Ngaba unengxaki yokuphefumla, iintlungu esifubeni, okanye uziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba kukho ingxaki encinci ngevalvu entliziyweni yakho. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa usiva elo bali. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namhlanje sithetha ngale nto, ngakumbi ngotyando lweAortic Valve. Siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela oyiqondayo, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni utyando lwe-Aortic Valve?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu yeyona moto iphambili epompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Isango eliphambili elikhupha igazi kule moto yiAortic Valve . Kukule sango apho igazi elicocekileyo nelicebileyo ngeoksijini lisiya emzimbeni wonke ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni (iAorta). Ngoko ke ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba eli sango lisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha le valve iyeka ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo se-aortic valve. Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:
1. I-Aortic Valve Stenosis: Oku kuthetha ukuba ivalvu ayivuli kakuhle kwaye ivalekile. Emva koko intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu ukupompa igazi. Kufana nokuvula ucango olunomhlwa ngobunzima.
2. Ukuvuselelwa kweValve ye-Aortic: Oku kwenzeka xa ivalve ingavaleki kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi livuza umva. Oku kuvumela ukuba inxalenye yegazi elipompiweyo ibuyele entliziyweni.
Xa olu hlobo lwengxaki luvela, unyango lubizwa ngokuba lutyando lwe-Aortic Valve. Kule meko, oogqirha balungisa ivalvu eyonakeleyo okanye bayisuse ngokupheleleyo baze bafake ivalvu entsha .
Nangona olu tyando lusenokuvakala ngathi yinto enkulu xa usiva ngalo, luza kuyisombulula ingxaki yentliziyo yakho kwaye lukunike ithuba elihle lokuphila ubomi obusempilweni kwakhona. Luza kukunceda nasekukhuseleni kwiingozi ezinkulu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo okunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo ngenxa yesi sifo.
Lunzulu kangakanani olu tyando?
Ukuthetha inyani, utyando lwe-Aortic Valve lutyando olunzima . Kuba kuthatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba luphile ngokupheleleyo emva koku. Kwakhona, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, olu tyando lwe-Aortic Valve luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomzimba wethu ukuze siphile. Ke ngoko, olu tyando lwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye liqela loogqirha abaziingcali. Kodwa khumbula, namhlanje amawaka abantu kwihlabathi liphela baye baphumelela kolu tyando kwaye baphila ubomi obusempilweni.
Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando ezikhoyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi olukulungeleyo.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa kweValve ye-Aortic | Oku kuquka ukulungisa umonakalo kwivalvu yakho ngaphandle kokuyisusa. Injongo apha kukugcina uninzi lwezicubu zakho kangangoko kunokwenzeka. |
| Ukutshintshwa kweValve yeAortic (SAVR) | Kule nkqubo, ivalvu eyonakeleyo isuswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye kufakwa ivalvu entsha endaweni yayo. Olu lolona tyando luqhelekileyo. |
Kwabanye abantu, kusetyenziswa indlela yanamhlanje ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - TAVR/TAVI'', apho ityhubhu idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi emlenzeni ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Kodwa akunakwenzeka kuwo wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Ukuba utshintsha ivalvu, usebenzisa luphi uhlobo lwevalvu?
Iivalvu ezintsha zingafika kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili. Zombini zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki.
1. Iivalvu zeTissue: Ezi zenziwe ngezicubu zentliziyo zesilwanyana (zenkomo okanye zehagu). Inzuzo yazo kukuba xa zifakiwe, akufuneki usele amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke. Ingxaki kukuba zinokuguga emva kweminyaka eli-10-15, kwaye unokufuna olunye utyando.
2. Iivalvu zoomatshini: Ezi zenziwe ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nekhabhoni. Zihlala ubomi bonke. Akukho mfuneko yotyando kwakhona. Kodwa ingxaki ephambili kukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi kule valve, ngoko ke kufuneka uthathe amayeza okuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi (njengeWarfarin) yonke imihla ubomi bakho bonke . Kwakhona, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ngelixa usebenzisa eli chiza.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngohlobo lwevalvu olulungele wena ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.
Sizilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze abone ukuba umzimba wakho ukulungele kangakanani na.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo ukusebenza kwentliziyo kunye neevalvu.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG):Umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo uyajongwa.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba.
- Ukufakwa kweCatheterization yentliziyo: Kule nto, ityhubhu encinci idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi iye entliziyweni ukujonga ukuba akukho zithintelo kwimithambo yentliziyo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo: Jonga izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezintso.
Emva kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilandela ngokuchanekileyo .
- Uza kucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele emva kobusuku ngaphambi kotyando.
- Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku okanye utshintshe umthamo.
- Uza kukuxelela ukuba uza kufika nini esibhedlele.
Ukuba kukho into engacacanga ngezi zinto, buza ugqirha kwakhona ukuze ufumane impendulo ngokuqinisekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ucinga ngale nkqubo, kodwa konke oku kwenzeka ungaqondanga, ngelixa usebuthongweni obunzulu.
