Inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, ifana nomkhosi okhusela ilizwe. Umsebenzi walo mkhosi kukuchonga nokuhlasela iintshaba ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ezivela ngaphandle, nokusisindisa kwizifo. Kodwa, khawucinge ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotshabalalo oluya kwenzeka ukuba lo mkhosi wenze into engalunganga kancinci waza waqala ukuhlasela abantu abalungileyo kwilizwe lethu, becinga ukuba baziintshaba? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP). Apha, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela icinga ngempazamo ukuba ipancreas yethu lutshaba kwaye iqala ukuyihlasela.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP)?
Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, amajoni ethu omzimba ahlasela i-pancreas yethu, ebangela ukudumba okungapheliyo, okanye i-pancreatitis. Kuphela xa lo monakalo usenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha apho iingxaki ezinkulu ziqala khona. Rhoqo, sisenokungaziboni iimpawu de kubekho umonakalo omkhulu.
Kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa esi sifo. Oku kungenxa yokuba sisifo esingaqhelekanga, iimpawu azibonakali rhoqo, kwaye nakwi-scan, sinokubonakala njengezinye izifo, ingakumbi umhlaza we-pancreatic . Oku kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kubantu abaninzi. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba wakuba uxilongiwe kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza .
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP):
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zesi sifo. Indlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu yahlukile kancinci. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Uphawu | Uhlobo 1 (Uhlobo 1 lwe-AIP) | Uhlobo 2 (Uhlobo 2 lwe-AIP) |
|---|---|---|
| Amanye amagama | Ikwaziwa nangokuthi sisifo esinxulumene ne-IgG4. | Ikwaziwa nangokuthi yi-idiopathic duct-centric chronic pancreatitis (IDCP). |
| Amalungu achaphazelekayo | Ukongeza kwi-pancreas, ezinye izitho ezifana ne-bile ducts, izintso, isibindi, imiphunga, kunye neendlala zamathe nazo zinokuchaphazeleka. | Idla ngokukhawulelwa kwi-pancreas . |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Inqanaba lee-antibodies ze-IgG4 egazini liyanda. | Amanqanaba e-IgG4 awasoloko enyuka. |
| Ubudala obuqhelekileyo | Idla ngokuba emva kweminyaka engama-60. Ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda. | Idla ngokwenzeka xa umntu esemncinci . Ichaphazela zombini izini ngokulinganayo. |
| Ezinye izifo ezinxulumene noko | Inganxulunyaniswa nezinye izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba. | Malunga nama-30% ezigulana zinokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba sisifo samathumbu esibangelwa kukudumba (IBD) . |
| Ukubuyela umva | Kukho amathuba aphezulu okubuya kweempawu emva kokuba unyango luyekisiwe. | Amathuba okuba iimpawu ziphinde zivele aphantsi . |
Okungakumbi malunga ne-Type 1 AIP...
Ngamafutshane, le yinxalenye yeqela elikhulu lezifo ezibizwa ngokuba zizifo ezinxulumene ne-IgG4. I-IgG4 luhlobo lwe-antibody eyenziwa ngumzimba wethu. Kwesi sifo, i-IgG4 kunye neeseli zomzimba ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeplasma ziyadibana ukuze zihambe kwizicubu zepancreas, zibangele ukudumba kunye namanxeba.
Okungakumbi malunga ne-Type 2 AIP...
Kolu hlobo, amanqanaba e-IgG4 awanyuki. Kwaye amanye amalungu omzimba awachaphazeleki. Nangona kunjalo, aba bantu ngamanye amaxesha banokuphinda babuye kwi-pancreatitis ebukhali. Oko kukuthi, i-pancreas ivuvukala ngequbuliso kwaye iimpawu zivele, ezithi emva koko ziphele emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Nangona kusenokungabikho zimpawu ixesha elide, uphawu lokuqala oluhlala lubonakala yi- jaundice engenabuhlungu . Olu luphawu olubaluleke kakhulu. Abanye abantu banokuba neentlungu esiswini esingaphezulu okanye emqolo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-pancreas yethu iphakathi kwesisu nomqolo.
Khawucinge nje, kukho indoda eneminyaka emalunga nama-65 ubudala. Amehlo ayo ajika abe mthubi ngequbuliso, umzimba wayo wajika waba mthubi. Ihlile emzimbeni. Kodwa akukho ntlungu ingako esiswini sayo. Nabani na angayoyika ukubona into efana nale. Kuphela xa eya kugqirha aze enze iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo apho afumanisa ukuba lo asingomhlaza, kodwa yi-Autoimmune Pancreatitis.
Ukongeza, unokubona ezi mpawu:
- Umchamo omnyama kunye nendle ekhanyayo (eyaphela ibe mhlophe)
- Ukudinwa
- Ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
Kutheni esi sifo senzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Enyanisweni, izazinzulu azikakwazi ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kutheni ezi zifo zokuzikhusela komzimba zikhula. Bakholelwa ukuba yindibaniselwano yezakhi zofuzo kunye nezinto ezingqongileyo . Umzekelo, xa umzimba wethu ufumana usulelo olukhulu, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba inokuba namandla okulwa nalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kokuba umlo uphelile, inkqubo inokulibala indlela yokuzola ize iqale ukuhlasela iiseli zayo.
