Sonke siyaloyika igama elithi "stroke," akunjalo? Yeyona nto imbi kakhulu enokwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kuyeka ngequbuliso. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yengxaki yentliziyo. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi omkhulu entanyeni yakho kunokuba yimbangela enkulu yestroke? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngotyando olukhethekileyo olususa ukuvaleka okunjalo kwaye lubuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi ebuchotsheni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iCarotid Endarterectomy?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba imithambo emibini emikhulu ehambisa igazi engqondweni yakho ibaleka entanyeni yakho macala omabini. Le mithambo yegazi ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Carotid Arteries." Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinto ezifana namafutha angafunekiyo kunye ne-cholesterol evela ekutyeni esikutyayo ziqala ukuqokelelana eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Kufana nothuli oluqokelelana ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi. Le plaque siyibiza ngokuba yi-.
Njengoko le plaque ikhula, iqala ukuvala umthambo wegazi ngaphakathi. Oku kunciphisa inani legazi elihamba liye engqondweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, iqhekeza elincinci lale plaque linokwaphuka lize livale ngokupheleleyo umthambo wegazi omncinci engqondweni. Kulapho ke kwenzeka khona istroke.
Ngoko ke, i-carotid endarterectomy yinkqubo yotyando evula umthambo we-carotid ovalekileyo, isuse i-plaque ebambeke ngaphakathi, ize icoce kwaye ithunge umthambo wegazi. Ngamafutshane, imalunga nokucoca ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko we-stroke.
Kuxa kutheni apho olu tyando lucetyiswa khona?
Ugqirha wakho akayi kucebisa olu tyando ngoko nangoko. Uza kwenza isigqibo ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lwakho, iimvavanyo ezifunekayo, kunye neziphumo. Olu tyando lunokucetyiswa kumntu onezi meko zilandelayo:
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba elibalulekileyo lokuvaleka | Ukuba iskeni (i-ultrasound) iqinisekisa ukuba umthambo wakho we-carotid uvalwe ngaphezulu kwama-50% yi-plaque. |
| Ukuba ne-mini-stroke (TIA) | Ukuba ukhe waba neTransient Ischemic Attack (TIA) ngaphambili, olu luphawu oluncinci lwesilumkiso olungaphambi kwestroke esikhulu (njengokuthetha okungacacanga imizuzu embalwa, ukulahlekelwa yimvakalelo kwelinye icala lomzimba). |
| Ukuba nesifo sohlangothi esincinci | Ukuba sele ukhe waba ne-mini-stroke ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi. |
| Ukuvaleka okukhulu ngaphandle kweempawu | Ukuthintela istroke kwixesha elizayo, nokuba awunazo iimpawu, ukuba iskeni ibonisa ukuba umthambo uvalekile kakhulu. |
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunika imiyalelo ngaphambi kolu tyando. Ezi zingabandakanya:
- Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Ungacelwa ukuba wenze iiskeni ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-`(Cerebral Angiogram)`, `(CT Angiography)` okanye `(MR Angiography)` ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngemeko yemithambo yakho ye-carotid kunye nengqondo.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo: Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke into, kungekuphela nje amayeza kagqirha, kodwa kunye neentlungu, iivithamini, kunye namayeza esintu.
- Ukuyeka amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi ayacetyiswa ukuba ayeke kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, amayeza afana ne-aspirin ayacetyiswa ukuba aqhubeke. Fumana ingcebiso ethile malunga noku.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyeke ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kuya kukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza.
Indlela oluqhutywa ngayo utyando
Olu tyando lwenziwa esibhedlele. Ludla ngokuthatha malunga neyure okanye ezimbini. Usenokunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo (ukulaliswa) okanye i-anesthesia yendawo (ukwenza kube nzima kuphela indawo ejikeleze intamo yakho). Uza kunikwa amayeza okukunceda uphumle, nokuba uziva ungakhululekanga.
