Khawuthelekelele uhamba esitalatweni uze ngequbuliso imoto entle idlule ngasekunene kwakho. Wenza ntoni? Ngaphandle kokujika intloko yakho, ujika amehlo akho ngasekunene uze uyijonge, akunjalo? Okanye mhlawumbi ufunda eli nqaku ngoku, kwaye ufunda amagama alandelelana ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene, ujika amehlo akho. Uyazi ukuba inkqubo isebenza njani ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu kwinto elula kangangokuba siyenza ngaphandle kokucinga ngayo? Namhlanje sithetha ngomntu obaluleke kakhulu osinceda siyenze, kodwa abantu abaninzi abazi ngayo.
Yintoni i-Abducens nerve?
Ngamafutshane, i-Abducens Nerve yeyesithandathu kwimithambo-luvo eli-12 ebaleka isuka ebuchotsheni bethu iye emehlweni ethu. Ngokwezonyango, ibizwa ngokuba yi-sixth cranial nerve (CN VI) . Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko nokuphela kwayo kukulawula indlela ajonga ngayo amehlo ethu.
Oko kukuthi, le nerve yiyo exelela iliso lakho lasekunene ukuba lijike ngasekunene kwaye iliso lakho lasekhohlo lijike ngasekhohlo. Ukuze wenze oku, le nerve iqhagamshela kwimisipha ekhethekileyo elisweni lethu. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-lateral rectus muscle . Ifana "nentambo yomyalelo" esuka ebuchotsheni iye elisweni. Umyalezo ovela ebuchotsheni udlula kule nerve uye kuloo msipha, uxelela ukuba, "Kulungile, ngoku jika iliso lakho liye ngasekunene."
Sineentlobo ezimbini zemithambo-luvo:
1. Iimvakalelo: Ezi zithwala izinto esizivayo (umzekelo, iintlungu, ukuchukumisa) ziye engqondweni.
2. Imithambo-luvo yemithambo-luvo: Le ithwala imiyalelo esuka engqondweni iye kwimisipha kwaye ibangele ukuba ishukume.
Le mithambo-luvo ethi `Abducens` yimithambo-luvo esebenza kuphela . Oko kuthetha ukuba inika imiyalelo kwizihlunu kuphela. Asiva nto kuyo.
Amehlo ethu ashukunyiswa yindibaniselwano yemithambo-luvo emithathu. Le mithambo-luvo mithathu, i-'Abducens' nerve (CN VI), i-'Oculomotor' nerve (CN III), kunye ne-'Trochlear' nerve (CN IV), zisebenza kunye ukuhambisa amehlo ethu phezulu, ezantsi, emacaleni, namacala onke.
Yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi wale nerve?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, umsebenzi ophambili we-Abducens nerve kukuguqula amehlo ethu aye ngasekunene. Xa ufuna ukujonga ngasekunene, i-Abducens nerve yakho yasekunene iyasebenza kwaye ijika iliso lakho lasekunene liye ngasekunene. Kwangaxeshanye, enye i-nerve iyasebenza kwaye ijika iliso lakho lasekhohlo liye ngasekhohlo (ngaphakathi) liye empumlweni. Kulapho ke omabini amehlo ejika ngasekunene kunye. Olu lungelelwaniso lusenza sibone izinto ngokucacileyo, njengomfanekiso omnye.
Ukuze kube lula kancinci, cinga ngale ndlela.
Uhleli esitulweni ebaleni lakho. Ngequbuliso, uva ingxolo enkulu evela kumthi wemango ngasekunene kwakho. Ujika amehlo akho aye ngasekunene ngaphandle kokujika intloko yakho. Ngelo xesha, umthambo wakho wasekunene we-'Abducens' ufumana umyalelo ovela kwingqondo yakho wokujika iliso lakho lasekunene liye ngasekunene. Kwangaxeshanye, iliso lakho lasekhohlo nalo lifumana umyalelo wokujika lingene ngaphakathi. Konke oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuba uqonde, ngaphantsi komzuzwana.
Mhlawumbi ngoku uyaqonda ukuba le mithambo-luvo ibaluleke kangakanani kuthi ukuze sifunde ngezinto ezisingqongileyo size sibone ihlabathi elisingqongileyo.
Iphi le mithambo-luvo?
I-'abducens' nerve yi-nerve encinci kakhulu, kodwa ehambe ixesha elide ngaphakathi entlokweni yethu. Imile okwesebe lomthi.
