Kukho imithambo yegazi emibini ephambili ethwala igazi liye ebuchotsheni bethu kumacala omabini entamo yethu. Khawucinge ngento enokwenzeka ukuba le mithambo yegazi ibingavalwa yiplaque, okanye, iplaque. Kufana nomhlwa oqokelelana ngaphakathi kumbhobho wamanzi. Emva koko inani legazi eliya ebuchotsheni liya kuncipha. Oku kukuvula indlela yestroke esiyingozi. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngotyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwe ukususa olu hlobo lokuvaleka.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iCarotid Endarterectomy?
Eli ligama elide nelingaqhelekanga, kodwa intsingiselo yalo ilula kakhulu. Olu lutyando. Olu tyando lubandakanya ukususwa ngotyando amanqatha kunye nama-cholesterol plaques aqokelelene ngaphakathi kwe-carotid artery entanyeni yakho. Sinemithambo emibini ye-carotid kwicala lasekhohlo nelasekunene lentamo yethu. Le mibini inika igazi engqondweni yethu, entanyeni, nasebusweni. Olu tyando lunokwenziwa kwicala lasekhohlo okanye lasekunene, kuxhomekeke kwicala elivalekileyo.
Oogqirha basusa la mafutha ukuze babuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi engqondweni. Oku kungenxa yokuba la mafutha anokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ayeke konke konke. Ukuba ingqondo yakho ayifumani gazi laneleyo, unokuba nesifo sohlangothi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba istroke yingxamiseko yezonyango. Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zestroke, ukusa isigulana kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngokukhawuleza, kwiiyure ezintathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusindisa ubomi.
Ngubani ocebisa olu tyando?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga, ahlole imbali yakho yezonyango, aze afumane iziphumo zovavanyo ukuze abone ukuba olu tyando luyimfuneko na. Olu tyando lunokucetyiswa kwiimeko ezilandelayo. Makhe sijonge oku kwitheyibhile ukuze sikuncede ukuqonde ngokucacileyo.
| Xa utyando lungacetyiswa | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Isifo seCarotid Artery | Ukuba i-ultrasound scan ifumanise ukuba ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha (50%) semithambo yegazi entanyeni yakho ivalwe ngamanqatha. |
| Ukuhamba kwegazi okuphazamisekileyo ukuya engqondweni | Uvavanyo luqinisekisile ukuba umlinganiselo wegazi eliya ebuchotsheni unciphile kakhulu ngenxa yokuvaleka. |
| Ukuba ne-mini-stroke okanye i-precursor stroke (TIA) | Ukuba sele unestroke esincinci okanye uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA) ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. |
| Ukuxinana okukhulu ngaphandle kweempawu | Nokuba awuziva zimpawu, ukuba iiskeni zibonisa ukuba umthambo wegazi uvalekile kakhulu, kufana nokuthomalalisa ibhombu ngaphambi kokuba kufike ixesha. |
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uzenze kwaye uzilungiselele ngaphambi kolu tyando.
- Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iiskeni ezikhethekileyo, ezifana ne-cerebral angiogram, i-CT angiography, okanye i-MR angiography, ukuze ufumane umfanekiso ocacileyo wemithambo yakho ye-carotid kunye nengqondo.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini, amayeza esintu, kunye nezongezo). Amanye amayeza anokufuneka amiswe okwethutyana ngaphambi kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza afana ne-aspirin adla ngokumiselwa ukuba athathwe kulo lonke utyando.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyeke ngaphambi kotyando . Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi kwaye kulibazise inkqubo yokuphiliswa.
- Imiyalelo evela kwiqela lezonyango: Iqela lezonyango liza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga nokuba uza kutya ntoni kwaye uyisele ntoni ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando, ukuba uza kufika nini esibhedlele, njl. Zilandele zonke ngokuchanekileyo.
Lwenziwa njani utyando?
Olu tyando lwenziwa kwigumbi lotyando esibhedlele kwaye ludla ngokuthatha malunga neyure okanye ezimbini.
Ngaphambi kokuba utyando luqale, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia. Zimbini iindlela zokwenza oku. Enye yi -anesthesia eqhelekileyo, ekwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo.Enye yi -local anesthesia , ethintela kuphela indawo yentamo yakho apho utyando lwenziwa khona ngelixa uvukile. Ukuba unikwa i-local anesthesia, uya kunikwa amayeza okukunceda uphumle.
Ugqirha wenza utyando ngolu hlobo:
1. Okokuqala, bafumana indawo echanekileyo yomthambo wegazi ovalekileyo baze benze umngxuma omncinci malunga ne-intshi ezi-4 ubude entanyeni.
2. Emva koko, baza kujonga ukuba ngaba kufuneka bagcine igazi lihamba engqondweni ngexesha lotyando. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kuya kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-shunt) okwethutyana ukuvumela igazi ukuba lidlule kwindawo evalekileyo lize liye engqondweni.
3. Emva koko, kwenziwa isilonda ecaleni komthambo wegazi ovalekileyo kwaye umaleko wamafutha (iplaque) ongaphakathi ususwe ngononophelo.