Ugqirha ulandela la manyathelo:
1. Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci omalunga nee-intshi ezi-4 entanyeni, apho umthambo wegazi uvalekile khona.
2. Ekubeni ukopha engqondweni kungenakumiswa ngexesha lotyando, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-shunt) ukuze igazi lijike okwethutyana.
3. Emva koko, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ecaleni komthambo wegazi ovalekileyo kwaye umaleko we-plaque ngaphakathi uyacocwa kwaye ususwe ngononophelo.
4. Emva koko umthambo wegazi uthungwa ndawonye. Rhoqo, kuthunyelwa "i-patch" ekhethekileyo ukuze indawo ihlale ibanzi kwaye ingaphindi inciphe.
5. Ekugqibeleni, ityhubhu yexeshana iyasuswa kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kubuyiselwa kwisiqhelo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, injongo ephambili yolu tyando kukunciphisa umngcipheko westroke. Xa lwenziwa liqela lezonyango elinamava, olu tyando luphumelele kakhulu.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo, kodwa iingenelo zingaphezulu kuneengozi kwiimeko ezininzi.
Inzuzo ephambili: Ukukhuselwa kwistroke esinzima kwixesha elizayo.
Iingozi ezinokubakho:
- Ukopha
- Iimeko ezichaphazelayo
- Amahlwili egazi
- Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo (awuqhelekanga)
- Ukuba nestroke okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo (kunqabile kakhulu)
- Ukuvaleka kwakhona komthambo kwixesha elizayo
Le ngozi ingahluka kumntu nomntu. Ixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, nokuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo, kunye nobungakanani bokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku.
Emva kotyando kunye nexesha lokululama
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa esibhedlele malunga nosuku ukuze ujongwe. Emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, uza kukwazi ukutya nokusela ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Umbhobho omncinci (idreyini) ungafakwa entanyeni yakho ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo oluvela enxebeni. Oku kudla ngokususwa kungakapheli usuku. Usenokuba neentlungu entanyeni kangangeeveki ezimbini. Ungathatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu rhoqo koku.
Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela ekhaya ngosuku olulandela utyando. Ungahlamba emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kodwa ungalikhuhli kakhulu inxeba. Ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo emva kweveki okanye ezimbini.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lubaluleke kakhulu!
Nokuba utyando luphumelele, kuya kufuneka utshintshe indlela ophila ngayo ukuze uthintele olu hlobo lweplaque ukuba lungaphindi lwenzeke.
- Ziqhelise ukutya okunempilo.
- Zilolonge njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Yeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Nciphisa uxinzelelo.
- Sela amayeza akho e-cholesterol kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi njengoko uyalelwe.
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kotyando lwakho, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
| Uphawu ekufuneka luqwalaselwe | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki ezinxulumene namanxeba | Inxeba libomvu, lidumbile, kwaye likhupha ulwelo olumthubi okanye oluluhlaza. |
| Iimpawu zestroke | Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuqonda, isiyezi, ukungaziva mnandi kwelinye icala lomzimba, iingxaki zokubona. Ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezinzulu kakhulu. |
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zosulelo | Umkhuhlane, ukubanda kunye nokungcangcazela. |
| Ezinye iimpawu ezinzulu | Ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukudumba kwemilenze, ubunzima bokuginya. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lweCarotid Endarterectomy lutyando olubaluleke kakhulu olwenziwayo ukuthintela istroke kwixesha elizayo esibangelwa kukutyalwa kwamafutha okuvalela umthambo omkhulu wegazi entanyeni.
- Oku akwenzelwa wonke umntu. Kucetyiswa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko, emva kovavanyo olwenziwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuze utyando luphumelele, kubalulekile ukutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo ibe yesempilweni ukuze uthintele ukuba le meko ingaphindi ivele.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezinobungozi ezinokuvela emva kotyando. Ukuba uneengxaki, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze uyisombulule.
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