Ukususwa kwebele, nokuba kungenxa yomhlaza webele okanye ezinye izizathu zonyango, yinto ebangela iimvakalelo ezininzi kwaye ibuhlungu kuye nawuphi na umfazi. Kuqhelekile ukuba buhlungu kwaye uzisole ngokulahlekelwa yinxalenye yomzimba wakho. Kodwa, ubusazi na ukuba ngenkqubela phambili yezonyango zanamhlanje, kunokwenzeka ukuphinda utyando okanye ukwakha ibele elitsha elisusiweyo ngale ndlela? Namhlanje, masithethe ngokwakhiwa kwakhona kwebele, okanye utyando lokwakhiwa kwakhona kwebele.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwamabele?
Ngamafutshane, olu lutyando lokutshintsha ibele emva kokususwa kwebele okanye ukususwa kwebele. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokufuneka utyando oluninzi.
Olu tyando lunokwenziwa ngexesha elinye notyando lwe-mastectomy ( ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwangoko ). Okanye, lungenziwa kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka kamva ( ukwakhiwa ngokutsha okulibazisekileyo ). Ngamanye amaxesha omabini amabele kufuneka akhiwe ngokutsha. Okanye, elinye ibele linokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwaye lenziwe ukuze lifane nelinye. Esi sisigqibo sobuqu kakhulu. Abanye abafazi bakhetha ukwenza olu tyando, ngelixa abanye bengenzi njalo. Eso sigqibo sixhomekeke kuwe ngokupheleleyo.
Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokuvuselela amabele?
Zimbini iindlela eziphambili: Enye kukuthatha izicwili kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho uze wenze ibele. Enye kukusebenzisa i-implant eyenziweyo.
1. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwebele usebenzisa izicwili zomzimba wakho (Flap Reconstruction)
Kule nkqubo, ulusu, amafutha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izihlunu zithathwa kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho - umzekelo, ukusuka kwisisu esisezantsi, emathangeni, emqolo, okanye ezinqeni - kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukwenza ibele elitsha. Izihlunu ezithathwa ngale ndlela zibizwa ngokuba yi-'flap'. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezisetyenziswayo koku.
| Uhlobo lotyando lwe-flap | Indawo yokuqokelelwa kwezicubu | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| I-DIEP flap | Isisu esisezantsi | Kuphela lusu, amafutha, kunye nemithambo yegazi esuswayo. Izihlunu zesisu azonakalanga. |
| Iflephu yeTRAM | Isisu esisezantsi | Apha, ulusu, amafutha, imithambo yegazi, kunye nenxalenye yemisipha yesisu ziyasuswa. |
| I-Latissimus dorsi (LD) flap | Indawo engaphandle | Inxalenye yezicubu kunye nezihlunu ezivela ngasemva ziziswa phantsi kwesikhumba kwindawo yesifuba ukuze kwenziwe ibele. |
| I-PAP/TUG flap | Amathanga angaphakathi | Ibele lenziwe ngezicubu ezithathwe emathangeni. Kwi-TUG flap, kukwathathwa izihlunu. |
2. Ukwandisa amabele kusetyenziswa ii-implants
Ngale ndlela, oogqirha basebenzisa ii-implants ze-saline okanye ze-silicone ukuze batshintshe ukuma kwebele. Ngamanye amaxesha, kungasetyenziswa indibaniselwano yezicubu zakho kunye nee-implants.
Ngale ndlela, isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Tissue Expander' singafakwa phantsi kolusu emva kokususwa kwesisu. Sifana nebhaluni encinci. Iveki nganye, ugqirha usigcwalisa ngesisombululo se-saline. Emva koko, ulusu luyanwebeka kancinci kancinci, ludala indawo yokuba kufakwe i-'implant'. Kulapho kuphela apho kufakwa i-'implant' esisigxina.
Ndingayikhetha njani indlela endifaneleyo?
Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe emva kokuqwalasela izinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Ubudala bakho, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo .
- Luhlobo luni lwe-mastectomy olwenziweyo kwaye zingakanani izicwili ezisele emva kwayo?
- Nokuba ufuna olunye unyango lomhlaza wakho (umz. ichemotherapy, iradiotherapy).
- Utyando oludlulileyo owakha walwenza. Umzekelo, ukuba wakha walwenza isisu, kunokuba nzima ukufumana i-flap esiswini sakho.
- Okulindelekileyo kunye nenkangeleko oyifunayoKunjani na. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokucacileyo ngale nto nogqirha wakho.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi, ngexesha nasemva kotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando: Ugqirha wakho uza kukwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo, athathe imilinganiselo aze athathe iifoto zamabele akho. Kuya kufuneka ubazise ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo kunye nemeko yakho yempilo. Basenokukucela ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile ngaphambi kotyando.
Ngexesha lotyando: Olu tyando lwenziwa esibhedlele. Uza kulaliswa phantsi kwe-anesthesia, ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu. Ugqirha uza kuphinda akhe ibele lakho ngendlela oyikhethileyo (i-flap okanye i-implant). Emva kotyando, ityhubhu (i-drain) ingafakwa phantsi kwesikhumba ukuze kukhutshwe naluphi na ulwelo kunye negazi elinokuba liqokelelene ngaphakathi. Liza kususwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Emva kotyando: Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa, mhlawumbi iveki. Uya kunikwa amayeza okulawula iintlungu. Uya kucelwa ukuba unxibe i-bra ekhethekileyo (i-surgical bra) ukunciphisa ukudumba nokuxhasa amabele akho. Uya kunikwa imiyalelo yendlela yokuzinyamekela emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya.
Zithini iingozi kunye neengxaki zolu tyando?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi eziqhelekileyo, ezinje ngokosuleleka nokopha. Ukongeza, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:
- Amahlwili egazi : Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu emva kotyando oluthile lwe-flap.
- Utshintsho kwimilo okanye ubungakanani bamabele omabini: Elinye lisenokuziva liqinile kunelinye.
- Amanxeba: Amanxeba ahlala ekhona emva kotyando ngalunye. La manxeba ayanyamalala ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- I-Fat Necrosis: Ukuba igazi eliya kwizicubu ezisusiweyo ngexesha lotyando lwe-flap alanelanga, loo zicubu zinokufa.
- Iingxaki ezinxulumene nokufakelwa kwesisu: Isixhobo sokufakelwa sinokuba nemibimbi, sivuza, okanye siqhekeke.
- Intlungu okanye ubuthathaka kwindawo yomnikeli: Usenokuziva iintlungu okanye ukungaziva kwiindawo ezifana nesisu, umqolo, okanye amathanga.
Ibele elisandula ukwakhiwa lidla ngokuba buthathaka xa lichukunyiswa. Nangona ulusu lunokuphinda luzive ngokuhamba kwexesha, aluyi kuba buthathaka njengangaphambili.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
- Iimpawu zosulelo ezifana nomkhuhlane.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu engapheliyo nokuba sele kusetyenziswe amayeza.
- Ukopha okanye ubomvu obuvela kumanxeba otyando.
- Utshintsho kumbala wolusu esifubeni okanye ojikeleze inxeba.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwamabele emva kokususwa kwebele lukhetho onokukhetha kulo. Isigqibo sokuba uza kwenza njalo okanye ungakwenzi oko sixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kukhetho lwakho.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku, njengokusebenzisa izicwili zomzimba wakho okanye ukusebenzisa ii-implants ezenziweyo.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyaniseka nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela efanelekileyo kuwe, izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, kwaye ucacise ngezinto ozilindeleyo.
- Olu tyando lunokuba luncedo olukhulu ekulweni nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okwenzeka emva kokususwa kwesisu kunye nokwakha ukuzithemba kwakhona.
- Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo emva kotyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
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