1. Okokuqala, uza kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintlungu uze ulale .
2. Emva koko ugqirha wenza utyando esifubeni aze afikelele entliziyweni.
3. Uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga . Lo matshini uthatha okwethutyana umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga yakho ngexesha lotyando. Oku kuthetha ukuba ioksijini kunye nokunikezelwa kwegazi emzimbeni wakho kunikezelwa ngalo matshini.
4. Intliziyo iyamiswa okwethutyana ukuze ugqirha akwazi ukwenza utyando kwintliziyo engashukumiyo.
5. Okulandelayo, ivalvu ye-aorta iyalungiswa okanye itshintshwe.
6. Emva kokuba umsebenzi wevalvu ugqityiwe, intliziyo iyaqalwa kwakhona .
7. Uza kunqunyulwa kumatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga.
8. Inxeba liza kuthungwa livalwe kwaye uza kuthunyelwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela umva (ICU).
Utyando ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbini nangaphezulu.
Ithini inkqubo yotyando?
| Indlela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweNtliziyo oluVulekileyo lweSintu | Kule meko, kwenziwa ukusika okuziisentimitha ezi-6-8 ubude phakathi kwesifuba kwaye i-sternum ivuliwe ukuze ifikelele entliziyweni. |
| Utyando Olungena Ngobuninzi | Kule ndlela, utyando lwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci okuziisentimitha ezi-2-4, endaweni yokuvula isifuba sonke. Le ndlela ibangela ukuba igazi lingaphumi kakhulu, ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele, kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza. |
Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekwe kubukhali bemeko yakho, ezinye iimeko zonyango, kunye nohlobo lomzimba wakho.
Linjani ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kuqala ungeniswe kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU) . Apho, izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi ziya kuhlolwa ngokusondeleyo. Emva kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Ukuhlala esibhedlele konke kungathatha iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7.
Kungathatha phakathi kweeveki ezi-4 nezi-8 ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya. Ukuba utyando lwenziwe ngaphandle kokusika kancinci, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza.
Uza kuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Phumla umzimba wakho. Kwangaxeshanye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukuhamba nokwenza umthambo omncinci njengoko ugqirha wakho esitsho. Izibhedlele ezininzi zineenkqubo zokulungisa intliziyo . Ukuthatha inxaxheba koku kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu kwinkqubo yakho yokuchacha.
Ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba uze kumbona emva kweveki emva kotyando, uze kwakhona emva kweeveki ezi-6. Qiniseka ukuba uya khona ngelo xesha.
Abanye abantu banokufumana ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncinci, usizi, okanye ukudakumba emva kotyando olukhulu olufana nolu. Le yimeko eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Ukuba uziva ngolu hlobo, thetha nogqirha wakho, ilungu losapho, okanye umhlobo othembekileyo ngayo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yolu tyando kukuba lutyando olusindisa ubomi . Luphilisa ngokupheleleyo isifo sentliziyo esinokuba yingozi ukuba asinyangwa. Olu tyando alupheleli nje ekwandiseni ubomi bakho, kodwa lukwasusa neempawu zemihla ngemihla ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci kunye nokudinwa, nto leyo eyenza ubomi bube lula kakhulu.
Njengazo zonke iintlobo zotyando, olu luneengozi ezithile.
- Ukunganyamezelani namayeza okubulala iintlungu
- Ukopha
- Usulelo lwe-incision, intliziyo, okanye imiphunga
- Amahlwili egazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukungahambi kakuhle kwesingqisho sentliziyo `(Arrhythmia)` (ngokuqhelekileyo okwethutyana)
- Ukuncipha okwethutyana kokusebenza kwezintso
Ezi ngozi zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo. Kodwa khumbula, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kuthatha onke amanyathelo anokwenzeka ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.
Ngawaphi amaxesha ekufuneka uthethe nogqirha ngawo?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana | - Ukudumba, ukuba bomvu, okanye ubomvu obuphuma kwindawo eqhotyoshiweyo |
| - Ukuziva umkhuhlane okanye ubanda | - Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (Iintlungu zentliziyo) |
| - Ukudumba kwemilenze okanye iinyawo (i-Edema) | - Ukunyuka kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1.5 kg ngeveki |
Kuqhelekile ukuba woyike ingcamango yotyando lwentliziyo. Kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Buza yonke imibuzo onayo. Thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo ngayo kwaye ufumane inkxaso yabo. Le asiyonto ekufuneka ujongane nayo wedwa. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso yabantu obathandayo, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza kwaye uphile ubomi obusempilweni kwakhona.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-aortic valve lunyango olunzima, kodwa olusindisa ubomi noluphucula umgangatho wobomi.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi kotyando. Buza kwaye uphendule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuphiliswa. Nika umzimba wakho ukuphumla okufunekayo . Kwangaxeshanye, kancinci kancinci yiba nomdla ngakumbi ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
- Lumka ngeempawu ezilumkisayo emva kotyando, ezinje ngeentlungu zesifuba, umkhuhlane, kunye nokudumba kwamanxeba. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ulusizi kwaye uxhalabile emva kotyando. Musa ukoyika ukuthetha ngayo kwaye ucele uncedo .
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