Ngaba kufuneka uye kwigumbi lokuhlambela rhoqo? Ngaba isisu sakho sibuhlungu njengemela? Ngaba wakha waphawula igazi elincinci esitulweni sakho? Musa ukuzithatha njengeziqhelekileyo ezi zinto. Kuba zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Ulcerative Colitis (UC), esifuna ingqalelo ethile. Musa ukoyika, asiyongozi njengoko ucinga. Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula neyobuhlobo kwaye sicacise yonke into.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Ulcerative Colitis (UC)?
I-Ulcerative Colitis (UC) yimeko ehlala ubomi bonke enganyangekiyo kodwa inokulawulwa kakuhle. Ibangela ukudumba kunye nezilonda ezincinci (izilonda) kulwelo lwamathumbu ethu amakhulu (colon) kunye ne-rectum. Ngamafutshane, ingaphakathi lamathumbu liyavuvukala kwaye libe buhlungu.
I-UC sesinye sezifo ezibini eziphambili kwiqela lezifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi -Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) . Esinye sisifo sikaCrohn. Umntu one-UC unokufumana iimpawu ezifana norhudo oluqhelekileyo, iintlungu zesisu, kunye negazi esitulweni.
Uhlobo lwesi sifo kukuba asisoloko sineempawu ezifanayo.
- Ukunyuka kwesifo: Ngeli xesha, iimpawu ziba nzima ngakumbi.
- Uxolelo (ixesha lokuxolelwa): Ngeli xesha, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kweempawu.
Injongo ephambili yonyango kukunciphisa ukudumba kwamalungu omzimba nokwandisa ukuxolelwa kwawo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-UC?
Oogqirha bahlulahlula i-UC ngokusekwe kwindawo apho ukudumba kwenzeka khona emathunjini akho amakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala kufutshane ne-anus, okanye i-rectum. Emva koko inokusasazeka kuwo wonke amathumbu amakhulu. Makhe sijonge le tshathi ukuze sikuncede ukuqonde ngcono oku.
| Uhlobo lwe-UC | Indawo echaphazelekayo |
|---|---|
| I-proctitis yezilonda | Ukudumba kuphelela kwi-rectum. |
| I-Proctosigmoiditis | Ichaphazela inxalenye yokugqibela yempundu (i-rectum) kunye nenxalenye engezantsi enomfanekiso-S yamathumbu amakhulu (i-sigmoid colon). |
| I-colitis ekhohlo | Ukuvuvukala kusasazeke kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu esikhulu. |
| I-Pancolitis | Kule meko, ukudumba kuchaphazela lonke ikholoni. |
Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo, i-UC ihlelwa njengethambileyo , ephakathi, okanye enzima ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali beempawu. Uhlobo olunzima kakhulu, olungaqhelekanga kwaye lunokubeka ubomi esichengeni, lubizwa ngokuba yi -fulminant ulcerative colitis . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kufuneka uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Iimpawu ze-UC zinokwanda kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, unokufumana iimpawu ezingephi. Kamva, njengoko isifo siqhubeka, iimpawu ezingakumbi zinokuvela. Makhe sijonge ezi ngokwahlukeneyo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezithambileyo ezinokubonwa kuqala | |
| Urhudo | Indle ekhululekileyo. Isenokuba negazi okanye ingabi nalo. Isenokuba negazi kane ngemini okanye ngaphantsi. |
| Ukufuna ukuya ngasese ngequbuliso | Ndiziva ndifuna ukuya kwindlu yangasese ngequbuliso. Kunzima ukuyilawula. |
| I-Tenesmus | Ukuziva ngathi ufuna ukuya kwindlu yangasese, kodwa ungakwazi ukuphuma ebhedini. |
| Intlungu yesisu/ukukhwehlela | Imvakalelo yokuqaqamba okanye ukuqaqamba okuncinci esiswini esisezantsi. |
| Iimpawu eziphakathi neziqatha ezinokuthi zenzeke kamva | |
| Urhudo oluqhelekileyo | Urhudo ngaphezu kwamaxesha amane ngemini. |
| Igazi, i-mucus, okanye i-pus kunye ne-stool | Kukho igazi elibonakalayo ngokucacileyo, ulwelo olufana ne-mucus, okanye ubomvu esitulweni. |
| Intlungu yesisu esibuhlungu | Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu enganyamezelekiyo. |
| Ukudinwa | Ukudinwa kakhulu nokudinwa ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukuhla ukusinda | Ukwehla kobunzima ngequbuliso okungalindelekanga. |
| Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu | Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokucaphuka. |
| Ifiva | Ukuziva ushushu. |
Ngaba kukho ezinye iziphumo ngaphandle kwamathumbu?
