Ngaba uyazi ngesimila esibi esikhula engqondweni? (Ithumba lobuchopho)

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho, oko kukuthi, engqondweni yakho, into efana nephundu elibangelwa yibhaktheriya, kodwa ngendlela eyingozi kakhulu, inokuqokelela ubovu yenze ithumba? Ivakala ingaqhelekanga, akunjalo? Kodwa, le yinto yokwenyani. Siyibiza ngokuba yithumba lobuchopho. Asingomdlalo lo, kwaye ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ngamafutshane, ithumba lobuchopho sisiqhuma esakheka ngaphakathi kwengqondo yakho sisuka kwi-pus, iiseli ezifileyo, kunye neentsholongwane. Sifana nenxeba elidumbayo ndaweni ithile emzimbeni wethu, kodwa oku kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Cinga ngayo, intsholongwane ethile, isenokuba yibhaktheriya, okanye inokuba yifungi, xa ingena engqondweni, inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela iyalwa nayo. Iintsholongwane ezifayo kule mfazwe, iiseli zethu, zonke ezi ziyadibana ukuze zenze esi siqhuma se-pus. Emva koko izicubu zobuchopho zenza udonga olujikeleze esi siqhuma se-pus, esisibiza ngokuba yi-abscess.

Njengoko esi sifo sikhula, uxinzelelo luyanda ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Ingqondo sisitho esibuthathaka kakhulu, ngoko ke kunzima ukumelana nolu hlobo loxinzelelo. Olu lungxamiseko lwezonyango kwaye lunokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba alunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha babiza oku ngokuthi yi-cerebral abscess.

Kodwa oku akuqhelekanga kangako. Kwanakwilizwe elifana neMelika, zimbalwa kakhulu iingxelo ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba oko kwenzeka kumntu othile, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu.

Ngoko ke zithini iimpawu zesifo somhlaza wobuchopho?

Xa kuvela isifo somhlaza ebuchotsheni esifana nesi, sinokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Kwabanye abantu, ezi mpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso, ngelixa kwabanye, zinokuvela kancinci kancinci kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuba unale mpawu , kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko, kulungile?

• Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo: Oku akufani nentloko eqhelekileyo, kodwa kusenokuba yintloko ebuhlungu eba mandundu imihla ngemihla kwaye ingancedi ngamayeza.
• Ukudideka, ubunzima bokucinga: Kufana nokulahlekelwa zingqondo, kunzima ukuqonda nokukhumbula izinto ezazilula ngaphambili. Usenokungayiqondi into ethethwa ngumntu.
• Ukuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka, okanye ukushwabana kwelinye icala lomzimba: Ingalo okanye umlenze unokuziva ungandisholo, ungandisholo, okanye ungandisholo ngokupheleleyo.
• Utshintsho kwiimvakalelo: Indlela izinto ezivakala ngayo, njengokuchukumisa, ubushushu, nokubanda, inokutshintsha.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha: Ukungakwazi ukuthetha kakuhle, ukungakwazi ukuthetha into ofuna ukuyithetha, okanye ukuba nobunzima bokuqonda into ethethwa ngabanye abantu.
• Utshintsho lombono: Ukubona okufipheleyo, ukubona kabini, okanye ukulahleka okuncinci kombono.
• Umkhuhlane: Usenokuba nomkhuhlane kuba umzimba wakho ushushu, kuba olu luhlobo losulelo.
• Ukuxhuzula: Ukuxhuzula kunokwenzeka xa kukho ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso kunye nokuxhuzula.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza:Isisu sam siyashukuma, ndiziva ngathi ndiyahlanza.
• Ukuqina kwentamo: Kunzima ukujika intamo, kwaye ivakala iqinile.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, nceda ungacingi ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kuba kuphela xa ukuqaphela oku kwangethuba apho ungafumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwaye uphile.

Kutheni iithumba zobuchopho zikhula ngolu hlobo?

