Ngaba usela amayeza esifo seswekile? Okanye kukho umntu onesifo seswekile kusapho lwakho? Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba uvile ngovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'A1C'. Oogqirha bahlala bekucela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ubona ixabiso kule ngxelo, uyoyika kancinci. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokulula nangokunobuhlobo malunga nokuba yintoni le A1C, ukuba ilinganisa ntoni, kunye nendlela esifanele siziqonde ngayo iziphumo zayo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni uvavanyo lwe-A1C?
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C luvavanyo olulula lwegazi olulinganisa inqanaba lakho eliqhelekileyo leswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo. Iziphumo zinikwa njengepesenti. Okukhona ipesenti iphezulu, kokukhona inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho liphezulu.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Xa ujonga iswekile yakho egazini ngeglucometer ekhaya, ufumana umfanekiso wenqanaba leswekile yakho egazini ngelo xesha. Kufana nenani leembaleki ezifunyenweyo kwibhola enye kumdlalo wekhilikithi. Kodwa uvavanyo lwe-A1C alunjalo. Kufana nomndilili wokubetha womdlali obethayo kulo lonke itumente. Oko kuthetha ukuba singabona umfanekiso omkhulu, kungekuphela nje usuku olunye, kodwa iinyanga ezintathu .
Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngamanye amagama aliqela. Ingxelo yakho ingaludwelisa ngolu hlobo:
- I-Hemoglobin A1C
- I-HbA1c
- I-hemoglobin eneGlycated
- Uvavanyo lweGlycohemoglobin
Kutheni senza olu vavanyo lwe-A1C?
Oogqirha basebenzisa olu vavanyo ngezizathu ezininzi eziphambili.
- Chonga isifo seswekile esingaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe: Oku kukunceda wazi kwangaphambili ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo seswekile.
- Ukuchonga isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini: Olu luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu oneempawu zesifo seswekile unesifo seswekile.
- Jonga indlela elawulwa ngayo isifo sakho seswekile: Ukuba sele unyangelwa isifo seswekile (Uhlobo 1 okanye Uhlobo 2), oku kunokukunceda ulinganise ukuba isicwangciso sakho sonyango (amayeza, ukutya, umthambo) sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lakho le-A1C, wena kunye nogqirha wakho ninokugqiba ukuba kufuneka nenze naluphi na utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango.
Ibalwa njani i-A1C? Makhe siyijonge ngokwesayensi kancinci.
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka siqale sazi kancinci ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi egazini lethu.
Ngaphakathi kwiiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi kukho iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin . Cinga ngayo njengebhasi ethwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ngoku, iglucose (iswekile) evela ekutyeni esikutyayo yongezwa egazini lethu. Le glucose esegazini inamathela kwi-hemoglobin bus. Le nkqubo siyibiza ngokuba yi-glycation.Oko.
Njengoko inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho lisanda, ubungakanani beswekile ebopha kwi-hemoglobin buyanda. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, le swekile ibophayo ihlala apho ubomi beseli ebomvu yegazi (obuziintsuku ezingama-90, okanye malunga neenyanga ezi-3).
Ngoko ke into eyenziwa luvavanyo lwe-A1C kukulinganisa ukuba yipesenti engakanani ye-hemoglobin iyonke yiproteni ye-hemoglobin ebotshelelwe kwiswekile. Yiyo loo nto sinokufumana umyinge weenyanga ezi-3 koku.
Ngamafutshane, i-A1C ilinganisa "ubumnandi" beswekile yakho egazini kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo.
Ngaba kukho amalungiselelo afunekayo ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo?
Hayi. Le yeyona nto ilula kakhulu kolu vavanyo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-A1C. Ungenza olu vavanyo nangaliphi na ixesha losuku.
Iindlela ezimbini zokwenza uvavanyo
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-A1C. Ugqirha wakho uya kumisela eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zakho.
| Indlela yovavanyo | Indlela okwenzeka ngayo kunye nolwazi |
|---|---|
| 1. Uvavanyo lwegazi lemithambo yegazi | Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo nechanekileyo . Kule ndlela, umntu oqeqeshiweyo (i-phlebotomist) ufaka inaliti encinci emthanjeni osengalweni yakho kufutshane nengqiniba yakho aze atsale igazi elincinci kwityhubhu. Emva koko isampuli yegazi ithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo. |
| 2. Uvavanyo lokuhlaba ngeminwe | Apha, inaliti encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-lancet isetyenziswa ukuhlaba umnwe wakho uze ufumane ithontsi legazi. Iziphumo zingaziwa kwimizuzu embalwa. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayifanelekanga kakhulu ekuxilongeni izifo . Idla ngokusetyenziswa kuphela ukujonga ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntu osele enesifo seswekile unyangwa kakuhle kangakanani na. |
Ithetha ukuthini ingxelo yakho ye-A1C?
Kulungile, ngoku sifika kweyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ithetha ukuthini ipesenti kwingxelo yakho?
Xa kufunyaniswa isifo, amaxabiso e-A1C ahlala ehlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
| Ixabiso le-A1C (ipesenti) | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ngaphantsi kwe-5.7% | Awunaso isifo seswekile. (Inqanaba elisempilweni) |
| Phakathi kwe-5.7% kunye ne-6.4% | I-Prediabetes . Oku kuthetha ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo seswekile. Ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. |
| 6.5% nangaphezulu | Oku kudla ngokufunyaniswa njengesifo seswekile . Ugqirha angayalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa oku. |
Yintoni injongo yomntu onesifo seswekile?
Ukuba sele unesifo seswekile, usukelo lwakho lwe-A1C luya kuxhomekeka kwiminyaka yakho, impilo, kunye nezinye izinto. Awunakuzibekela loo sukelo wedwa. Kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuze akumisele usukelo olufanelekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, icebiso elinikwa uninzi lwabantu abadala abanesifo seswekile kukuba bagcine i-A1C yabo ingaphantsi kwe-7% . Ukugcina eli nqanaba kunokuthintela iingxaki ezininzi ezinokubakho ngenxa yesifo seswekile.
Zithini iingozi zokuba nenqanaba eliphezulu le-A1C?
Ukuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-A1C ixesha elide kunokonakalisa amalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Oku kufana nokugqwala iqhekeza lesinyithi kwisisombululo esineswekile eninzi. Iziphumo eziphambili zinokuba zezi:
- Amehlo (i-Retinopathy): Ukulahlekelwa umbono okanye ubumfama kunokwenzeka.
- Izintso (Nephropathy): Zingabangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
- I-Neuropathy: Iimeko ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo, iintlungu, kunye nokulahlekelwa yimvakalelo kwimilenze zinokwenzeka.
- Intliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo uyanda.
- I-Gastroparesis: Ukusebenza kwesisu kusenokuphazamiseka.
Yiyo loo nto sithi i-A1C ayilonani nje kuphela, kodwa luphawu olubalulekileyo lwempilo yakho yexesha elizayo.
Ngaba kukho ezinye izinto ezichaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-A1C?
Ewe. Ngamanye amaxesha iziphumo zakho ze-A1C zisenokuba phantsi okanye ziphezulu kunezinga lakho leswekile egazini. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba oku kungaba njalo.
| Iimeko apho amaxabiso e-A1C anokuboniswa ngokuchanekileyo | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Iphantsi Ngobuxoki |
|
| Phezulu ngobuxoki |
|
Ukongeza, iimeko zemfuza ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hemoglobin variants nazo zinokubangela ukuba iziphumo ze-A1C zahluke. Ukuba unesifo esifana ne-anemia okanye awuqinisekanga ngeziphumo zakho ze-A1C, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho. Uza kuziqwalasela ezo zinto ukuze enze uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lweziphumo zakho.
Ingaba ixabiso le-A1C lodwa lanele ukulinganisa ulawulo lwesifo seswekile?
I-A1C yindlela yokulinganisa ebaluleke kakhulu neluncedo esiyisebenzise amashumi eminyaka. Kodwa namhlanje, ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, kukho iindlela ezisinika umfanekiso oneenkcukacha ezingakumbi.
Khawucinge ngale nto: I-A1C yomntu othile yi-7%. Zimbini iindlela ezinokwenzeka ngazo.
1. Inqanaba leswekile egazini lomntu linokuhlala lizinzile malunga ne-154 mg/dL.
2. Okanye, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lomntu anokutshintshatshintsha kakhulu imini yonke (umz., ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300 aze abuye ehle aye kwi-50). Umyinge wolu tshintsho lukhulu unokuba phezulu ukuya kwi-7%.
Uyabona, akunjalo? Nangona ixabiso le-A1C lifana, umahluko kulawulo lweswekile egazini labo mkhulu. Umzimba womntu wesibini wonakele ngakumbi.
Kulapho ke izixhobo zokujonga iGlucose eziqhubekayo (CGM) kunye nomlinganiselo obizwa ngokuba yiTime in Range (TIR) zingena khona. I-CGM inokulandelela indlela amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho atshintsha ngayo imini yonke. I-TIR ilinganisa ukuba lingakanani ixesha emini amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho akuluhlu oluthile (umz., 70-180 mg/dL).
Nangona ezi ziindlela eziphucukileyo kune-A1C, uvavanyo lwe-A1C okwangoku lolona luqhelekileyo nolulula ukwenziwa, kwaye lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo eSri Lanka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwe-A1C luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lwegazi olukuxelela malunga namanqanaba akho aqhelekileyo eswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo.
- Oku kunceda ekuchongeni isifo seswekile kunye nesifo sangaphambi kwesifo seswekile, kunye nokulinganisa impumelelo yonyango kumntu osele enesifo seswekile.
- I-A1C yomntu ophilileyo ingaphantsi kwe-5.7%. Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile lujolise ekuyigcineni ingaphantsi kwe-7%. Kodwa xoxa nogqirha wakho ngeenjongo zakho.
- Ezinye iimeko zempilo, ezifana ne-anemia, isifo sezintso, kunye nokukhulelwa, zinokuchaphazela iziphumo zakho ze-A1C, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngempilo yakho iyonke.
- Musa ukoyika xa ubona iziphumo ze-A1C. Linani nje kuphela. Likho ukuze likukhokele. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze izigqibo malunga nonyango lwakho kunye nendlela ophila ngayo.
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