Ewe. Kwi-25% yezigulane ezine-UC, oku kurhawuzelelwa kunokuchaphazela ezinye iindawo zomzimba ukongeza kumathumbu. Emva koko, iimpawu ezinxulumene noko zinokuvela.
- Intlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu: Amalungu afana namadolo kunye neengqiniba anokuba buhlungu kwaye adumbe.
- Iingxaki zamehlo: Kunokubakho ububomvu, ukudumba, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kwamehlo.
- Iingxaki zesikhumba: Kunokuvela amaqhuma abuhlungu, amabala, okanye izilonda eluswini.
Kutheni esi sifo senzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Enyanisweni, unobangela ochanekileyo we-UC awukafunyanwa. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ubangelwa kukudibana kwezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Ingcinga ephambili kukuba oku kubangelwa yinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu . Cinga ngayo njengomkhosi wethu wesizwe. Umsebenzi wayo kukukhusela umzimba kubahlaseli bamanye amazwe njengeentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo ayisebenzi kakuhle ize iqale ukuhlasela iiseli zethu eziphilileyo. Kwi-UC, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela iiseli ezikwikholoni. Yiyo loo nto ibangela oku kuqhambuka kunye nokuqhekeka.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela le meko:
- Ubudala: Esi sifo sidla ngokufunyanwa kubantu abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-30, okanye kubantu abadala emva kweminyaka engama-60.
- I-genetics: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho, njengomama wakho, utata, okanye umntakwenu, unesifo i-UC okanye i-Crohn's, nawe usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba naso.
- I-gut microbiome: Amathumbu ethu ahlala izigidi zeebhaktheriya eziluncedo, kunye neebhaktheriya eziyingozi, iintsholongwane kunye neefungi. Kufunyaniswe ukuba utshintsho kwibhalansi yale nkqubo yendalo lunokuba negalelo kwi-UC.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uxinzelelo kunye nokutya okutyayo akubangeli ukuba kubekho i-UC. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele une-UC, ezi zinto zingenza iimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu, okanye zibangele ukuqhambuka kwesifo. Ngoko ke, wakuba ufunyenwe uneso sifo, kubalulekile ukuchonga kanye kanye into ekubangelayo kwaye uhlale kude nazo.
Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa ye-UC?
Ukuba ne-ulcerative colitis kwandisa kancinci umngcipheko wokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuhlala phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- I-anemia: Ukopha rhoqo emathunjini kunokubangela ukwehla kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-anemia.
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu: Abantu abane-UC basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu kunabo bonke abantu. Le ngozi ixhomekeke ekubeni unexesha elingakanani une-UC kunye nenxalenye yemathumbu amakhulu echaphazelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto kwaye ufumane uvavanyo lwe-colonoscopy rhoqo.
- I-Osteoporosis: Ukudumba okuhlala ixesha elide emzimbeni kunye nonyango oluthile kunokubangela ukuba amathambo abe buthathaka kwaye aphuke lula.
- Iingxaki zesibindi: Oku kurhawuzelelwa kusenokuchaphazela nesibindi, oku kubangele imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -primary sclerosing cholangitis .
- Iziphumo ekukhuleni kwabantwana: Ukuba umntwana uba ne-UC, ukukhula kwakhe kunokudodobala kuba akanakukwazi ukufunxa kakuhle izondlo emathunjini.
Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo
Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyenzeka, yingxamiseko. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Urhudo olugqithisileyo lunokubangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, nto leyo enokubangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Kwiimeko ezinzima , ulwelo lwe-IV (ityuwa) lunokunikwa esibhedlele.
- Ukugqobhoka kwamathumbu amakhulu: Ukuba ukudumba kuba nzima, udonga lwamathumbu amakhulu lunokugqobhoka. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukopha kakhulu: Ukuba ukopha kakhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukukulawula, unokufuna utofelo-gazi.
- I-megacolon enetyhefu: Le yingxaki enzima kakhulu, engaqhelekanga. Kwimeko enjalo, amathumbu amakhulu ayadumba, ayeke ukusebenza, aze aqale ukufunxa iityhefu ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
- Amahlwili egazi: I-UC yandisa umngcipheko wokuba amahlwili egazi avele kwimithambo yegazi yomzimba.
Uyixilonga njani le sifo?
Emva kokumamela iimpawu zakho, ugqirha uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa esi sifo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba akukho anemia (umlinganiselo wegazi ophantsi) okanye iimpawu zokudumba.
- Uvavanyo lwendle: Jonga igazi, iintsholongwane, okanye iintsholongwane ezikwindle.
- Uvavanyo lokucinga: Uvavanyo olufana ne-X-ray, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI lunokunika umbono wemeko yamathumbu.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Endoscopic: Le yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokuxilonga i-UC. Ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo enekhamera (i-endoscope) ifakwa nge-anus kwaye ingaphakathi lamathumbu amakhulu lijongwa kwisikrini. Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-colonoscopy okanye i-sigmoidoscopy . Ngeli xesha, iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu liyasuswa kwikholoni ukuze lihlolwe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi- biopsy .
