Yintoni uMngxunya Wesifuba? Masifunde ngayo ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba yintoni ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho kwaye injani? Sonke sinesifuba, kodwa asazi okuninzi ngehlabathi elimangalisayo elingaphakathi kuso, akunjalo? Loo ndawo ibalulekileyo esifubeni yileyo siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Thoracic Cavity'. Njengesithuba esingaphakathi esiswini sethu, sisithuba sesibini ngobukhulu emzimbeni wethu.

Ibaluleke ngantoni i-thoracic cavity?

Ngamafutshane, umngxuma wesifuba sakho ufana nebhokisi ekhuselekileyo equlethe izinto ezininzi ezixabisekileyo . Ingaphakathi kweli bhokisi equlethe amalungu, izicubu, kunye namalungu abalulekileyo esifubeni sakho. La malungu kunye nezicubu zinceda uninzi lweenkqubo zomzimba wakho ukuba zisebenze kakuhle. Umzekelo:

• Inkqubo yakho yentliziyo nemithambo yegazi - oko kukuthi, izinto ezinxulumene nentliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Inkqubo yakho yokwetyisa - iindawo ezikunceda ekugayeni ukutya.
• Inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba - yinkqubo ekukhusela kwizifo.
• Inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo - izinto ezithwala kwaye zifumana imiyalezo evela engqondweni.
• Inkqubo yakho yokuphefumla - yonke into enxulumene nokuphefumla kwakho.

Uyabona? Umqolo wesifuba ubaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke le nto.

Ngawaphi amalungu omzimba angaphakathi kwisifuba?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi izitho ezingaphakathi kwesi sitho sibizwa ngokuba yi-thoracic cavity. Kukho izitho ezintlanu eziphambili:

• Umqala: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-food pipe. Ngumbhobho othwala ukutya okutyayo ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya esiswini.
• Intliziyo: Akukho mfuneko yokuthetha ngale nto. Ifana nomatshini opompa igazi emzimbeni wethu wonke.
• Imiphunga: Xa siphefumla, itsala umoya, ikhuphe ioksijini kuwo, ize ikhuphe ikharbon diokside, nto leyo engumsebenzi omangalisayo.
• I-Thymus: Le yindlala enceda kakhulu ekwakheni amasosha omzimba, ingakumbi ngexesha lobuntwana.
• I-Trachea: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-bronchi . Umoya esiwuphefumlayo uthwalwa uye emiphungeni ngale tube.

La ngamalungu omzimba aphambili. Ngalinye lawo ligcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphakathi kwesi sitho ukuze lenze umsebenzi walo ngokufanelekileyo.

Iphi indawo yesifuba?

Umqolo wakho wesifuba ungaphakathi esifubeni sakho. Ujikelezwe ngamathambo kunye nemisipha eyenza udonga lwesifuba sakho. Ngamafutshane, uqala ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho uze udlulele apho i-rib cage yakho iphela khona.

Ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, imida yale ndawo yesifuba yile ilandelayo:

Umda ophezulu

Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-superior thoracic aperture.Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-'thoracic inlet' okanye 'i-thoracic outlet'. Oku kufana nomnyango osezantsi kwentamo yakho. Lo mnyango kulapho intamo nesifuba sakho zidibana khona. Umphimbo wakho kunye ne-trachea zingena emngxunyeni wesifuba ngalo mnyango. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa imithambo yegazi emininzi, imithambo-luvo, kunye nezinye izakhiwo zidlula kuwo.

Umda ongezantsi

Umda ongezantsi yi -diaphragm yakho. Sisihlunu esikhulu, esimile okwedome. Sifumaneka ngaphantsi kwentliziyo nemiphunga yakho. Sahlula umngxuma wesifuba sakho kumngxuma wesisu sakho. Uninzi lwemithambo yegazi, imithambo-luvo, kunye nezicubu ezihamba phakathi kwesifuba sakho nesisu sakho zidlula kule diaphragm. Umzekelo, i-aorta, i-esophagus, kunye ne-vagus nerve zidlula kuyo.

Umda ongaphambili

Umda ongaphambili yithambo lesifuba sakho (sternum) . Eli likwabizwa ngokuba yithambo eliphakathi lesifuba sakho. Eli lithambo elide, elithe nkqo elihamba phakathi kwesifuba sakho.

