Ukuqonda iTestosterone: Oko Ufanele Ukwazi Ngeli Hormone Libalulekileyo

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge- 'testosterone ' `( testosterone )`. Ligama elidla ngokunxulunyaniswa namandla endoda, amandla, kunye nenkangeleko yayo. Nangona kunjalo, le hormone ibalulekileyo ayiphelelanga kumadoda kuphela. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-testosterone, isebenza njani, kwaye ichaphazela njani umzimba wakho.

Yintoni kanye kanye iTestosterone?

Ukuze siqonde indima yayo, masiqale ngezinto ezisisiseko. Ngamafutshane, i-testosterone yi- hormone . Iveliswa ngokuyintloko zi-sex glands zakho, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-'(gonads)' zakho. Ngokukodwa, iveliswa kuma -testicles '(testicles)' kumadoda, nakwi- ovari '( ovari )' kubasetyhini.

Ukongeza, ii-adrenal glands zakho `(i-adrenal glands)` zivelisa i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-dehydroepiandrosterone `(Dehydroepiandrosterone – DHEA)`. Umzimba wakho emva koko uguqula le `(DHEA)` ibe ngamanye ama-hormone , kuquka i-testosterone kunye ne-estrogen `(estrogen)`.

I-Testosterone yeyona androgen iphambili `(androgen)` . I-androgen yi-hormone ekhuthaza uphuhliso lweempawu zamadoda. Ngenxa yoku, amadoda ngokwendalo anamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-testosterone emizimbeni yawo.

Ngaba iTestosterone yiSteroid?

Usenokuzibuza, "Ingaba i-testosterone yi-steroid?" Ewe, i-testosterone yendalo ngokwenene yi-steroid —ehlelwe ngokukodwa njenge-anabolic-androgenic steroid `(anabolic-androgenic steroid)`. I-"Anabolic" `(Anabolic)` ibhekisa ekwakheni izihlunu, ngelixa i-"androgenic" `(androgenic)` ibhekisa kuphuhliso lweempawu zesini zamadoda.

Nangona kunjalo, xa abantu bethetha nge-"anabolic steroids" `(anabolic steroids)`, badla ngokuthetha ngeenguqulelo ze-testosterone ezenziwe ngumntu (ezenziwe ngumntu) ezenziwe kwilebhu. Ezi zizinto ngamanye amaxesha ezifakwa okanye zithathwe ngendlela engafanelekanga.

Ngokwembono yezonyango, iingcali zonyango zinika i-testosterone yokwenziwa ukunyanga nokulawula iimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Umzekelo, yeyona nto iphambili esetyenziswayo ekwenzeni unyango lweehomoni lube yindoda (unyango lweHormone oluMasculinizing)`.

Ngelishwa, abanye abadlali bezemidlalo kunye nabakhi bomzimba basebenzisa kakubi i-testosterone yokwenziwa (ii-anabolic steroids) ngeedosi eziphezulu ukuphucula ukusebenza okanye ukutshintsha inkangeleko yabo yomzimba. Olu hlobo lokusetyenziswa gwenxa lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lunokubangela iingxaki zempilo eziyingozi ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi (ukuqhekeka kwegazi)`, istroke` (ukubetha kwentliziyo)`, kwaye lunokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza weprostate` (umhlaza weprostate )`. Ukusebenzisa ezi zinto ngaphandle kolwalathiso lukagqirha kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye akukhuthazwa.

Yintoni eyenziwa yiTestosterone emzimbeni wakho?

Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye indima ye-testosterone `(Testosterone)` emzimbeni wakho? Imisebenzi yayo iyatshintsha kwaye ihlengahlengiswe kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo obomi bakho. Makhe sijonge indlela esebenza ngayo kwezi zigaba zibalulekileyo:

• Uphuhliso lwe-Fetal `(Uphuhliso lwe-Fetal)`
• Ukufikisa kwamadoda `(Ukufikisa kwabantwana abangamakhwenkwe)`
• Ubudala `(Ubudala)`

Indima yeTestosterone kuPhuhliso lweSibeleko

Njengoko umntwana ongekazalwa ekhula esibelekweni, i-gene echonga isini kwi-chromosome ye-Y ibangela ukuphuhliswa kwama-testes '(ama-testicles)' kuma-fetus angamaduna malunga neeveki ezisixhenxe zokukhulelwa. La ma-testes emva koko aqala ukuvelisa i-testosterone.