Iphathwa njani?
Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango. Eyokuqala kukulawula iimpawu ngexesha lokudumba kwesifo nokusibuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Eyesibini kukugcina impilo izinzile kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kwenziwa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa amayeza kunye notyando.
Amayeza
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza anokunciphisa ukudumba emathunjini.
- Ii-Aminosalicylates: Uhlobo lwamayeza asetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-UC encinci ukuya kwephakathi. Imizekelo: i-sulfasalazine, i-mesalamine .
- IiCorticosteroids:La ngamayeza anamandla okulwa nokuvuvukala. Anikwa ixesha elifutshane kuphela xa kukho ukudumba okukhulu. Kuba ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kunemiphumo emibi emininzi. Imizekelo: i-prednisone, i-budesonide .
- Ii-immunosuppressants: Amayeza alawula ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Imizekelo: azathioprine, methotrexate .
- Iibhayoloji: Ezi ziindlela ezintsha zonyango ezijolise kwiindawo ezithile zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ezibangela ukudumba. Imizekelo: i-infliximab (Remicade®), i-adalimumab (Humira®) .
- Izithinteli zeJAK: Ezi zikwaludidi olutsha lwamayeza athintela inkqubo ebangela ukudumba. Imizekelo: i-tofacitinib (Xeljanz®) .
Utyando
Ukuba isifo asinakulawulwa ngamayeza, okanye ukuba kuvela iingxaki ezinkulu, utyando lunokufuneka. Malunga nama-30% abantu abane-UC baya kufuna utyando ebomini babo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando. Zombini zibandakanya inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-proctocolectomy , ebandakanya ukususwa kwamathumbu amakhulu kunye nenxalenye yokugqibela ye-rectum.
1. I-Proctocolectomy kunye ne-ileal pouch: Olu lolona tyando luqhelekileyo. Kule nkqubo, amathumbu amakhulu ayasuswa, i-pouch yenziwe ngenxalenye yamathumbu amancinci, kwaye iqhagamshelwe kwi-anus. Emva kokuphola, uya kukwazi ukuhamba ngamathumbu ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
2. I-Proctocolectomy kunye ne-ileostomy: Oku kwenziwa xa utyando olungasentla lungenakwenzeka. Kule nkqubo, amathumbu amakhulu onke ayasuswa, kudalwe umngxuma (stoma) esiswini, kwaye kufakwe ibhegi ukuze kuqokelelwe ilindle ngaphandle.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabi mandundu?
Ukuchonga izinto ezibangela ukuba uzive udiniwe nokungazisebenzisi kakuhle kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuqhambuka kwesifo.
- Lawula uxinzelelo: Lala ngokwaneleyo, qhelisa umzimba, kwaye wenze into ezolileyo efana nokucamngca.
- Ziphephe ezinye iipilisi zokudambisa iintlungu: ii-NSAID (umz., i-ibuprofen, i-diclofenac) zinokwenza iimpawu ze-UC zibe mandundu. Kungcono ukusela amayeza afana ne -paracetamol xa umkhuhlane okanye iintlungu. Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise naliphi na iyeza.
- Ziphephe ukutya okubangela i-UC: Asinguye wonke umntu onezibangela ezifanayo. Abanye abantu banomdla wokutya ubisi, ngelixa abanye banokuba nomdla wokutya okunefayibha eninzi. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumanisa ukuba yintoni ekubangelayo kukugcina idayari yokutya kwaye ubhale phantsi ukutya okutyayo kunye neempawu ozifumanayo. Emva koko, thetha nogqirha wakho uze nesicwangciso sokutya esikusebenzelayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unxibelelana rhoqo nogqirha wakho. Thatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho njengoko exelelwe, nokuba awunazo iimpawu. Ukuyeka amayeza kunokubangela ukuba isifo siphinde sivele.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Ulcerative Colitis (UC) yimeko ehlala ihleli kodwa elawulekayo, ngoko ke musa ukuyisoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Nokuba usempilweni kwaye ungenazo iimpawu, thatha amayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- Chonga ukuba zeziphi ukutya, iziselo, kunye nezinto ezibangela uxinezeleko ezikugulisayo, uze uzame ukuziphepha.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana norhudo oluqhelekileyo, ukopha kakhulu kwindle yakho, iintlungu zesisu eziqatha, kunye nomkhuhlane, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ekubeni une-UC, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza wamathumbu uphezulu kancinci, ngoko qiniseka ukuba wenza i-colonoscopy ngexesha ugqirha wakho alicebisayo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho