Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, okanye icotha kakhulu, okanye mhlawumbi ukutsiba iingoma ngaphandle kokubetha? Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kancinci xa uziva into efana nale. Uninzi lwabantu luye lwaba namava anjalo ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Kwizonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'Arrhythmia' (ebizwa ngokuba yi-'arrhythmia'). Ngoko ke ungoyiki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-arrhythmia?
Ngamafutshane, i-arrhythmia kukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'dysrhythmia'.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu ifana nomdlali wegubu kwiqela lomculo. Ingoma ivakala kamnandi kuphela xa ebetha iigubu ngendlela efanelekileyo nangesantya esifanelekileyo. Kunjalo nangentliziyo yethu. Kufuneka ibethe ngesingqi esifanelekileyo nesihlelekileyo. Kulapho kuphela apho inokupompa khona igazi elinomoya-mpilo owaneleyo emzimbeni wonke.
Kwi-arrhythmia, esi singqisho siyaphazamiseka.
- Mhlawumbi intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu .
- Mhlawumbi intliziyo ibetha kancinci kakhulu .
- Okanye ingadlalwa ngokungacwangciswanga , ngaphandle kwesingqi esinye.
Ezi meko zinokuqala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo.
Ingaba le yimeko enzima kakhulu ekufuneka uyoyike?
Kungokwemvelo ukuba lo mbuzo ufike engqondweni yakho. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-arrhythmia. Ezinye iintlobo azinabungozi kwaye azidingi unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zinzulu ngakumbi. Zinokubangela nokuma kwentliziyo ngequbuliso. Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-arrhythmia eziwela phakathi kwezi meko zimbini zigqithisileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukuxelela ngqo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia onayo, nokuba lufuna unyango na, kwaye wenze ntoni ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango kunokuba uzixilonge.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-arrhythmia?
Oogqirha bahlulahlula i-arrhythmias ngokusekwe kwindawo eqala kuyo entliziyweni. Masiyibeke ngokulula le nto. Intliziyo ineegumbi ezine eziphambili, ezimbini phezulu nezimbini ezantsi.
| Uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ii-Arrhythmias zeSupraventricular | Ezi ziqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (atria) . 'I-Supraventricular' ithetha 'ngaphezulu kwamagumbi asezantsi'. |
| Ii-Ventricular Arrhythmias | Ezi ziqala kumagumbi asezantsi (ii-ventricles) entliziyo. |
| I-Bradyarrhythmias | Ezi zibangelwa ziingxaki zenkqubo yombane yentliziyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe kancinci kakhulu . Ezi zinokubangelwa ziingxaki ze-pacemaker yendalo yentliziyo (i-SA node) okanye ngeendlela ezithwala imiqondiso (njenge-AV node). |
I-Atrial Fibrillation lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-arrhythmia olubonwa eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela. Luloluhlobo lweSupraventricular.
Zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngumntu one-arrhythmia?
Abanye abantu banokuba ne-arrhythmia ngaphandle kweempawu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-arrhythmia "engathethiyo". Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zingabandakanya:
| Uphawu | Indlela evakalelwa ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ukubetha Kwentliziyo | Uziva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngamandla, isifuba sakho sibetha ngamandla, isifuba sakho sitsibatsiba. |
| Isiyezi okanye Ubudenge | Isiyezi okanye i-vertigo . |
| Iziqendu zokuquleka | Ngequbuliso ndalahlekelwa ziingqondo ndaza ndawa. |
| Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo | Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, njengaxa unyuka izinyuko. |
| Ukungonwabi esifubeni | Ukuziva intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki, njengokuxinana esifubeni. |
| Ubuthathaka okanye ukudinwa | Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ungenabomi ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Kunzima ukukhomba unobangela omnye obalulekileyo we-arrhythmia. Zininzi izizathu ezinokubakho. Makhe sijonge izizathu eziphambili kunye nezinto ezinobungozi.
Izizathu ze-arrhythmia
- Isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo ( ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo )
- Igazi elonyukayo
- Utshintsho kwimisipha yentliziyo (`Cardiomyopathy`)
- Iingxaki zevalvu yentliziyo
- Ukwenzakala ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwangaphambili
- Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte egazini
- Inkqubo yokuchacha emva kotyando lwentliziyo
- Ezinye izifo (umzekelo, iingxaki ze-thyroid)
Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko
- Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba (ukutshaya)
- Ukusela kakhulu
- Ukusela kakhulu iziselo nokutya okune-caffeine (iti, ikofu, i-cola)
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezivuselelayo, ezifana namayeza athile omkhuhlane
- Igazi elonyukayo
- Ubunzima obugqithisileyo (i-BMI engaphezulu kwama-30)
- Isifo seswekile okanye amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini
- Ukurhona kunye ne-sleep apnea
Zithini iziphumo ezinobungozi ezinokubakho ukuba azinyangwa?
Ukuba anyangwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, ezinye iintlobo ze-arrhythmia zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
- Ukubuthathaka kwemisipha yentliziyo (`Cardiomyopathy`): Xa intliziyo ibetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga ixesha elide, imisipha yentliziyo inokuba buthathaka kwaye amandla ayo okupompa igazi anciphe.
- Ukuma kwentliziyo: Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo eziqatha zinokubangela ukuba intliziyo iyeke ukubetha ngequbuliso.
- Istroke: Kwezinye iimeko zokuphazamiseka kwentliziyo, ezifana ne-atrial fibrillation, amahlwili egazi anokwenzakala entliziyweni. Ukuba eli hlwili legazi liyahamba liye engqondweni lize livale umthambo wegazi, linokubangela ukukhubazeka.
Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Banokujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho baze bamamele intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope ukujonga ukuba akukho na ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
Emva koko, iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zinokuyalelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokufumana unobangela.
| Uvavanyo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Uvavanyo olurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Olu lolona vavanyo lusisiseko olusetyenziswayo ukufumanisa i-arrhythmia. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Jonga izinto ezifana namanqanaba etyuwa emzimbeni kunye neehomoni ze-thyroid. |
| IiMonitha ze-Ambulatory (umz., iMonitha yeHolter) | Isixhobo esincinci sifakwa emzimbeni wakho ukuze sirekhode rhoqo isingqisho sentliziyo yakho kangangeeyure ezingama-24 nangaphezulu. |
| I-Echocardiogram (I-Echo) | Ukuskena kwentliziyo. Oku kungajonga izinto ezinje ngobukhulu, imilo, kunye nomsebenzi weevalvu zentliziyo. |
| Uvavanyo loxinzelelo | Ukuthatha i-ECG ngelixa uzilolonga (uhamba kwi-treadmill). Oku kunceda ekufumaneni i-arrhythmias eyenzeka ngexesha lokuzilolonga. |
| Uphononongo lwe-Electrophysiology (EPS) | Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olufunda inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ngokunzulu. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia onayo kunye nobunzima bayo. Ngamanye amaxesha akukho nyango lufunekayo. Ukuba unyango luyimfuneko, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo.
1. Amayeza
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza. Ayizizo zonke amayeza ezifanayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ufumane amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo kuwe.
- Amayeza okulwa nokubetha kwentliziyo: Amayeza anikwa ukubuyisela isigqi esingaqhelekanga kwisiqhelo (isingqi se-sinus) okanye ukuthintela ukwenzeka kwe-arrhythmia.
- Amayeza okulawula izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo: Amayeza anikwa ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo.
- Amayeza okulwa nokugabha kwegazi: Amayeza anikwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokugabha kwegazi (umz. i-warfarin, i-aspirin).
2. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Ezi zibaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo seswekile.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
- Nciphisa okanye uyeke ukusebenzisa i-caffeine kunye nezinto ezikhuthazayo.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
3. Iindlela zonyango ezithile
- I-Cardioversion: Ukuhanjiswa komothuko wombane olawulwayo entliziyweni ukuze kubuyiselwe isigqi sentliziyo esiqhelekileyo.
- Ukususwa kweCatheter: Ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) idluliselwa ngomthambo osemlenzeni okanye engalweni ukuya entliziyweni kwaye inxalenye encinci yezicubu zentliziyo ebangela i-arrhythmia iyacinywa ngamandla ombane aphezulu.
4. Izixhobo ezinxitywa emzimbeni
- I-Permanent Pacemaker: Sisixhobo esinikwa abantu abanentliziyo ebetha kancinci kakhulu (bradycardia). Sithumela imiqondiso emincinci yombane ukugcina isantya sentliziyo sikwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo.
- I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Esi sisixhobo esihlala sijonga isingqisho sentliziyo. Ukuba sifumanisa isingqisho esikhawulezayo nesingaqhelekanga (i-ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation) esinokuba yingozi ebomini, sibangela umothuko entliziyweni ukuze kubuyiselwe isingqisho.
5. Utyando
Kwezinye iimeko, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kunyangwe isifo sentliziyo esisisiseko (isifo se-valve, imithambo yegazi evalekileyo) esibangela i-arrhythmia. Inkqubo ye-Maze lutyando oluthile lwe-atrial fibrillation.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Ndingaya nini kwi-ETU?
Ukuba une-arrhythmia, kubalulekile ukuya ekliniki ngexesha kwaye uhlolwe njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ufumane ingcebiso kagqirha kwangoko.
Fowunela ugqirha wakho ukuba iimpawu zakho (umz., iintlungu zesifuba, isiyezi) ziya zisiba mandundu okanye zivela rhoqo, endaweni yokulinda de kube yimini oya ngayo ekliniki.
Iimeko apho kufuneka uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko:
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye ngoko nangoko yiya kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) yesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Isiyezi esiqatha
- Ukuquleka
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Arrhythmia yintliziyo engaqhelekanga. Ezi azisoloko zimbi, kodwa ezinye iintlobo zinokuba yingozi.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, isiyezi, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
- Utshintsho olulula kwindlela yokuphila (ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukunciphisa utywala, kunye nokulawula ubunzima bomzimba) kunokunceda kakhulu ekulawuleni i-arrhythmia.
- Ukuba unikwe amayeza, ungaze uyeke ukuwasebenzisa okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Kwimeko yongxamiseko (iintlungu zesifuba eziqatha, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo), yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko.
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