Sinemithambo-luvo emibini enjalo entlokweni yethu, enye kwicala lasekunene nenye ngasekhohlo. Le mithambo-luvo iqala kwisiseko sethu sengqondo . Oko kukuthi, inxalenye yengqondo edibanisa nomqolo wethu. Ukusuka apho, ihamba umgama omde kwiindawo ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo zobuchopho, ingena ngomngxuma omncinci kwikhakayi, ize ekugqibeleni iqhagamshelane nomsipha we-'lateral rectus' ngaphakathi kwesokhethi yeliso.
Okumangalisayo kukuba lo ngumthambo wesibini omde kakhulu engqondweni yethu (umthambo omde kakhulu yi-'Vagus' nerve). Ngenxa yolu hambo lude, lo mthambo ukwasengozini enkulu yokonakala, ukwenzakala, okanye uxinzelelo oluvela kwizifo.
"Iziko lomyalelo" le-nerve (i-Abducens Nucleus)
Njengayo yonke imithambo-luvo, le mithambo-luvo ineziko lomyalelo. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Abducens nucleus'. Kulapho kukhutshwa khona umyalelo othi `Kulungile, ngoku jika amehlo akho``. Eli ziko likwinxalenye yesiseko sobuchopho ebizwa ngokuba yi-`pons``.
Yeyiphi imeko eqhelekileyo echaphazela le mithambo-luvo?
Eyona meko ixhaphakileyo neyona iphambili echaphazela i-'Abducens' nerve yi -Abducens nerve palsy , eyaziwa ngokuba yi -sixth nerve palsy . I-'Palsy' yimeko eyenzeka xa i-nerve ingasebenzi kakuhle.
Xa oku kusenzeka, umsipha awusawufumani umyalezo ovela ebuchotsheni ngemithambo-luvo. Emva koko umsipha ojika iliso liye ecaleni uba buthathaka okanye uyeke ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale , kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze kufunyaniswe unobangela , kuba ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho isizathu esibalulekileyo emva koku.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa izizathu ezininzi zokuba le meko inokwenzeka.
| Udidi lwesizathu | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zonyango | Isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ezi zinokuvala imijelo emincinci ehambisa igazi kwimithambo-luvo. |
| Ukulimala entloko | Le mithambo-luvo inde inokutsalwa kwaye yonakale ngenxa yezinto ezinje ngokubetheka kanzima entloko okanye ingozi yemoto. |
| Usulelo lobuchopho okanye iithumba | Imithambo-luvo inokucinezelwa ngenxa yosulelo lobuchopho, iithumba zobuchopho, okanye iingxaki zemithambo yegazi. |
| Ezinye izifo ze-neurological | Izifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ezifana neMultiple Sclerosis. |
| Istroke | Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo. |
Zithini iimpawu zengxaki nge-abducens nerve?
Xa le mithambo-luvo yonakele, umyalezo othi jika iliso lakho liye kwelinye icala awuphumi kakuhle. Ngoko ke, ungafumana iimpawu ezifana nezi ngequbuliso.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo neziqalayo kukubona kabini (diplopia) kunye nokungakwazi ukujika iliso lijonge kwelinye icala.
| Uphawu | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Umbono ophindwe kabini (iDiplopia) | Olu luphawu oluphambili. Ngenxa yokuba amehlo engajolisanga kwindawo enye, ubona imifanekiso emibini endaweni yomnye. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa uzama ukujonga kwicala apho ingxaki ikhoyo. Umzekelo, ukuba ingxaki ikwiliso lasekunene, uya kubona imifanekiso emibini rhoqo xa ujonge ngasekunene. |
| Ukungakwazi ukujika iliso libheke kwelinye icala | Iliso elichaphazelekileyo alinakujika ngokupheleleyo liye ekukhanyeni. Umzekelo, ukuba umthambo wokubona okwiliso lasekunene wonakele, iliso lasekunene aliyi kudlula embindini xa licelwa ukuba lijonge ngasekunene. |
| Ukungahambi kakuhle kwamehlo | Nokuba ujonge ngqo phambili, iliso elichaphazelekileyo lisenokujika kancinci liye ngaphakathi (lijonge empumlweni). Oku kungenxa yokuba umsipha otsala iliso ngaphandle ubuthathaka, ngelixa umsipha olitsalayo ngaphakathi unamandla. |
| Intlungu okanye ukudinwa kwamehlo | Amehlo asenokudinwa kwaye mhlawumbi abuhlungu kuba la mehlo mabini engasebenzi kakuhle. |
Uyijonga njani impilo yale nerve?
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze abone unobangela. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo okanye ingcali yemithambo-luvo.
Iimvavanyo eziphambili ezenziweyo zezi:
- Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Ugqirha uza kujonga umbono wakho. Emva koko, uza kukucela ukuba ujonge umnwe okanye ipeni uze uhambise amehlo akho kumacala ahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba amehlo akho anokuhamba kangakanani na kwaye awakwazi ukuhamba ngawaphi amacala.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lungenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba imbangela yeempawu zakho yinto efana nesifo seswekile okanye usulelo.
- Uvavanyo lokufota: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ingxaki na (efana nomhlaza okanye ukucinezelwa) naphi na endleleni yemithambo-luvo. I-MRI inokuzibona ngokucacileyo imithambo-luvo kunye nezicubu ezingaphakathi kwentloko.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezi ngxaki zemithambo-luvo?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko seempawu. Nje ukuba ugqirha afumane unobangela, kuya kuqaliswa unyango olufanelekileyo.
Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo:
- Ukunyanga isifo esisisiseko: Ukuba unobangela sisifo seswekile, eyona nto iphambili kukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini kakuhle. Ukuba luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza okulawula. Ukuba unobangela lusulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
- Ipetshi yamehlo: Ukuba unengxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yokubona kabini (diplopia), ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba unxibe ipetshi phezu kweliso elinye okwethutyana. Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ngeliso elinye kuphela, kuthintele ukubona kabini.
- Iilensi zokulungisa: Ngamanye amaxesha uhlobo oluthile lwelensi olubizwa ngokuba yi-'prism' luncamathiselwa kwisibuko. Oku kudibanisa imifanekiso emibini kuze kuyenze ibonakale ngathi yinto enye.
- Inaliti yetyhefu yeBotulinum: Kwezinye iimeko, le naliti inikwa izihlunu ezomeleleyo ezitsala iliso ngaphakathi, zilenze buthathaka okwethutyana. Oku kuvumela izihlunu ezitsala iliso ngaphandle ukuba zibe namandla kancinci.
- Utyando: Ukuba imeko ayiphucuki emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, kwaye unobangela awubi mkhulu, utyando lolona khetho lokugqibela lokulungelelanisa izihlunu zamehlo nokudibanisa amehlo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba unyango olulungele wena. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-abducens nerve palsy, ebangelwa zizifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iya kuphelela ngokwayo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
Ndingayigcina njani imithambo-luvo yam ye-Abducens isempilweni?
Ukugcina imithambo-luvo yethu iphilile kufana nokugcina umzimba wethu uphela uphilile. Imithambo-luvo yinxalenye yothungelwano olukhulu lonxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo kunye nemisipha. Ngoko ke xa unyamekela impilo yakho iyonke, imithambo-luvo yakho nayo iya kuba sempilweni.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Yitya imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nokutya okunesondlo rhoqo.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuhambahamba nokuzilolonga ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kulungele umzimba wonke.
- Lawula izifo ezisisiseko: Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Thintela ukwenzakala entloko: Nxiba isigcina-ntloko rhoqo xa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ibhayisekile. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko xa udlala imidlalo eyingozi.
Le mithambo-luvo ye-'Abducens', esinokuthi siyisebenzise singazi nokuba sifunda eli nqaku, ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwaye ekubeni ihamba umgama omde ngaphakathi kwengqondo, ikwasengozini enkulu yokonakala. Ke ngoko, ukunyamekela impilo yethu iyonke yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela le mithambo-luvo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-'Abducens' nerve yi-nerve yesithandathu ye-cranial ebaluleke kakhulu ekujikeni amehlo ethu emacaleni (ngaphandle).
- Ukungakwazi ngequbuliso ukujika iliso elinye liye kwelinye icala okanye ukubona kabini (i-diplopia) kunokuba luphawu olukhulu lwesilumkiso sengxaki yale nerve.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unobangela.
- Idla ngokuba yingxaki elawulekayo, efana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ukulawula ezi zinto kunokunceda imithambo-luvo ukuba ibuyele esiqhelweni.
- Ukugcina impilo entle iyonke yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela impilo yenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo.
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