Ngeli nqanaba losana olungekazalwa, i-testosterone yeyona nto ibangela ukuba umntwana abe nesifo.ukuze kulawulwe uphuhliso lwamalungu okuzala angaphakathi nangaphandle endoda.

I-Testosterone Ngexesha Lokufikisa Kwamadoda

Xa inkwenkwe ingena ebusheni, i-testosterone iqhuba utshintsho olukhulu oluvela emzimbeni. Oku kuquka:

• Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kokuphakama.
• Ukukhula kweenwele zomzimba, zobuso, nezesinqe.
• Ukwanda kwepenis `(penis)`, amasende `(testes)`, kunye neprostate gland `(prostate gland)`.
• Ukwanda kwenkanuko yesini `(i-libido)` kunye nokuqonda ngesondo.

I-Testosterone kumadoda amadala

Xa amadoda ekhulile, afuna i-testosterone ukuze avelise isidoda . Ukongeza, inceda:

• Nika umzimba wakho umqondiso wokuba uvelise iiseli ezintsha ezibomvu zegazi.
• Gcina amathambo kunye nobunzima bemisipha buqinile.
• Lawula inkanuko yesini `(i-libido)` kwaye uxhase imeko yesimo sengqondo esizinzileyo.

I-Testosterone kubafazi abadala

Usenokuzibuza, "Ngaba abafazi nabo bayayidinga i-testosterone?" Ngokuqinisekileyo. Kwabasetyhini, i-testosterone idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni inkanuko yesini '(i-libido)'. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwe-testosterone eveliswa zii-ovari '(ii-ovari)' iguqulwa ibe yi-estradiol '(estradiol)' , eyi-hormone yesini yabasetyhini ephambili.

Ilawulwa Njani Inqanaba Lakho LeTestosterone?

Umzimba wakho uwagcina njani amanqanaba e-testosterone `(Testosterone)` egazini lakho? Ixhomekeke kwinkqubo yokuphendula yangaphakathi ephucukileyo kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, amanqanaba e-testosterone yakho aphezulu kusasa kwaye ayehla kancinci kancinci njengoko usuku luqhubeka.

Ubungakanani be-testosterone eveliswayo nekhutshwa yi-gonads yakho `(gonads)`—amasende akho `(amasende)` okanye ama-ovari `(ama-ovari)`—bulawulwa ziindawo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo engqondweni yakho: i-hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)` kunye ne-pituitary gland `(i-pituitary gland)`.

Nantsi inkcazo yendlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo:

1. I-hypothalamus yakho `(Hypothalamus)` ikhupha i-gonadotropin-releasing hormone `(i-Gonadotropin-releasing hormone – GnRH)`.

2. Le `(GnRH)` inika i-pituitary gland yakho `(i-pituitary gland)` ukuba ikhuphe i-luteinizing hormone `(i-Luteinizing hormone – LH)`.

3. I-`(LH)` ihamba ngegazi lakho ukuya kwi-gonads zakho`(gonads)`, izikhuthaza ukuba zivelise kwaye zikhuphe i-testosterone. (Kwii-ovari zabasetyhini,`(LH)` ngokuyintloko ivuselela ukuveliswa kwe-estrogen`(estrogen)` kunye ne-progesterone`(progesterone)`.)

Njengoko amanqanaba e-testosterone egazini lakho enyuka, abonisa i-hypothalamus ukuba inciphise ukukhutshwa kwe-`(GnRH)`. Le mpendulo engalunganga inceda ukugcina i-testosterone yakho ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, isebenza njenge- thermostat ezenzekelayo .

Ukuba nayiphi na inxalenye yale loop—i-hypothalamus `(Hypothalamus)`, i-pituitary gland `(Pituitary gland)`, okanye i-gonads `(gonads)`—ayisebenzi kakuhle, inokukhokelela kumanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-testosterone.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezilinganisa amanqanaba eTestosterone?

Ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukrokrela ukuba amanqanaba akho e-testosterone `(Testosterone)` angaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, unokucebisa uvavanyo lwegazi olunye okanye ngaphezulu, kuquka:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo lwe-testosterone `(Uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo lwe-testosterone)`: Oku kwenziwa rhoqo kusasa xa amanqanaba akho e-testosterone ephezulu.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi oluvuselela i-follicle `(i-follicle-stimulating hormone – FSH)`.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-Luteinizing hormone `(Luteinizing hormone – LH)`.

Zithini iiNqanaba zeTestosterone eziqhelekileyo ngokobudala?

Zithini iireferensi eziqhelekileyo ze-testosterone `(Testosterone)`? La maxabiso alinganiswa ngee-nanograms nge-deciliter `(ng/dL)` nganye.

Nceda ugcine engqondweniukuba oko kuthathwa njengento "eqhelekileyo" kunokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kuvavanyo oluthile lwegazi olusetyenzisiweyo kunye nelebhu `(ilebhu)` ehlalutya isampuli yakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kuhlala etolika iziphumo zakho ngokusekelwe kuluhlu oluthile lwereferensi olubonelelwe yilebhu yovavanyo. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga namanani akho, kungcono uxoxe ngawo ngokuthe ngqo nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Nazi izikhokelo eziqhelekileyo zamanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-testosterone:

Amanqanaba eTestosterone aqhelekileyo kumadoda `(ng/dL)`:

• Iinyanga ezi-0 ukuya kwezi-5: 75 – 400
• Iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka eli-9: Ngaphantsi kweminyaka esi-7
• Iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-11: 7 – 130
• Iminyaka eli-12 ukuya kweli-13: 7 – 800
• Iminyaka eli-14: 7 – 1,200
• Iminyaka eli-15 ukuya kweli-16: 100 – 1,200
• Iminyaka eli-17 ukuya kweli-18: 300 – 1,200
• Iminyaka eli-19 nangaphezulu: 240 – 950

Amanqanaba eTestosterone aqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini `(ng/dL)`:

• Iinyanga ezi-0 ukuya kwezi-5: 20 – 80
• Iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka eli-9: Ngaphantsi kweminyaka esi-7
• Iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-11: 7 – 44
• Iminyaka eli-12 ukuya kweli-16: 7 – 75
• Iminyaka eli-17 ukuya kweli-18: 20 – 75
• Iminyaka eli-19 nangaphezulu: 8 – 60

Nceda uqaphele: La manani ziindlela eziqhelekileyo zokubhekisela kuzo. Ukuthetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqonda ukuba ezi ziphumo zithetha ukuthini kwiprofayili yakho yempilo eyahlukileyo.

Yintoni ebangela amanqanaba aphezulu eTestosterone?

Iimeko ezininzi zonyango zinokubangela ukuba umzimba wakho uvelise i-testosterone egqithisileyo (i-Testosterone)`. Nazi ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo:

• I-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome `(I-Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome – PCOS)`: Oku kukungalingani kwamahomoni okuxhaphakileyo okuchaphazela abantu abanee-ovaries. Ii-ovaries zivelisa ii-androgens ezininzi `(androgens)`, ingakumbi i-testosterone. Oku kungalingani kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nokukhula kweenwele okungafunekiyo, i-acne, kunye nokuya exesheni okungaqhelekanga.
• I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia `(Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia – CAH)`: `(CAH)` liqela leengxaki zemfuza `(utshintsho lwemfuza)` ezibangela ukunqongophala kwee-enzymes ezibalulekileyo `(ii-enzymes)` kwi-adrenal glands. Ezi enzymes ziyimfuneko ukwenza i-cortisol `(i-cortisol)`—i-hormone enceda umzimba wakho uphendule kuxinzelelo. Ngaphandle kwazo, ii-adrenal glands zivelisa ezinye ii-hormone ngokugqithisileyo, kubandakanya ne-testosterone.
• Iithumba zesibeleko okanye zamasende `(Iithumba zesibeleko okanye zamasende)`: Ezinye iithumba zesibeleko okanye zamasende zinokukhupha inani eliphezulu le-androgens `(androgen)`.
• Ii-Adrenal tumors `(Ii-Adrenal tumors)`: Nangona zingaqhelekanga, ii-tumors ezithile kwi-adrenal glands zinokuvelisa ii-hormone zesini ezigqithisileyo, kuquka ii-androgens (testosterone), i-estrogen `(estrogen)`, okanye zombini.

