Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukuziva unzima xa uhamba? Xa usiya kugqirha wakho, angakuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo olukhethekileyo ukuze ubone ukuba kukho na ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho (esiyibiza ngokuba yimithambo yegazi yentliziyo). Olunye lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo olwenziwa ngamaxesha anjalo yi-'coronary angiogram'. Abanye abantu baziva besoyika kwaye bexhalabile xa besiva eli gama. "Owu, ngaba olu lutyando olukhulu?", "Ngaba luza kuba buhlungu kakhulu?" "Ngaba kukho iingozi?" Imibuzo emininzi ifika engqondweni. Ke, kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngqo ukuba luyintoni olu vavanyo lwe-angiogram, ukuba lwenziwa njani, indlela yokululungiselela, kunye nayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngalo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-coronary angiogram?
Ngamafutshane, i-coronary angiogram luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray olujonga ukuba igazi lihamba kakuhle kangakanani na kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi ephambili ethwala igazi iye kwimisipha yentliziyo yakho. Njengokujonga izithuthi ezikwisitalato sedolophu ukuze ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo, izithintelo, okanye ukuncitshiswa, ijonga naziphi na izithintelo okanye ukuncitshiswa kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho.
Ngexesha lolu vavanyo, kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo, okanye i-pigment, kwimithambo yegazi kwaye kuthathwa uthotho lwemifanekiso ye-X-ray. Le dayi ivumela ukuba ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi libonakale ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray. Kufana nokukhanyisa ithotshi kwigumbi elimnyama uze ubone indlela. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ukuba kukho na i-cholesterol eqokelelene kwimithambo yakho (ebizwa ngokuba yi -atherosclerosis ) eye yanciphisa okanye yathintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Olu hlobo lokuvaleka yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kamva.
Ngaphantsi kwaziphi iimeko ugqirha angakucela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo?
Ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu vavanyo ukuba unesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zizathu zilandelayo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Isizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iingxelo zovavanyo ezingaqhelekanga | Ukuba ukhe wafumana iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kuvavanyo lwangaphambili loxinzelelo okanye i-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram). |
| Isifo sentliziyo esele sikhona | Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo. |
| Ngaphambi kotyando | Ukuba ucwangciselwe ukwenza olunye utyando lwentliziyo, jonga imeko yemithambo yegazi yentliziyo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke oko. |
| Intlungu yesifuba (i-Angina) | Ukuba unentlungu entsha esifubeni, okanye ukuba uhlobo lwentlungu lutshintshile. |
| Iimpawu ezingachazwanga | Ukuba unengxaki engaqhelekanga esifubeni okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla, nto leyo engenakufunyanwa ezinye iimvavanyo. |
Ugqirha uza kukuchazela isizathu sokuba ucelwe ukuba wenze olu vavanyo. Buza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo ngalo vavanyo ngoko nangoko.
Ufanele uzilungiselele njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Nangona oku kungengomsebenzi mkhulu njengotyando, kufuna amalungiselelo amancinci. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku ngokweenkcukacha. Nazi izinto oza kucelwa ukuba uzenze:
- Ukutya nokusela: Uza kucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi kangangeeyure ezisi-8 ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Amayeza: Ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza afana ne-anticoagulants, amayeza eswekile, i-diuretics, okanye i-sildenafil, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ukuba kufuneka uyeke ukuwathatha okanye ulungise umthamo kwiintsuku ezingaphambi kovavanyo. Kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owathathayo.
- Ii-Allergies: Ukuba wakha waba ne-allergy kuhlobo lwedayi yokwahlula okanye iyeza lokubulala iintlungu, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ngayo.
- Ukukhulelwa: Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa.
- Uthutho: Awuyi kuvunyelwa ukuqhuba ngemini enye emva kovavanyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba uya ekhaya ngaloo mini, kubalulekile ukulungiselela ukuba umntu akuqhubele.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-angiogram?
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu wonke umntu anawo. "Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi?" Khawucinge nje, le yinto ecwangcisiweyo kwaye yenziwe ngononophelo. Makhe sibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni inyathelo ngenyathelo.
1. Ukulungiselela: Okokuqala, uza kunikwa ilokhwe yesibhedlele uze ucelwe ukuba ulale ebhedini ekhethekileyo kwigumbi lovavanyo.
2. Ukuthomalalisa: Emva koko ityhubhu ye-IV (i-cannula) ifakwa emthanjeni ongalweni yakho, kwaye kunikwa isithomalalisi ngayo. Oku kuya kukunceda uphumle kwaye kususe uloyiko lwakho kunye nexhala. Kodwa awuyi kulahlekelwa zingqondo, uya kuba sezingqondweni ngokwaneleyo ukuba umamele oko kuthethwa ngoogqirha, ukhohlele kancinci xa bekuxelela, kwaye ubambe umphefumlo wakho.
3. Ukujonga intliziyo: Izitikha ze-ECG zifakwa esifubeni sakho kwaye izinga lentliziyo yakho lijongwa kulo lonke uvavanyo.
4. Ukuba ndindisholo: Okulandelayo, ugqirha uza kukhetha ukufaka umbhobho omncinci kumthambo wegazi osesinqeni sakho okanye esihlahleni. Indawo iya kuba ndindisholo nge-anesthetic yendawo. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu. Nangona kunjalo, ungaziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci njengoko ugqirha esebenza.
5. Ukufakwa kwe-catheter: Emva kwe-anesthesia, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter , ngemithambo yegazi ekhethiweyo.
6. Uhambo oluya entliziyweni: Ingcali yentliziyo emva koko ijonga isikrini se-X-ray ize iqondise ngononophelo le catheter ngemithambo yegazi yakho ukuya kwimithambo yentliziyo esentliziyweni yakho.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba awuyi kuyiva le catheter idlula emzimbeni wakho konke konke, kuba akukho mithambo-luvo ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi enokuvakalelwa yintlungu.