Isizathu esiphambili sokwakheka kobofu ebuchotsheni ngolu hlobo lusulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwefungus. Ezi ntsholongwane ngandlela ithile zingena ebuchotsheni bethu. Kwenzeka njani oko?

Cinga ngale ndlela:

• Ngegazi: Ukuba kukho usulelo kwenye indawo emzimbeni, umzekelo emiphungeni okanye entliziyweni, iintsholongwane zinokuhamba ngegazi zize zifikelele engqondweni.
• Usulelo lweSinus: Abanye abantu baneengxaki zeSinus rhoqo. Ukuba kukho usulelo olunzima kwiSinus, lunokusasazeka luye engqondweni. Ngokufanayo, usulelo lwendlebe kunye nosulelo lwamazinyo ngamanye amaxesha lunokuchaphazela ingqondo ukuba luba lubi kakhulu.
• Ukulimala entloko: Xa intloko ibethwe kakhulu, okanye ukhakhayi luqhekekile, iintsholongwane zinokungena engqondweni ngalo.
• Emva kotyando: Kwanasemva kotyando lobuchopho, nangona kunqabile kakhulu, usulelo lunokwenzeka kwaye ithumba elifana neli linokuvela.

Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeebhaktheriya ezidla ngokubangela ezi zifo yiStaphylococcus kunye neStreptococcus. Nangona kunjalo, nezinye iintlobo zeebhaktheriya nazo zinokubangela oku.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

Nangona nabani na enokuba nomhlaza wobuchopho onje, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci. Makhe sijonge ukuba bangoobani:

• Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-HIV, okanye abo imizimba yabo inamandla okumelana nezifo ngenxa yezinye izizathu, banokusuleleka lula zizifo ezinjalo.
• Izigulane ezinomhlaza: Ukuzikhusela komzimba kuyancitshiswa ngenxa yomhlaza kunye nonyango oluthile lomhlaza (umz., i-chemotherapy).
• Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo abazalwa naso: Abantu abanezifo zentliziyo banokuthumela iintsholongwane engqondweni ngokulula.
• Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba: Amayeza anjenge-corticosteroids, anikwa izifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis, okanye amayeza anikwa emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba, anokunciphisa nomzimba.

Ukuba nezi zinto zinobungozi akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nomhlaza wobuchopho, kodwa kungcono ukuba ulumke ngakumbi kunabanye.

Ziziphi iimeko eziyingozi ezinokubakho ngenxa yomhlaza wobuchopho?

Nditshilo ngaphambili ukuba le yimeko esongela ubomi . Isizathu saloo nto ziingxaki ezinokuvela. Jonga:

• Ukudumba kobuchopho: Ithumba lonyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo kwaye libangela ukuba ingqondo idumbe. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukuqhekeka kwethumba:Ukuba loo cyst izaliswe bubovu iqhuma ngequbuliso, ububovu bungasasazeka kuyo yonke ingqondo buze buyenze imeko ibe mandundu nangakumbi.
• I-Meningitis: Usulelo lunokusasazeka luye kwiinwebu ezijikeleze ingqondo, nto leyo ebangela isifo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuba yi-meningitis.
• Ukonakala kobuchopho: Ithumba lingonakalisa iindawo ezithile zobuchopho, libangele ukukhubazeka okungapheliyo okufana nokungakwazi ukuthetha, ukuhamba, kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
• Ukuphinda-phinda kwee-cysts: Ngamanye amaxesha, nasemva konyango, ezi cysts zinokuphinda zivele.
• I-Coma: Ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yingqondo kunye nokuba ne-coma enokwenzeka.

Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza xa ezi mpawu zibonakala.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Xa uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, into yokuqala ugqirha aza kuyenza xa usiya esibhedlele kukukuhlola kakuhle. Oku sikubiza ngokuba luvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba aqonde ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi ekhayeni lakho lunyukile na nokuba ingqondo yakho ayisebenzi kakuhle na.

Emva koko, kuya kufuneka kwenziwe ezinye iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe iintsholongwane egazini. Uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo lunokunika ingcaciso malunga nosulelo.
• Iiskeni: Le yeyona ibalulekileyo.
• I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Oku kunokubona ngokucacileyo ithumba elingaphakathi kwengqondo, ubungakanani balo, kunye nendawo elikuyo.
• I-CT `(Computed Tomography)` Scan: Olu luvavanyo oluthatha imifanekiso yobuchopho. Nangona lungachazwanga njenge-MRI, lunokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo. Lunokunceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezifana nokuxhuzula.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kwenziwa i-biopsy yenaliti . Oko kuthetha ukuba, ngononophelo olukhulu, mhlawumbi ngoncedo lwe-scanner, inaliti ifakwa kwithumba elisebuchotsheni, kwaye isampuli encinci yobofu ithathwa apho ithunyelwe kwilebhu. Emva koko singafumanisa ukuba yeyiphi kanye kanye intsholongwane ebangela oku. Emva koko singanika amayeza afanelekileyo.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Ithumba lobuchopho yimeko engxamisekileyo efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:

1. Amayeza:

Into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukunika amayeza okulwa nosulelo.

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza okubola: Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikwa ukuba unobangela wokubila yintsholongwane, kwaye amachiza okubola anikwa ukuba yifungus. La mayeza anikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) ixesha elide, malunga neeveki ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo, aze athathwe njengamayeza omlomo ixesha elide.
• I-Diuretics: La mayeza anikwa ukunciphisa ukudumba engqondweni nokususa amanzi angaphezulu emzimbeni.
• Amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula: Ukuba kukho ukuxhuzula, kunikwa amayeza okulawula ukuxhuzula.
• IiSteroids: Ezi zinikwa ukunciphisa ukudumba engqondweni. Nangona kunjalo, azinikwa wonke umntu, kuba ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphazamisana nolawulo losulelo.

2. Utyando:

Ngamanye amaxesha amayeza odwa awanele, kuze kufuneke utyando.

• Ukuvula ukhakhayi ukuze kususwe ithumba okanye kukhutshwe ubovu: Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci ekhakhayini aze asuse lonke ithumba okanye inxalenye yobovu. Isampulu yobovu ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze kuchongwe ukuba zeziphi iibhaktheriya ezibangela usulelo. Emva koko kunikwa amayeza afanelekileyo.

3. Ukufunxwa ngenaliti:

Ukuba ithumba linzulu kakhulu engqondweni, kunzima ukwenza utyando olukhulu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, besebenzisa i-MRI okanye i-CT scan, bayayijonga baze bafake inaliti ngononophelo kwithumba baze bakhuphe ubovu. Ngamanye amaxesha, inaliti ingasetyenziselwa ukufaka amayeza okunciphisa ithumba.

Kunini apho oogqirha bagqiba kwelokuba banike amayeza kuphela?

• Ukuba ithumba lincinci kuneesentimitha ezi-2.
• Ukuba ithumba likwindawo enzulu kakhulu engqondweni.
• Ukuba unezinye izifo ezifana ne-meningitis okanye i-toxoplasmosis.
• Ukuba une-shunt engqondweni yakho (kusenokwenzeka ukuba uyisuse uze ufake entsha).
• Ukuba kukho i-cyst engaphezulu kwesinye (oku kunqabile kakhulu).

Kunini apho kufuneka khona utyando?

• Ukuba ithumba likhulu kuneesentimitha ezi-2.
• Ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwengqondo luyaqhubeka nokwanda.
• Ukuba i-cyst ayidubuli emva kokunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza okulwa nentsholongwane.
• Ukuba kukho igesi ngaphakathi kwisiqhamo, eveliswa ziintlobo ezithile zeebhaktheriya.
• Ukuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba ithumba liqhume (liqhume).

Zonke ezi ndlela zonyango zenziwa esibhedlele. Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango ukuze ubone ukuba ithumba lipholile ngokupheleleyo na kwaye kukho naziphi na ezinye iingxaki. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, uncedo lobomi lunokufuneka.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umntu aphile? Ngaba iza kuphila ngokupheleleyo?

Le yinto eyoyikisayo ukuyiva. Kodwa ukuba uyazibona iimpawu kwangethuba uze uqale unyango kwangethuba, ungafumana iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ukuba ayinyangwa, oku kuyabulala.

Abanye abantu banokuphila ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba, ubungakanani balo, kunye nomonakalo obangelwe yilo, iingxaki ezihlala ixesha elide zinokuvela. Umzekelo, ukuxhuzula, ubunzima bokuhamba, ubunzima bokuthetha, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, okanye utshintsho lobuntu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, unyango lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo lunokunceda ekubuyiseleni ezinye zezakhono ezilahlekileyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uza kuphila ngokupheleleyo okanye awuyi kuphila kuyahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina ithemba liphila.

Zithini amathuba okusindisa ubomi?

Eli libali elinzima kancinci. Phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-30% yabantu abafumana iithumba zobuchopho bayafa. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba abantu abalishumi bazifumana, omnye okanye abathathu banokufa. Kodwa ukuba esi sifo siqatshelwa kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, amathuba okusinda aphezulu kakhulu.

Ngaba into efana nale ayinakuthintelwa ukuba yenzeke?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo zonke iithumba zobuchopho, kodwa kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: Lumka ucoceko lwakho. Ingakumbi ukuba unenxeba okanye ukhe watyandwa, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha ngaphambi kokuba uchukumise ezo ndawo. Gcina ezo ndawo zicocekile.
• Sebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe ukuthintela usulelo ngaphambi kokuba kukhutshwe amazinyo. Wasele ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Funa unyango ngokukhawuleza kangangoko unako malunga naluphi na usulelo: Nokuba ngumkhuhlane omncinci, umkhuhlane, okanye intlungu yendlebe, musa ukuyityeshela uze ucinge, "Kulungile." Bona ugqirha uze ufumane unyango. Okukhona ulinda ixesha elide, kokukhona umngcipheko weengxaki uphezulu.

Ngamafutshane, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamekela umzimba wakho.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha? Ufanele uye nini kwigumbi longxamiseko?

Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane nokudumba, bona ugqirha. Musa ukulibazisa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu zethumba lobuchopho endizichazile ngaphambili (intloko ebuhlungu, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuxhuzula), fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Le yinto engafanele ilibaziseki.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Kuqhelekile ukuba wena nosapho lwakho nizive nixhalabile kwaye nisoyika kakhulu kwimeko engxamisekileyo efana nale. Usenokungabi nalo nexesha lokuqonda kakuhle ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa unyango luqala. Nangona kunjalo, ungabuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo ngokukhawuleza kangangoko unako:

• "Kutheni ndifumene eli thumba, gqirha?"
• "Luhlobo luni lonyango olungcono kum?"
• "Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zezi ndlela zonyango?"
• "Ngaba le thumba ibingabangela umonakalo ongunaphakade engqondweni?"
• "Ndingazinyamekela njani emva kokuphuma esibhedlele?"

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukukunyamekela. Ungoyiki ukubabuza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi yonke into malunga nokwenzekayo, okuzayo, kunye noko ukulindeleyo emva konyango.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali?

Ithumba lobuchopho liyingozi kakhulu kwaye linokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuliqaphela.

• Qaphela iimpawu: Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu nengapheliyo, umkhuhlane, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, okanye ukuxhuzula, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
• Musa ukulibazisa unyango: Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akho okuphila ngcono.
• Lumka kwiintsholongwane: Musa ukungayinaki nokuba yintsholongwane encinci uze uye kunyangwa. Hlala ucocekile.
• Mamela oko ugqirha akuthethayo: Sela amayeza kanye njengoko eyalelwe, uze ulandele imiyalelo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kuba luncedo kuwe. Siyathemba ukuba wonke umntu uza kuhlala esempilweni!

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