Kuqhelekile ukuba umntu olwa nomhlaza azive esoyika kancinci xa ugqirha wakhe esithi, "Siza kwenza utyando lwe-stem cell." Kodwa xa kukhankanywa igama elithi "autologous", kuthetha ukuba olu nyango lwenziwa kusetyenziswa iiseli zakho. Le yindlela entle kakhulu yokunika umzimba wakho amandla okulwa nomhlaza. Kulungile, masithethe ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi ngayo le nto, ukuba iyenza ntoni ngokwenene, kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo ngendlela elula kakhulu, inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem ze-autologous?
Khawucinge nje ngale nto. Ikhompyutha yakho yonakaliswe yintsholongwane. Ngoku, ukuze ususe le ntsholongwane, kufuneka uyifomethe ngokupheleleyo ikhompyutha. Kodwa wenza ntoni ngaphambi koko? Ngaba ugcina iifayile zakho ezibalulekileyo kwindawo eyahlukileyo?
Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-Autologous stem kuyafana.
Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ngaphambi kokuba ufumane i-chemotherapy ephezulu okanye unyango lwe-radiation ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza, ezinye zeeseli zakho zegazi eziphilileyo ziyasuswa emzimbeni wakho zigcinwe ecaleni ngokukhuselekileyo. Ezi seli zegazi "ziiseli zomama" kwithambo lethu elenza iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezintsha, iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets.
Xa unyango olunamandla lokulwa nomhlaza lubulala iiseli zomhlaza, luyonakalisa neeseli zethu eziphilileyo, ingakumbi umongo wamathambo. Emva koko, iiseli zakho eziphilileyo ebezigcinwe zikhuselekile zibuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho. Ezi seli zibuyela umongo wamathambo kwaye ziqale ukwenza iiseli zegazi eziphilileyo ezifunekayo emzimbeni.
Oku kusenokunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo umhlaza, kodwa kunokubangela ukuba umhlaza uphele ixesha elide, nto leyo ethetha ukuba awunazo iimpawu kwaye awubonakali xa kuvavanyo.
Olu nyango ludla ngokusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimeko yomhlaza ethi `Multiple Myeloma`. Lukwasetyenziswa nakwiimeko zomhlaza ezifana ne `Hodgkin lymphoma` kunye ne `Non-Hodgkin lymphoma` ezingaphenduliyo kwezinye iindlela zonyango.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kolu nyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane unyango olunamandla kangaka, oogqirha bahlola ngononophelo impilo yakho iyonke, njengoko umzimba wakho kufuneka ube namandla ngokwaneleyo ukumelana ne-chemotherapy eneedosi eziphezulu.
Ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokwenziwa:
- Uvavanyo lwe-`ECG` (i-Electrocardiogram) olujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo.
- I-'Echocardiogram', ejonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
- Iskeni se-`CT` (i-Computed Tomography).
- Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC).
- Ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ezijonga ukusebenza kwesibindi kunye nezintso.
- I-biopsy luvavanyo lokufunda iiseli zomhlaza.
Kule mihla, ukuze bakuncede ekubeni uhlale uneenaliti, oogqirha banokufaka ityhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Central Venous Catheter (CVC)' kumthambo omkhulu osesifubeni sakho esingaphezulu. Emva koko, yonke into ukususela ekuthatheni igazi ukuya ekunikeni amayeza inokwenziwa ngokulula ngale 'CVC'.
Amanyathelo amathathu aphambili kwinkqubo yonyango
Le nkqubo yonke inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili.
1. Ukuvuna iiseli zesiqu
Kulapho ke ezo seli ziphilileyo esizikhankanyileyo zisuswa khona emzimbeni wakho. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Apheresis'.
- Imithambo esezingalweni zakho zombini iya kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wokwahlula iiseli.
- Igazi elincinci lingena kumatshini lisuka kwingalo enye.
- Lo matshini uhluza kuphela ii-stem cells ezivela kuloo gazi uze ufake igazi eliseleyo emzimbeni ngenye ingalo.
Oku kungathatha iiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezine. Ngeli xesha, kusenokufuneka uhlale ungashukumi, kodwa ungafunda incwadi okanye ubukele iTV.