7. I-X-reyi kunye nedayi: Nje ukuba i-catheter ibekwe endaweni yayo, kufakwa idayi ekhethekileyo emthanjeni nge-catheter. Xa idayi ifakwa, ungaziva ubushushu obuncinci okanye ubushushu imizuzwana embalwa. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye akufanele ukhathazeke. Njengoko idayi idluliselwa emthanjeni, umatshini we-X-reyi (obizwa ngokuba yi -fluoroscopy ) uza kujikeleza ujikeleze wena uze uthathe imifanekiso.
8. Ukuchonga imiqobo: Ngenxa yokuba idayi yenza ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi libonakale ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray, ugqirha unokubona ngokuchanekileyo ukuba imithambo ivalekile, inciphile, okanye ithintela ukuhamba kwegazi ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-cholesterol namafutha.
Ngokwesiqhelo, yonke le nkqubo ingathatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50.
Ndingafumana unyango ngexesha lovavanyo?
Ewe. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ugqirha ubona ukuvaleka, angayinyanga ngoko nangoko. Ibhaluni ithunyelwa kwindawo yokuvaleka ize ivuthelwe umoya ukuze kwandiswe umthambo ( i-angioplasty ). Emva koko kufakwa isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh ( i-stent ) kuloo ndawo ukuze kuthintelwe umthambo ukuba ungaphinde uvaleke. Kodwa oku akwenziwa rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokugqiba kwelokuba kungcono ukwenza olunye unyango kamva.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?
Xa uvavanyo lugqityiwe, ugqirha uza kuyisusa i-catheter. Emva koko, ukuze ayeke ukopha, baza kubeka uxinzelelo kunye nebhandishi kwindawo apho i-catheter ifakwe khona. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela ekhaya kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kovavanyo, kwanangosuku olufanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvavanyo luyinkimbinkimbi okanye ukuba lwenziwa emini, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ngobo busuku.
Usenokuziva udiniwe emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya. Indawo apho kufakwe khona i-catheter isenokuba buhlungu kwaye ikruqukile kangangeveki. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ukuba uphumle kwaye uphephe ukwenza umsebenzi onzima iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ezibandakanyekileyo koku?
Njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, kukho umngcipheko omncinci. Kodwa khumbula, iingxaki ezinkulu azixhaphakanga. Ingakumbi ukuba uvavanyo lwenziwa esibhedlele kunye noogqirha abanamava abenza olu vavanyo rhoqo.
| Iingozi ezinokwenzeka (kodwa ezinqabileyo kakhulu) | |
|---|---|
| Ukunganyamezelani nedayi okanye i-anesthetic | Ukonakala komthambo wegazi |
| Ukopha, usulelo oluvela kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia) |
| Amahlwili egazi | Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi |
| Ukonakala kwezintso (ingakumbi kubantu abasele benesifo sezintso) | Ukwakheka kolwelo olujikeleze intliziyo (i-cardiac tamponade) |
Ngubani onokuba sengozini eyanda kancinci?
- Kwabo baneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala
- Kwabo banesifo seswekile
- Kwabo banesifo sezintso
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nale mingcipheko, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kovavanyo kwaye ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya.
Ndingazazi njani iziphumo zovavanyo?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela iziphumo kwangoko nje ukuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe.
- Isiphumo Esiqhelekileyo: Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho zithintelo kwimithambo yakho yentliziyo kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kulungile. Ukuba kunjalo, unobangela weempawu zakho usenokuba yinto eyahlukileyo.
- Isiphumo Esingaqhelekanga: Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho ukuvaleka okanye ukuncitshiswa komthambo omnye okanye ngaphezulu. Ugqirha uza kukuchazela ngqo ukuba ngowuphi umthambo ovalekileyo, ukuba uphi, kwaye ukuba uvalekile kangakanani. Kungabonakaliswa njengepesenti (umzekelo, i-70% ivalekile).
Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?
Ukuba kukho ukuvaleka, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokwenza. Oku kungabandakanya:
- I-Angioplasty kunye ne-stenting
- Ukuqala amayeza
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, njengokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo kunye nokuzilolonga
- Utyando lwe-bypass (Utyando lwe-Coronary Artery Bypass - CABG)
Ufuna ukubona ugqirha kwakhona ngaliphi ixesha?
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, qaphela apho i-catheter ifakwe khona. Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba kukho ukopha okugqithisileyo kuloo ndawo
- Ukuba ukudumba kuyanda
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngokutshintsha kombala wolusu okanye ubomvu
- Ukuba uziva ubunzima bokujikeleza kwegazi ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni yakho
I-angiogram ayisiyonto ibuhlungu kakhulu. Uza kuva iintlungu ezincinci xa kufakwa i-IV kwaye kunikwa amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu. Awuyi kuva i-catheter ifakwa okanye ishukunyiswa emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba uva iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo ngexesha lenkqubo, xelela ugqirha okanye umongikazi ngoko nangoko.
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa uxelelwa ukuba udinga i-angiogram. Kodwa khumbula, ulwazi oluvela kolu vavanyo luya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba amisele imeko yentliziyo yakho aze acwangcise unyango olulungele wena. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo malunga noku. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-angiogram yentliziyo luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo nolukhuselekileyo olujonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo.
- Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikiweyo, ugqirha unokugqiba unyango olulungele wena.
- Le ayisiyonkqubo ibuhlungu kakhulu. Uza kuziva ungonwabanga kancinci ngenxa yokuziva urhawuzelelwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha (ukuzila ukutya, amayeza) ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo ngaphambi kovavanyo ukuze uphelise amathandabuzo.
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