Iziphumo ze-testosterone ephezulu `(Testosterone)` emzimbeni wakho ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwisini sakho esabelwe ekuzalweni kwakho kunye nobudala bakho.

I-Testosterone ephezulu kumadoda

Kumadoda amadala, amanqanaba aphezulu e-testosterone ayenzeka ngokwemvelo anqabile kwaye adla ngokungabonisi zimpawu zibonakalayo ngokwawo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amakhwenkwe amancinci anamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-testosterone, oko kunokubangela ukufikisa kwangethuba (kwasekuqaleni) `(ukufikisa kwangethuba)` , oko kuthetha ukuba ukufikisa kuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka elithoba.

I-Testosterone ephezulu kwabasetyhini

Kwiintsana ezingamabhinqa, amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-testosterone anokubangela amalungu esini angacacanga, njenge-clitoris ekhulisiweyo. Kumantombazana amancinci, oku kunokukhokelela ekufikiseni kwangethuba (kwasekuqaleni) `(ukufikisa kwangethuba)`, apho ukufikisa kuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka esibhozo.

Kwabasetyhini abadala, i-testosterone ephezulu idla ngokuba luphawu oluphambili lwePolycystic Ovary Syndrome `(PCOS)` . Le yimeko exhaphakileyo, echaphazela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15% yabasetyhini abakwiminyaka yokuzala.

`(PCOS)` ingakhokelela kwiimpawu ezifana nezi:

• I-acne ebuhlungu kakhulu `(I-Acne)`.
• Ukukhula kweenwele ngokugqithisileyo ebusweni nasemzimbeni (imeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hirsutism `(hirsutism)`).
• Ukuya exesheni okungavumelekanga okanye okungavumelekanga `(Ukuya exesheni okungavumelekanga)`.
• Iinwele ezinciphayo okanye eziba yimpandla njengeepateni zamadoda.
• Ukujula kwelizwi.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba amanqanaba akho e-Testosterone aphantsi?

Masixoxe ngento eyenzekayo xa amanqanaba e-testosterone `(Testosterone)` ehla ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo . Ngokubanzi, i-testosterone ephantsi ibangela iimpawu ezibonakalayo ikakhulu kumadoda, imeko eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-male hypogonadism `(male hypogonadism)`.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili ze-hypogonadism yamadoda (i-hypogonadism yamadoda): i-classical (enokuvela okanye ifumaneke) kunye ne-late-onset.

I-hypogonadism yamadoda eqhelekileyo `(I-hypogonadism yamadoda eqhelekileyo)` yenzeka xa imeko yezonyango engaphantsi, ukwenzakala, okanye isifo sichaphazela amasende `(amasende)`, i-pituitary gland `(i-pituitary gland)`, okanye i-hypothalamus `(i-hypothalamus)`. Oku kunokuba yinto yokuzalwa (ekhoyo ukususela ekuzalweni, njenge-Klinefelter syndrome `(i-Klinefelter syndrome)` okanye i-Kallmann syndrome `(i-Kallmann syndrome)`) okanye ifunyanwe kamva ebomini ngenxa yokwenzakala, usulelo, okanye ezinye izifo (ezifunyenweyo).

I-hypogonadism yamadoda eqala emva kwexesha `(i-hypogonadism yamadoda eqala emva kwexesha)` ibangelwa kukwaluphala kunye neemeko zempilo ezinxulumene nobudala, ingakumbi ukutyeba `(ukutyeba kakhulu)` kunye nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini `(isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini)`. Le meko ichaphazela malunga ne-2% yamadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala.

Iimpawu ze-testosterone ephantsi zixhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni iqala nini ukungabikho kwayo emzimbeni.

I-Testosterone ephantsi ngexesha lophuhliso losana olusandul' ukuzalwa

Ukunqongophala kwe-testosterone `(Testosterone deficiency)` ngexesha lokukhula kwe-fetus kunokuthintela ukwakheka kweempawu zomzimba eziqhelekileyo zendoda. Umzekelo oyintloko woku yi-Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome `(Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome – AIS)`, eyenzeka xa i-fetus yendoda ngokwemfuza ingakwazi ukuphendula kwi-androgens `(androgens)` (ii-hormone zesini zamadoda).

`(AIS)` ihlelwa njengengxaki yophuhliso lwesondo `(ingxaki yokwahluka kwesondo)`. Ichaphazela uphuhliso lwesondo esibelekweni nakwixesha lokufikisa. Ngenxa yoko, amalungu okuzala aqhelekileyo esilisa asenokungakhuli ngokupheleleyo, kwaye abantu badla ngokuchaphazeleka kukungazali `(ukungazali)` xa sele bekhulile.

I-Testosterone ephantsi ngexesha lokufikisa

Ukuba inkwenkwe ifumana ukungabikho kwe-testosterone `(ukungabikho kwe-Testosterone)` ngexesha lokufikisa, oku kunokulibazisa okanye kuphazamise uphuhliso, oku kukhokelela:

• Isantya sokukhula esicothayo, nangona iingalo nemilenze zinokukhula zibe zinde ngokungalinganiyo xa kuthelekiswa nomzimba.
• Uboya obuncinci okanye obungekhoyo entlokweni nasemzimbeni.
• Ukukhula okunciphileyo kwepenis `(penis)` kunye nesende `(testicles)`.
• Ukusilela kwelizwi ukujula.
• Ukuncipha kwamandla omzimba kunye nokuqina komzimba xa kuthelekiswa noontanga.

I-Testosterone ephantsi kumadoda amadala

Nangona ukwehla kancinci kancinci kwe-testosterone `(Testosterone)` kuyinxalenye yendalo yokwaluphala, ukwehla okukhulu kobuntu obudala kunokuvelisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo, eziquka:

• Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha ngendlela engachazekiyo kunye nokunyuka kwamafutha emzimbeni.
• Ukulahlekelwa buboya bomzimba nobobuso.
• Imo yokudakumba `(Imo yokudakumba)` okanye ukucaphuka.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile `(Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile)`.
• Umnqweno wesondo ophantsi `(Umnqweno wesondo ophantsi)`.
• Amathambo abhityileyo okanye abuthathaka, aziwa ngokuba yi-osteoporosis `(Osteoporosis)`.
• Ubunzima bokugxila okanye utshintsho kwimemori.

Ufanele Udibane Nogqirha Nini Malunga Namanqanaba E-Testosterone Yakho?

Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ze-testosterone ephezulu okanye ephantsi (iTestosterone) kuwe, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho . Banokukunika uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lokuxilonga okanye bakuthumele kwingcali (ingcali)`, efana ne-endocrinologist, ukukunceda ufumane iimpendulo.

I-Testosterone ibalulekile kwimpilo-ntle yakho iyonke kunye nempilo yokuzala. Nangona kungokwemvelo ukuba amanqanaba eehomoni zakho atshintshe ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ukungalingani okuqhubekayo kunokubangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo kwaye kuchaphazele umgangatho wobomi bakho. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu oluya kunceda ukubuyisela ibhalansi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo: Oko Ufanele Ukukhumbule

Masishwankathele amanqaku abalulekileyo malunga ne-testosterone ekufuneka uhlale ukhumbula:

• I-Testosterone `(Testosterone)` yi-hormone ebalulekileyo kumadoda nakubafazi. Nangona kunjalo, ikhona kumanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu kumadoda kwaye ibalulekile kwiimpawu zomzimba zamadoda.
• Yi-steroid `(steroid)` eyenzeka ngokwendalo emzimbeni wakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwee-anabolic steroids zokwenziwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kuyingozi kwaye kuneengozi ezinkulu empilweni.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu naphantsi e-testosterone anokubangela iingxaki zempilo. Ukuchonga unobangela ngoncedo lukagqirha kubalulekile ekufumaneni unyango olufanelekileyo.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-hormones engalinganiyo okanye uneempawu ezingaqhelekanga, ungathandabuzi okanye uzive uneentloni ukuthetha nogqirha. Ugqirha wakho ukhona ukukunceda, kwaye ukufuna isikhokelo sezonyango lelona nyathelo lilungileyo onokulithatha.

Khumbula, ukubeka impilo yakho phambili luphawu lokuba unamandla. Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukunxibelelana nengcali yezempilo nanini na xa unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nomzimba wakho.

Iithegi: I-Testosterone, iiHormones, Impilo yamadoda, Impilo yabasetyhini, Ukufikisa, iiHormones zesini, i-Hypogonadism