Ingxaki abantu abaninzi eSri Lanka abanayo luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye "uxinzelelo" njengoko sonke sisazi. Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukunike amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi lakho, okanye isifo sentliziyo. Phakathi kweentlobo zamayeza anikwayo, ii-ACE Inhibitors ziluhlobo lwamayeza oluqhelekileyo nolubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba igama leyeza lakho lifana neCaptopril, iEnalapril, iLisinopril, ngoko usenokuba usebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba zeziphi ezi ACE Inhibitors, indlela ezisebenza ngayo emzimbeni wethu, kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizazi ngelixa sizisebenzisa.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi ACE Inhibitors?
Igama elipheleleyo lale nto yi -Angiotensin - Converting Enzyme Inhibitors. Nangona eli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, into eliyenzayo ilula kakhulu. Ukuze sikuqonde oku, masithethe ngenkqubo encinci eyenzeka emzimbeni wethu.
Iihormone ezahlukeneyo kunye neeenzyme zisebenza ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi emzimbeni wethu. Enye yeeenzyme eziphambili ibizwa ngokuba yi-'ACE (i-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme).' Le enzyme ye-'ACE' ifana nomzi-mveliso omncinci emzimbeni wethu. Lo mzi-mveliso uguqula into ethi 'Angiotensin I' emzimbeni wethu ibe yenye into enamandla ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Angiotensin II'.
Ngoku lo mfo ubizwa ngokuba yi-'Angiotensin II' nguye osebenza ekonyuseni uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi. Wenza izinto ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Imithambo yegazi iyancipha (incipha): Kanye njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi ucinezelwa, amanzi ahamba ngokukhawuleza, xa imithambo yegazi incipha, indawo yokuba igazi lihambe iyancipha, kwaye uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwimithambo luyanda.
2. Kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa namanzi kwizintso: Xa ityuwa namanzi amaninzi egcinwe emzimbeni, umthamo wegazi uyanda, nto leyo enyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Ngoko ke into eyenziwa yi-ACE inhibitor kukuyekisa umsebenzi waloo mveliso ibizwa ngokuba yi-'ACE' endikhankanyileyo ngaphambili. Oko kuthetha ukuba inciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-'Angiotensin II', i-hormone enyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Ayipheleli apho, le enzyme ye-'ACE' iqhekeza iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Bradykinin', eluncedo emzimbeni wethu kwaye yandisa imithambo yegazi. Xa uthatha i-ACE inhibitor, kuba i-enzyme ye-'ACE' ayisebenzi, uninzi lweproteni elungileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Bradykinin' ihlala emzimbeni.
Ngamafutshane, ii-ACE inhibitors ziyayimisa imveliso yezinto ezonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye zithintele ukulahleka kwezinto ezinciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Le ntshukumo iphindwe kabini inceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kakuhle.
Ziziphi iimeko apho oogqirha bamisela eli yeza?
Ii-ACE Inhibitors aziloyeza loxinzelelo lwegazi kuphela. Zikwanceda ekukhuseleni intliziyo nezintso, ngoko ke oogqirha bazinika amayeza kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu:Eli lelona thuba libalulekileyo nelisetyenziswa kakhulu.
- Ukunyanga Ukusilela Kwentliziyo: Xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo, eli yeza linceda ekunciphiseni umthwalo womsebenzi entliziyweni kwaye lincede isebenze.
- Emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo: Eli yeza linikwa ukunceda intliziyo ibuyele esiqhelweni emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo kwaye kuthintelwe umonakalo ongakumbi.
- Khusela izintso zabantu abanesifo seswekile: Isifo seswekile singonakalisa izintso ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ii-ACE inhibitors zinokunceda ukulibazisa nokuthintela loo monakalo.
- Kwabo basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi: Ezi zikwanikwa ukuthintela ezi meko ukuba zingenzeki kwabo basengozini.
- Kwezinye izifo zezintso: Ezi zikwasetyenziswa nakwezinye izifo zezintso (ezifana ne-'Nephrotic syndrome', 'iProteinuria') ezenzeka nakubantu abangenaso isifo seswekile.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-ACE inhibitors ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ACE inhibitors ezithengiswayo. Amayeza akho anokuba nelinye lala magama adweliswe ngezantsi. Khumbula ukuba nangona igama eliqhelekileyo leyeza lifana, igama lebrendi linokwahluka kuba lenziwe ziinkampani ezahlukeneyo.
| Igama eliqhelekileyo leyeza | Amanye amagama eebhrendi (Umzekelo wamagama eebhrendi) |
|---|---|
| IBenazepril | ILotensin® |
| I-Captopril | I-Capoten® |
| I-Enalapril | I-Vasotec® |
| I-Lisinopril | I-Zestril® |
| I-Ramipril | I-Altace® |
| I-Perindopril | I-Aceon® |
Ndingayisebenzisa njani le yeza?
