Ngoku makhe sibone indlela yokwenza olu vavanyo inyathelo ngenyathelo.

1. Okokuqala, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo . Oku kuthetha ukuba uza kube ulele ngokupheleleyo kwaye awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lonke lenkqubo. Eli yeza linikwa nge-cannula efakwe emthanjeni engalweni yakho.

2. Emva koko kufakwa ityhubhu yokuphefumla emqaleni wakho . Oku kuthetha ukuba umatshini uza kukwenza ukuphefumla kwakho ngexesha lovavanyo.

3. Emva koko, ugqirha uza kwenza umsikelo omncinci kakhulu, malunga ne-intshi ubude, ngaphezulu kwesifuba sakho, ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho.

4. Ngaloo mqamlo , kufakwa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinoscope endikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.

5. Emva koko yithathe kancinci uye kwindawo ofuna ukuyibona.

6. Kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezincinci ezikwisixhobo, iisampulu zingathathwa kwii-lymph nodes okanye kwezinye iindawo ezibonakala zingaqhelekanga, okanye kwaneqhubu elincinci lingasuswa ngokupheleleyo.

7. Xa umsebenzi ugqityiwe, i-mediastinoscope iyasuswa.

8. Gquma loo mgca mncinci ngentambo enyibilikayo okanye ngeplasta yokuncamathelisa.

9. Emva koko uza kuvuswa kwi-anesthesia kwaye umbhobho wokuphefumla uza kususwa.

Khawucinge nje, konke oku kwenzeka ngelixa ulele ubuthongo. Ngoko awuva nto.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani oku?

I-mediastinoscopy idla ngokuthatha malunga neyure ukwenza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kungathatha ixesha elide ukuba ugqirha kufuneka ajonge nzulu kancinci, athathe iisampulu ezingaphezulu, okanye ukuba kwenzeka ingxaki ngequbuliso (njengokopha) kwaye ifuna utyando olukhulu, olufana ne -sternotomy okanye i- thoracotomy ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, ukuze ilawulwe.

Linjani ixesha lokuchacha emva kovavanyo?

Uza kuziva ulele kancinci kangangeeyure ezimbalwa emva kokuba uvukile emva kokusebenzisa i-anesthesia.Oku kuqhelekile. Ukuba awuziva ntlungu ingako emva kovavanyo, ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo angakuyisa ekhaya ngemoto. Awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba ngaloo mini kuba uza kuba uphantsi kwe-anesthesia.

Umlomo wakho nomqala wakho uza kuziva ungenamthungo kangangeeyure ezimbalwa. Oku kungenxa yombhobho wokuphefumla. Ngenxa yokhuseleko lwakho, oogqirha abayi kukuvumela ukuba utye okanye usele de ungenamthungo uphele. Ngosuku olulandelayo, usenokuba nokukhwehlela, ukurhawuzelela, umphimbo obuhlungu, kunye nentlungu ethile kwindawo yokusikwa . Ezi zinto ziya kuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kovavanyo, ungenza ne-X-ray yesifuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki kwimiphunga yakho.

Ingaba oku kubuhlungu?

Ewe, kunokubakho iintlungu apho uvavanyo lwenziwe khona. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza entlungu kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza afunekayo. Ukuba uwathatha ngexesha elifanelekileyo, iintlungu zingalawulwa kakhulu.

Zithini iingozi?

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-mediastinoscopy ayibangeli naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, abanye abantu banokuhlangabezana nezi zinto zilandelayo:

• I-pneumonia (usulelo lwemiphunga).
• I-Pneumothorax (umphunga ozaliswa ngumoya uze ube mncinci kunesiqhelo. Oku kunokufuna ukuba kufakwe ityhubhu encinci ukuze kususwe umoya.)
• Ukopha. (Ixesha elininzi oku kuncinci, kodwa kunqabile ukuba kube nzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba kufuneke utyando.)
• Inxeba elisulelekileyo.

Ukuba sithetha ngengozi yokufa kweli tyala, yimali encinci kakhulu, malunga ne-0.09 ekhulwini. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphantsi komntu omnye kwishumi lamawaka abenza olu vavanyo (malunga nesithoba kwishumi lamawaka) banomngcipheko omkhulu kangaka. Ngoko ke akukho nto inokubangela ixhala ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni kukho umngcipheko omncinci kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yotyando, kulungile ukukwazi oko.

Yeyiphi ingxaki eqhelekileyo?

Ukopha yingxaki eqhelekileyo kancinci kunezinye iingxaki, kodwa idla ngokulawuleka.

Zinjani iziphumo? Zisixelela ntoni?

Ulwazi olufunyenwe emva kokuba isampuli ye-biopsy ethathwe ngexesha le-mediastinoscopy yakho ithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe luya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise inqanaba lomhlaza wakho. Inqanaba lomhlaza wakho kukuba ithumba likhulu kangakanani kwaye nokuba lisasazeke na kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwiindawo ezikude. Olu lwazi luya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwazi iziphumo?

Kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi ukuba iisampulu zezicubu zihlalutywe kwilebhu.Emva koko, ukuba kuqinisekisiwe ukuba unomhlaza, ugqirha uya kufuna ixesha elingakumbi lokwenza isicwangciso sonyango esikufaneleyo ngokusekelwe kwezo ziphumo. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ube nomonde ude ufumane iziphumo.

Kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha nini?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokuba ubuyile ekhaya, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane.

• Ukuba iintlungu zesifuba ziyanda, okanye ukuba kuvela iintlungu zesifuba ezintsha.
• Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane ombi.
• Ukuba kunzima ukuphefumla, ukuba kufana nomkhuhlane.
• Ukuba indawo eqatywe kuyo ibomvu kakhulu, idumbile, kwaye ubomvu buphuma.

Musa ukuzityeshela izinto ezinje.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule koku?

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono i-mediastinoscopy esithethe ngayo namhlanje.

Khumbula, olu luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kwiimeko ezininzi. Ugqirha uya kuyalela oku ukuze aqonde kakuhle imeko yakho aze akunike unyango olungcono olufunayo.

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Baza kukuchazela yonke into. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo. Emva koko yonke into iza kuhamba kakuhle. Ndikunqwenelela impilo ekhawulezileyo!

I- Mediastinoscopy, Uvavanyo lwemiphunga, Utyando lwesifuba, Ama-lymph nodes, Ukuxilongwa komhlaza, Izifo zokuphefumla