Kwakhona, umntu osele enesinye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba unamathuba amancinci okuba ne-AIP. Umzekelo:
- Isifo sikaHashimoto (isifo esinxulumene ne-thyroid gland)
- I-ulcerative colitis (ukudumba kwamathumbu amakhulu)
- Irheumatoid arthritis
- Isifo sikaSjögren (isifo apho amathe kunye neempumlo zomile khona)
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zesi sifo?
Ukudumba ixesha elide kunokonakalisa amalungu ethu omzimba. Oku kukhokelela ekwakhekeni kwezicubu ezibomvu. Oku kubomvu kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwepancreas. Emva koko, umzimba wethu uyeka ukuvelisa iihomoni kunye nee-enzymes ozifunayo, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki zokugaya ukutya kunye nesifo seswekile.
Kukho iingxaki ezimbini eziphambili ezinokubonwa:
1. Ukuqina kwenyongo: Imijelo yenyongo ethwala inyongo, ulwelo oluveliswa esibindini sethu, iye emathunjini idlula kwi-pancreas. Xa i-pancreas ivuvukala okanye itshiswe, le mijelo inokuvaleka. Emva koko, inyongo iqokelelana ngaphakathi emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela i-jaundice.
2. Umngcipheko womhlaza wepancreatic: Lo ngulowo abantu abaninzi bayoyikayo. I-autoimmune pancreatitis ayingomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, umntu one-pancreatitis engapheliyo, nangasiphi na isizathu, unomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu (malunga ne-1% - 2%) wokuba nomhlaza wepancreatic. Ekubeni iimpawu zezifo zombini zifana, kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi kwezi zimbini. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha wakho eza kujonga oku ngononophelo.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo?
Oku kufana nebali lophando. Uvavanyo olunye alunakuqinisekisa esi sifo. Kukwafuneka nokuthintela ezinye izifo, ingakumbi umhlaza. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha eza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi.
| Indlela yovavanyo | Kwenziwa ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Amanqanaba e-antibody ye-IgG4, amanqanaba esibindi kunye neeenzyme zepancreas ayajongwa. Izinto ezifana neemarkers zomhlaza nazo zingavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho imeko yomhlaza na. |
| Uvavanyo lokufota | Ii-MRI okanye ii-CT scans zijonga ukudumba okanye amanxeba kwi-pancreas nakwamanye amalungu omzimba. I-MRI scan ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-MRCP ijonga ngokusondeleyo i-bile ducts kunye ne-pancreatic duct system. |
| I-Biopsy | I-Endoscopic Ultrasound, indlela apho kuthathwa khona iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu kwi-pancreas kusetyenziswa i-endoscope kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope, ichaneke ngokupheleleyo ekuchongeni isifo. |
| Uvavanyo lonyango | Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha uza kuqala amayeza asetyenziselwa i-AIP (corticosteroids) aze ajonge ukuba iimpawu ziyaphucuka na. Ukuba iimpawu ziyaphucuka ngokukhawuleza, oko kukwabubungqina obuxhasa ukuxilongwa. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango oluphambili nolusebenzayo kakhulu lwe-autoimmune pancreatitis ludidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroids . I-Prednisone yeyona chiza isetyenziswa kakhulu. La mayeza asebenza ngokuthomalalisa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba esebenza kakhulu kwaye anciphise ukudumba.
Unyango ludla ngokuqala ngedosi ephezulu yeyeza . Njengoko iimpawu zakho kunye neziphumo zovavanyo ziphucuka, ugqirha wakho uya kuyinciphisa kancinci kancinci idosi. Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kokuba uyekile ukusebenzisa ii-steroids, unokunikwa amanye amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba ukunceda ukulawula isifo.
Ukuba kukho iingxaki, ezinje ngokuvaleka kombhobho wenyongo, oku kuya kufuneka kuphathwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, i-stent ingafakwa ukuvula umbhobho ovalekileyo. Amaxesha amaninzi, utyando lunokufuneka.
Buza kuba njani ubomi ngesi sifo?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-autoimmune pancreatitis sisifo esinyangekayo kakhulu . Ungabona ukuphucuka okukhulu kwiimpawu zakho kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango lwe-steroid. Abantu abaninzi bayakwazi ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukuthatha amayeza ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha (ingakumbi kwi-Type 1 AIP) iimpawu zinokubuya (ziphinde zibuye) emva kokuyeka unyango. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kunokufuneka uqhubeke nokuthatha amayeza ngedosi ephantsi. Ugqirha wakho uya kuqhubeka ejonga imeko yakho aze enze isicwangciso sonyango esilungele wena.
Esi sisifo esingabonakaliyo. Iimpawu zinokungabonwa kangangeminyaka, kwaye xa iimpawu zibonakala, zinokudida. Ngoko ke kungathatha ixesha ukufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lwesi sifo, kwaye ngonyango, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza. Oko kuya kukunika amandla amakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP) sisifo esibangelwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ehlasela i-pancreas yethu.
- I-jaundice engenabuhlungu kunye nokuncipha kobunzima okungachazwanga kusenokuba zezona mpawu ziphambili.
- Nangona isenokubonakala ngathi ngumhlaza wepancreatic xa iskeniwa, i-AIP ayingomhlaza. Kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi kwezi zimbini ngovavanyo olufanelekileyo.
- Esi sifo sisabela kakuhle kakhulu kunyango olusebenzisa ii-corticosteroids kwaye sinokunyangeka ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso.
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