Uninzi lwabantu lunikwa i-ACE inhibitor kanye ngemini. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufuna ukuyithatha kabini ngemini. Oku kuxhomekeke kugqirha wakho ukuba agqibe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba wenze ntoni ukuba uphoswe yidosi. Khawucinge ukuba ulibele ukusela idosi yakho yasekuseni. Ukuba uyakhumbula emini, yisele kwangoko xa ukhumbula. Kodwa ukuba uyakhumbula kusasa, oko kuthetha ukuba sele kusondele ixesha ledosi yakho elandelayo, musa ukusela idosi ephosiweyo. Yitsibe uze uthathe idosi elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe iipilisi ezimbini ngaxeshanye, kunye nale uyilibeleyo. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lwehle kakhulu kwaye kubangele isiyezi.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba ungayeki ukuthatha eli yeza ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ukuba wenza njalo, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokunyuka ngequbuliso, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezenza ukuba eli yeza lingonwabi, xelela ugqirha wakho. Uza kukutshintshela kwelinye iyeza elifanelekileyo kuwe.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale mithi?
Ii-ACE Inhibitors ludidi lwamayeza axhomekeke kuwo oogqirha kwihlabathi liphela ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Iingenelo eziphambili
- Isebenza kakuhle kakhulu: Uphando lwezenzululwazi luye lwabonisa ukuba ezi zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo sentliziyo.
- Ithintela izifo: Ayinyangi isifo esele sikhona kuphela, kodwa ikwanceda ekuthinteleni ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kunye nesifo sezintso kwixesha elizayo.
- Iyahambelana namanye amayeza: Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banika ipilisi enye edibanisa i-ACE inhibitor kunye nenye iyeza loxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ikhuselekile: La mayeza ngokubanzi aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi azixhaphakanga, ngoko ke zingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo ubomi bonke.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho
Njengakweminye imithi, ezi zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci kwabanye abantu.
| Imiphumela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhwehlela okomileyo | Esi sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo nesiqhelekileyo se-ACE inhibitors. Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo nokukrwempayo okungenamthungo. Ukuba oku kuyakukhathaza, xelela ugqirha wakho. |
| Isiyezi | Oku kunokwenzeka xa usuka ngequbuliso uhleli phantsi, ingakumbi xa uqala ukuthatha amayeza. Ngoko ke phakama kancinci. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kunye nokudinwa | Abanye abantu banokuba namava anjalo. |
| I-Angioedema | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa imbi kakhulu. Ibangela ukudumba ngequbuliso kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi, okanye umqala. Oku kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Ezinye (ezingaqhelekanga) | Incasa yentsimbi emlonyeni, isicaphucaphu, ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba. |
Izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele xa usebenzisa eli yeza
Abantu abangafanele bathathe eli yeza
- Oomama abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo. (Ukuba ulindele umntwana, xelela ugqirha wakho kwangaphambili.)
- Abantu ababekhe baba ne-angioedema (ukudumba kobuso ngaphambili).
- Abantu abanesifo sezintso esinzima okanye isifo semithambo yezintso.
Ukusebenzisana namanye amayeza
Ukuba uthatha i-ACE inhibitor, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozithathayo (kwaneevithamini).
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu (ii-NSAID): Ukuba amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu afana ne-Ibuprofen kunye ne-Diclofenac asetyenziswa rhoqo, anokunciphisa ukusebenza kwee-ACE inhibitors aze achaphazele izintso.
- Amayeza achaphazela amanqanaba e-potassium: Amanye amayeza anokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-potassium emzimbeni anyuke ngokungeyomfuneko (hyperkalemia).
- Izinto ezithatha indawo yetyuwa netyuwa: Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nobungakanani betyuwa omele uyitye. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa "izinto ezithatha indawo yetyuwa" ezine-potassium.
Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu ziqatha zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
| Ingxamiseko - Yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko! | |
|---|---|
| Ukudumba kobuso, umlomo, ulwimi, okanye umqala | Oku kungaba yi-'Angioedema'. Imeko embi kakhulu enokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Iimpawu eziqatha zokunganyamezelani komzimba | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela okukhulu, ubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla. |
| Ukuziva ulele okanye utyhafile | Kusenokuba luphawu lokwehla okungeyomfuneko koxinzelelo lwegazi. |
| Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi | Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukungaziva mnandi kwelinye icala lobuso okanye lomzimba, ubunzima bokuthetha. |
| Ukutyheli kolusu okanye amehlo (i-Jaundice) | Oku kungaba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yokusebenza kwesibindi. |
Ukuba uthatha i-ACE inhibitor, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo oluphindwe kabini ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso zakho kunye namanqanaba etyuwa egazini. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungaluphosi olu vavanyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-ACE Inhibitors ziluhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu nolusebenzayo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sezintso.
- Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangedosi efanelekileyo.
- Musa ukuyeka ngequbuliso ukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho nangasiphi na isizathu.
- Ukuba ukhwehlela okomileyo okungapheliyo, yazisa ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nokudumba kobuso, imilebe okanye umqala, ubunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iindlela ozisebenzisayo (kuquka amayeza okudambisa iintlungu kunye neevithamini).
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