2. Ukulungisa umzimba
Eli lelona candelo linzima. Kulapho uza kufumana khona i-chemotherapy enomthamo ophezulu kwaye mhlawumbi unyango lwe-radiation ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Oku kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi. Iqela lakho lezonyango liya kuba nawe ukulawula naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngeli xesha.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lokulungisa imeko yempilo zinokwenzeka | |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide |
| I-anemia (umlinganiselo wegazi ophantsi), isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, urhudo, ukudinwa kakhulu, ukungabi namdla wokutya, izilonda emlonyeni, ukulahleka kweenwele. | I-Osteoporosis, i-cataracts, ukuyeka ukuya exesheni kwangethuba, ukungazali, umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibini. |
3. Ukufakelwa kweeseli / Ukufakelwa
Oku kufana nokunika isisombululo setyuwa okanye iphakheji yegazi. Iiseli zakho ze-stem, eziqokelelwe zaza zagcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo, emva koko zibuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho nge-IV okanye i-CVC. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liya kuhlala likujonga iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane kunye nokubanda.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango? Masifunde ngexesha lokuchacha
Emva konyango, umzimba wakho uya kuqala ukuchacha kancinci kancinci.
- Ukufakelwa kweeseli: Iiseli ze-stem ezisandula ukungena zihamba ngegazi, zihlale kumongo wethambo, zize ziqale ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi ezintsha ezisempilweni. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Engraftment'.
- Umngcipheko Wokosuleleka: Emva kokufakelwa, umngcipheko wakho wokosuleleka uphezulu kakhulu de inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi libuyele esiqhelweni. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane ngeli xesha.
- Ixesha lokuchacha: Kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-12 ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba iphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke musa ukungxama. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinokukunceda:
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Ngezinye iintsuku ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu. Phumla ngelo xesha.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Ukutya ukutya okuneproteni eninzi kunceda ekwakheni umzimba kwakhona.
- Ukuzilolonga: Wakuba uzive unamandla, qala ukwenza umthambo olula njengokuhamba. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale nantoni na entsha.
- Hlaziya imigonyo yakho: Emva kolu nyango, ukhuseleko olufumeneyo kwiigonyo zobuntwana luya kulahleka. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ugonywe nini kwakhona kwaye zeziphi imigonyo omawuzifumane.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokufakelwa kwe-Autologous kunye ne-Allogeneic?
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini ngumthombo weeseli. Ukuze uqonde oku ngokulula, jonga itheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lokuTshintshela kwenye indawo | Zifunyanwa kubani ii-stem cells? |
|---|---|
| I-Autologous | Kuwe. Iiseli zakho ziyaqokelelwa ngaphambi kokuba unyango lomhlaza luqale. |
| I-Allogeneic | Kumnikeli ophilileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, izicubu zifunyanwa kwilungu losapho elihambelanayo okanye komnye umntu. |
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko
Nokuba uxilongwa rhoqo ngugqirha emva konyango, kubalulekile ukwazisa iqela lakho lezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zeengxaki. Lumka kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ifiva
- Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndingcangcazela
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
- Ukukhwehlela, ukuthimla, okanye impumlo egobhozayo
- Ukuchama rhoqo okanye iintlungu ngexesha lokuchama (iDysuria)
- Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
- Isiyezi
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem ze-autologous kubandakanya ukuqokelela iiseli zakho ze-stem eziphilileyo ngaphambi kokuba unyango lomhlaza luqale, uze uzibuyisele emzimbeni wakho emva konyango.
- Le yinkqubo enamanyathelo amaninzi: ukuqokelelwa kweeseli, ukulungiswa kweedosi eziphezulu, kunye nokubuyiselwa kweeseli.
- Umngcipheko ophambili emva konyango kukukhula kwezifo ezinzulu, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane.
- Kungathatha iinyanga ukuba umzimba uphile ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke yiba nobubele kuwe kwaye ukhathalele ukuphumla kwakho kunye nokutya kwakho.
- Isigulana ngasinye sahlukile, ngoko ke thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho onyangayo malunga nokuba olu nyango lukulungele na, impumelelo yalo, kunye neengozi zalo.
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