Umda ongasemva

Umda ongasemva ngumqolo wakho wesifuba . Le yindawo ephakathi yomqolo wakho. Ngokuchanekileyo, isuka ezantsi kwentamo yakho ukuya apho isiphelo sembambo zakho siphela khona.

Imida esecaleni

Imida kumacala omabini yiimbambo zakho. Uneembambo ezili-12. Ezi ziza zijikeleze kumacala omabini omzimba wakho kwaye zikhusela izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kwesifuba sakho. Kufana nekheyiji, akunjalo?

Zithini iindawo zomngxuma wesifuba?

Khawuthelekelele umngxuma wakho wesifuba njengendlu enkulu enamagumbi amaninzi . Ngaphakathi kule ndlu kukho 'amagumbi' amathathu aphambili:

• Umgodi wepleural wasekunene: Lo ukwicala lasekunene lesifuba sakho.
• Umgodi wepleural wasekhohlo: Lo ukwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba sakho.
• I-Mediastinum: Le iphakathi kwesifuba sakho, phakathi kwemingxuma emibini ye-pleural.

Amanye amacandelo e-mediastinum

I-mediastinum yakho yahlulwe yangamacandelo amancinci. Athiywa ngokwendawo akuyo esifubeni. Izazinzulu zisebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ukwahlula oku. Eyokuqala yindlela endala kancinci. Yahlula i-mediastinum ibe ngamacandelo amane:

• I-mediastinum ephezulu: Le yinxalenye ephezulu. Ingaphezulu kwentliziyo yakho.
• I-Anterior mediastinum: Le iphambi kwentliziyo yakho, phakathi kwentliziyo kunye ne-sternum.
• I-mediastinum ephakathi: Intliziyo yakho ikweli candelo.
• I-mediastinum yangasemva: Oku kusemva kwentliziyo yakho.

Emva koko, kukho inkqubo entsha yokwahlulahlula eyahlula i-mediastinum ibe ngamacandelo amathathu, anamagama ahlukeneyo:

• Inxalenye engaphambi kwemithambo yegazi: Le yindawo ephambi kwentliziyo yakho.
• Inxalenye ye-visceral: Le yindawo ephakathi apho intliziyo yakho ikhona.
• Icandelo le-Paravertebral: Le yindawo engasemva kwentliziyo yakho.

Kutheni le ndlela zimbini? Le ndlela indala isekelwe kwimifanekiso yentliziyo yakho ethi `(X-ray). Le ndlela intsha isekelwe kwimifanekiso yentliziyo yakho ethi `(cross-sectional imaging)`, efana nethi `(CT scan)`. Ngoko ke, le ndlela intsha iluncedo kakhulu kubaboneleli bezempilo (oko kukuthi, oogqirha, abahlengikazi) abasebenzisa imifanekiso enjalo ye-cross-sectional ukuxilonga nonyango.

Yintoni enye engaphakathi kwesifuba?

Ukongeza kwizitho eziphambili esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwisifuba. Ezi ziquka imithambo yegazi, imithambo-luvo, kunye nezicubu ezinxibelelanayo. Ezona ziphambili ziquka:

• I-Esophageal plexus (uthungelwano lwemithambo-luvo ejikeleze umphimbo)
• Umbhobho womqala (ipayipi yokutya)
• Izicubu zamafutha
• Intliziyo kunye ne-pericardium (i-membrane encinci ejikeleze intliziyo)
• Umthambo wegazi osekhohlo we-brachiocephalic (umthambo wegazi omkhulu)
• Imiphunga kunye ne-pleura (isigqubuthelo esijikeleze imiphunga)
• Ii-lymph nodes (inxalenye yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela)
• Izicubu ezithambileyo ze-Paravertebral (izicubu ezithambileyo kumacala omabini omqolo)
• Iimithambo-luvo zeFrenic (iimithambo-luvo eziya kwi-diaphragm)
• Isiqu segazi esiphambili (umthambo wegazi othwala igazi ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni)
• I-vena cava ephezulu (umthambo oyintloko othwala igazi ukusuka kwinxalenye ephezulu yengalo ukuya entliziyweni)
• Ikhonkco lovelwano (inxalenye yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo)
• I-Thoracic aorta (inxalenye ye-aorta ehamba esifubeni)
• Umjelo we-lymphatic we-Thoracic (umjelo omkhulu we-lymphatic)
• Umqolo wesifuba (inxalenye yomqolo enxulumene nesifuba)
• I-Thymus gland
• I-Trachea kunye ne-bronchi ephambili ( I-Bronchi kunye namasebe aphambili ayahlulahlulayo)
• Imithambo-luvo yeVagus (imithambo-luvo ebalulekileyo eya kwizitho ezininzi zomzimba)

Jonga ukuba zingaphi izinto ezingena kule ndawo incinci! Zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukugcina imizimba yethu isempilweni.