4. Emva kokuba umaleko wamafutha ususiwe, umthambo wegazi uthungwa ndawonye. Rhoqo, kubekwa isiqwenga esenziwe ngezinto ezikhethekileyo ukuze sandise umthambo wegazi kancinci ukuze ungavaleki kwakhona.
5. Ekugqibeleni, ityhubhu yexeshana ebibekwe iyasuswa kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kubuyiselwa kwisiqhelo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yolu tyando kukuba lunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sohlangothi kwixesha elizayo. Xa lusenziwa ngugqirha onamava, umngcipheko uba mncinci.
Nangona kunjalo, njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yotyando, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba kubekho iingxaki ezithile.
| Iingxaki ezinokubakho |
|---|
| - Ukopha |
| - Usulelo |
| - Amahlwili egazi |
| - Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo |
| - Ukuba nestroke okanye isifo sentliziyo |
| - Ukuvalwa kwakhona komthambo wegazi kwixesha elizayo |
Le ngozi ingahluka kumntu nomntu. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela yona:
- Ubungakanani bokuvaleka komthambo wegazi.
- Ngaba wakha waba nestroke ngaphambili?
- Nokuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo sezintso.
- Ubudala bakho (umngcipheko uyanda kancinci njengoko ukhula).
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando kwaye kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umntu aphile?
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga nosuku emva kotyando. Oku kukujonga imeko yakho. Uya kukwazi ukutya nokusela ngokwesiqhelo kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Usenokuba nombhobho omncinci (idreyini) obekwe entanyeni yakho ukuze ukhuphe ulwelo oluvela kwisingxobo. Oku kudla ngokususwa kungakapheli usuku.
Kusenokuba kukho iintlungu entanyeni kangangeeveki ezimbini. Ungasebenzisa amayeza aqhelekileyo okuthomalalisa iintlungu kuloo nto.
Inkqubo yokuchacha idla ngokukhawuleza. Uninzi lwabantu luya ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo emva kotyando. Emva kokubuyela ekhaya:
- Ukuhlamba: Ukuhlamba kulungile. Kodwa musa ukuhlikihla iglu yotyando phezu kwenxeba okanye uvumele amanzi ayibethe ngqo.
- Ukunyamekela i-incision: Jonga i-incision yonke imihla. Musa ukuyifaka i-lotion kuyo. Kuphephe ukunxiba impahla ekhuhla i-incision.
- Ukubuyela emsebenzini: Ungaphinda uqalise imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini.
- Ukuqhuba: Ungaphinda uqhube xa inxeba selipholile kwaye kungekho ntlungu xa ujika intamo yakho.
Ukuba utyando luphumelele akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ubuyele kwimikhwa yakho yakudala. Kufuneka utshintshe indlela ophila ngayo ukuze uthintele ukuba igazi lingaphindi libuye.
Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba wenze ezi zinto:
- Ukulandela ukutya okunempilo .
- Zilolonge ukuba ugqirha uyakuvumela.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo.
- Ukuthatha amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol njengoko kuchaziwe.
Ngaba kufuneka ndiphinde ndiye kugqirha? Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndiziqaphele?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ufanele ubonane nogqirha wakho inyanga emva kotyando. Emva koko rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kangangeminyaka emibini, uze emva koko kube kanye ngonyaka emva koko. Oku kwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba umthambo wegazi owawutyandwe kuwo uyavaleka kwakhona na, okanye ukuba kukho ingxaki ngomthambo wegazi kwelinye icala, kusetyenziswa i-ultrasound scan.
Kwakhona, ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwezi mpawu! |
|---|
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Yintoni umahluko phakathi kolu tyando kunye nokufakwa kwe-stent?
Le yingxaki kubantu abaninzi.
- I-Carotid Endarterectomy: Oku kuquka ukunqumla umthambo wegazi nokususa umaleko wamafutha ngaphakathi.
- Ukubeka i-stenting: Oku kuquka ukufaka ibhaluni encinci kwimithambo yegazi ukuze kwandiswe indawo evalekileyo (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-angioplasty), uze ufake ityhubhu yesinyithi (i-stent) ngaphakathi kwindawo evalekileyo ukuze ingavaleki kwakhona.
Zombini ezi ndlela zisebenza ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi engqondweni. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Kuqhelekile ukuba nabani na oyike xa esiva ngengxaki yokuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni. Nangona kunjalo, olu tyando lwe-carotid endarterectomy luyindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kwaye lukusindise kwimeko eyingozi efana nestroke. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ucacise yonke into.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Carotid endarterectomy lutyando olususa amanqatha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi oyintloko entanyeni, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko westroke.
- Nangona olu lutyando olukhulu, ngokubanzi lukhuselekile kwaye luphumelela xa luqhutywa phantsi kweliso leqela lezonyango elinamava.
- Ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando likhawuleza, kodwa kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphinda kuvele amahlwili egazi.
- Qaphela naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinokwenzeka emva kotyando. Ukuba uneengxaki, nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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