Yintoni egqunywe yi-thoracic cavity?

Ingaphakathi lesifuba sakho ligcwele inwebu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-pleura . Olu maleko lwezicubu lunceda ekukhuseleni amalungu omzimba kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kwesifuba. Lusebenza njengendwangu eludongeni.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela umqolo wesibeleko?

Ngelishwa, la malungu axabisekileyo kunye nezicubu ezingaphakathi esifubeni sethu zinokuvelisa izifo ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-Aortic aneurysm (njengeqhubu kwi-aorta)
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta (ukukrazuka eludongeni lwe-aorta)
• I-cardiac tamponade (ukuqokelelana kolwelo olujikeleze intliziyo, lucinezela intliziyo)
• Imiphunga ephukileyo/i-Pneumothorax (ngenxa yomoya ozalisa imiphunga)
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Isifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa
• Iziqwenga zeMediastinal (iziqwenga ezakha kwi-mediastinum)
• Ukuphuma kolwelo kwi-pericardial effusion (ukuqokelelana kolwelo kwi-membrane ejikeleze intliziyo)
• I-Pleurisy (usulelo/ukudumba kwe-pleural membrane)

Ukuba iimeko ezinjalo zenzeka , kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yomngxuma wesifuba?

Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo yezitho kunye nezicubu ezingaphakathi esifubeni sakho. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• I-Bronchoscopy: Inkqubo apho ikhamera encinci idluliselwa kwi-trachea ukuze ijonge ngaphakathi emiphungeni.
• I-X-reyi yesifuba: Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngale. Ngumfanekiso wesifuba.
• I-computed tomography (CT) scan: Oku kungathatha imifanekiso yomzimba enqamlezileyo kwaye kubonwe ngokweenkcukacha.
• I-Mediastinoscopy: Inkqubo encinci yotyando lokuhlola i-mediastinum.
• I-Thoracoscopy: Uvavanyo olusebenzisa ikhamera ukujonga ngaphakathi esifubeni.

Olu vavanyo luvumela oogqirha ukuba bazi kakuhle ukuba kukho isifo okanye yonke into ilungile.

Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine umqolo wethu wesifuba uphilile?

Kulungile, ngoku ekubeni sithethe ngale nto, mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukubaluleka kokugcina umngxuma wesifuba uphilile. Ngoko ke, kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ngayo. Le yeyona miyalezo ibalulekileyo onokuya nayo ekhaya :

• Kuphephe ukutshaya, ukutshaya i-vape, okanye ukusebenzisa nayiphi na imveliso yecuba ngokupheleleyo. Ezi zezona ntshaba zinkulu zemiphunga yakho nentliziyo yakho.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.Zama ukwenza umthambo ophakathi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki. Nokuba yinto efana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile ilungile.
• Landela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo. Oko kuthetha ukunciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi agcweleyo, isodiyam, kunye neswekile. Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
• Yiya kuxilongwa rhoqo ngonyaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha, uthethe ngempilo yakho, kwaye wenze uvavanyo olufunekayo. Ngale ndlela, ukuba kukho ingxaki, unokuyibona ngokukhawuleza.

Khumbula, umngxuma wesifuba sakho yindawo apho kwenzeka khona inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi womzimba wakho. Ukukwazi oku nokuzama ukuwugcina usempilweni kuluncedo kakhulu kuwe.

Mhlawumbi unomdla kwi-Thoracic Cavity kuba kutshanje ukhe waba nesifo semiphunga okanye sentliziyo. Okanye mhlawumbi unomdla nje ngomzimba womntu. Nokuba siyintoni na isizathu, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela okungakumbi ngaso. Ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo, ungoyiki ukucela ingcaciso. Okukhona usazi ngakumbi ngomzimba wakho, kokukhona uya kukwazi ukuwunyamekela ngcono.

Umqolo wesifuba , umqolo wesifuba, intliziyo, imiphunga, idiaphragm, inkqubo yokuphefumla, ulwakhiwo lomzimba